• Computers and Concrete
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.441-449
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• 2018

FE models for complex or large-scaled structures that need detailed modeling of structural components are usually constructed using commercial analysis softwares. Updating of such FE model by conventional sensitivity-based methods is difficult since repeated computation for perturbed parameters and manual calculations are needed to obtain sensitivity matrix in each iteration. In this study, an FE model updating procedure avoiding such difficulties by using response surface (RS) method and a Pareto-based multiobjective optimization (MOO) was formulated and applied to FE models constructed with a commercial analysis package. The test building is a low-rise reinforced concrete building that has been seismically retrofitted. Dynamic properties of the building were extracted from vibration tests performed before and after the seismic retrofits, respectively. The elastic modulus of concrete and masonry, and spring constants for the expansion joint were updated. Two RS functions representing the errors in the natural frequencies and mode shape, respectively, were obtained and used as the objective functions for MOO. Among the Pareto solutions, the best compromise solution was determined using the TOPSIS (Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution) procedure. A similar task was performed for retrofitted building by taking the updating parameters as the stiffness of modified or added members. Obtained parameters of the existing building were reasonably comparable with the current code provisions. However, the stiffness of added concrete shear walls and steel section jacketed members were considerably lower than expectation. Such low values are seemingly because the bond between new and existing concrete was not as good as the monolithically casted members, even though they were connected by the anchoring bars.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• v.39 no.10
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• pp.1017-1022
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• 2015

Specific hydrodynamic characteristic of pump-turbine during the start and load rejection process of generating mode causes anomalous increase of water pressure, along with large machine vibration, called "S" characteristic. The aim of this study is to understand and explain the hydrodynamic performance of pump-turbine at "S" characteristic region by using a model of pump-turbine system. The operation in the condition of runway and low discharge in a typical "S" characteristic curve may become unstable and complex flow appears at the passage of guide vane and impeller. Therefore, velocity and pressure distribution are investigated to give an all-sided explanation of the formation and phenomenon of this characteristic, with the assistance of velocity triangle analysis at the impeller inlet. From this study, the internal flow and pressure fluctuation at the normal, runway and low discharge points are explored, giving a deep description of hydrodynamic characteristic when the pump-turbine system operates with "S" characteristic.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering Conference
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• 2014.10a
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• pp.106-109
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• 2014

In order to obtain dynamic behaviors of complex structures, it demands large amounts computational cost and time to perform the numerical analysis. The model reduction method helps these problems by dividing the full model into primary and unnecessary parts. In this research, we perform the modal analysis using the dynamic substructuring method, which is one of the model reduction methods, in order to obtain the dynamic characteristics of the cylindrical structures efficiently. To select the master degrees of freedom (dofs), we consider the mode shapes of the cylindrical structures. And then, we identify the validity of the dynamic substructuring method by applying the method to the simple cylinder and core support barrel (CSB) which is one of the reactor internals with the cylindrical shape. The results demonstrate that the dynamic characteristics from the dynamic substructuring method are well matched with the original method.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Fisheries and Ocean Technology
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• v.38 no.4
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• pp.259-264
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• 2002

The technology development for ocean resources can be represented by the increase of water depth. TLP, Tension Leg Platform, is one of the most feasible systems for deep sea development. TLPs show a complex dynamic behavior resulting from the dynamic interactions among platform, tether system and riser system due to their hydrodynamic and structural dynamic characteristics in waves. This paper aims at the theoretical and experimental analysis on motion response of TLP in waves. It is composed of two parts as follows ；(1) wave and wave loadings (2) TLP motion.

• International Journal of High-Rise Buildings
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• v.2 no.3
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• pp.171-178
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• 2013

The emergence of a growing number of tall buildings, often with unusual shapes and innovative structural systems, has led to the realization of the need for and the importance of field measurements. The new China Central Television (CCTV) Tower in Beijing is one of tall buildings with a highly unusual shape and a complex structural system, requiring field measurements to identify its dynamic characteristics for the subsequent dynamic analysis of the tower under wind excitation, seismic-induced ground motion and traffic-induced ground motion. The structural system and the finite element model of the CCTV Tower are first introduced in this paper. The computed natural frequencies and mode shapes are then presented as a reference for the field measurement. After introducing the arrangement of the ambient vibration measurement, the field measured natural frequencies and damping ratios of the CCTV Tower are presented and the measured natural frequencies are finally compared with the computed ones. It was found that the structural damping ratios of the CCTV Tower are small and the computed natural frequencies are smaller than the measured ones by about 12~17%.

• Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology
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• v.15 no.6
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• pp.709-719
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• 2001

In particle or short-fiber reinforced composites, cracking of reinforcements is a significant damage mode because the cracked reinforcements lose carrying capacity. This paper deals with elastic stress distributions and load carrying capacity of intact and cracked ellipsoidal inhomogeneities. Three dimensional finite element analysis has been carried out on intact and cracked ellipsoidal inhomogeneities in an infinite body under uniaxial tension and pure shear. For the intact inhomogeneity, as well known as Eshelbys solution, the stress distribution is uniform in the inhomogeneity and nonuniform in the surrounding matrix. On the other hand, for the cracked inhomogeneity, the stress in the region near the crack surface is considerably released and the stress distribution becomes more complex. The average stress in the inhomogeneity represents its load carrying capacity, and the difference between the average stresses of the intact and cracked inhomogeneities indicates the loss of load carrying capacity due to cracking damage. The load carrying capacity of the cracked inhomogeneity is expressed in to cracking damage. The load carrying capacity of the cracked inhomogeneity is expressed in terms of the average stress of the intact inhomogeneity and some coefficients. It is found that a cracked inhomogeneity with high aspect ratio still maintains higher load carrying capacity.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Building Construction
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.115-122
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• 2007

As buildings become higher, larger, and more complex, safety issues for construction workers working at such environments become more important. We analyzed 83 critical accident cases reported to the KOSHA(Korea Occupational Safety & Health Agency) for construction cranes by types of cranes and by patterns of accidents and causes. There are more number of accidents related to mobile cranes than that related to tower cranes, but the numbers of dead were similar in both cases. The most dominant cause of crane accidents was "fall of materials". We also analyzed the cases of crane accidents using the FMEA(Failure Mode and Effect Analysis) in order to set up a priority for safety management and also to prioritize research and development items relating tower cranes. In the process, we tried to eliminate subjective indexes such as an expert group survey and use objective and quantitative indexes. As a result, it was found that critical crane accidents occurs most during the "lifting and translating" activity.

• Journal of Korean Society of Coastal and Ocean Engineers
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.174-184
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• 1996

In the present study, for fully-open rectangular harbors, sensitivity analyses are made for the major parameters which are relevant to the practical application of a hybrid element model widely used fur the analysis of harbor oscillation. The results show that it is desirable to extend the finite element region to the area in which depth change is not large and that it is appropriate to take the depth of the outer region for analytic solution as the average along the boundary between the two regions. It is expected that the number of Fourier components of the analytic solution may not be important for a constant-depth simple-shaped harbor but its significance may increase for harbors of varying depth and complex geometry. It is found that the effect of incident wave direction is not significant for the first resonance mode but its effect becomes important as the bottom slope increases, especially for the higher resonance modes.

• Wind and Structures
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• v.14 no.6
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• pp.559-582
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• 2011

This paper presents an integrated wind-induced dynamic analysis and computer-based design optimization technique for minimizing the structural cost of general tall buildings subject to static and dynamic serviceability design criteria. Once the wind-induced dynamic response of a tall building structure is accurately determined and the optimal serviceability design problem is explicitly formulated, a rigorously derived Optimality Criteria (OC) method is to be developed to achieve the optimal distribution of element stiffness of the structural system satisfying the wind-induced drift and acceleration design constraints. The effectiveness and practicality of the optimal design technique are illustrated by a full-scale 60-story building with complex 3D mode shapes. Both peak resultant acceleration criteria and frequency dependent modal acceleration criteria are considered and their influences on the optimization results are highlighted. Results have shown that the use of various acceleration criteria has different implications in the habitability evaluations and subsequently different optimal design solutions. The computer based optimization technique provides a powerful tool for the lateral drift and occupant comfort design of tall building structures.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.31 no.2A
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• pp.59-69
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• 2011

Nonlinear static procedures (NSPs) basing on the concept of performance based seismic design have become one of the promising procedures for seismic evaluation of buildings. Although it needs much less computational cost compared to nonlinear time history analysis (NTHA), its usages are limited to simple structures by its inherent restriction to structures wherein the fundamental mode dominates the response. Several new nonlinear static procedures (Modal Pushover Analysis; MPA and Improved Modal Pushover Analysis; IMPA) which can consider higher modes effect were introduced. Nonetheless, its applicability for complex structures such as cable-stayed bridge has not studied yet. This paper focuses on applicability of nonlinear static procedures for the seismic analysis of cable-stayed bridges. Moreover, reliability indexes which can predict analysis procedure's accuracy are introduced.