• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.64 no.5
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• pp.751-762
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• 2021

Objective : Endovascular treatment of intracranial aneurysms is challenging in case of wide-necked aneurysms because coils are prone to herniate into the parent artery, causing thromboembolic events or vessel occlusion. This study aims to compare long-term angiographic results of wide-necked aneurysms treated by stent-assisted, double-microcatheter, or single-microcatheter groups. Methods : Between January 2003 and October 2016, 108 aneurysms that were treated with endovascular coil embolization with a neck size wider than 4 mm and a follow-up period of more than 3 years were selected. We performed coil embolization with single-microcatheter, double-microcatheter, and stent-assisted techniques. Angiographic results were evaluated using the Raymond-Roy occlusion classification (RROC). All medical and angiographic records were reviewed retrospectively. Results : Clinical and angiographic analyses were conducted in 108 wide-necked aneurysms. The immediate post-procedural results revealed RROC class I (complete occlusion) in 66 cases (61.1%), class II (residual neck) in 36 cases (33.3%), and class III (residual sac) in six cases (5.6%). The final follow-up results revealed class I in 48 cases (44.4%), class II in 49 cases (45.4%), and class III in 11 cases (10.2%). Of a total of 45 (41.6%) radiologic recurrences, there were 21 cases (19.4%) of major recurrence that required additional treatment, and 24 cases (22.2%) of minor recurrence. The final follow-up angiographic results showed statistically significant differences between the stent-assisted group and the others (p<0.01). Conclusion : Long-term follow-up angiography demonstrated that the stent-assisted technique had a better complete occlusion rate than the other two techniques.

• Journal of Dental Rehabilitation and Applied Science
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.45-49
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• 2015

In this clinical report, a simple and convenient conversion of a fractured metal-ceramic surveyed crown into a complete contour zirconia surveyed crown by using computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing technology for an existing partial removable dental prosthesis is described. The duplication of the original contours, morphology, and the rest seat of the existing metal-ceramic surveyed crown, into a complete contour zirconia surveyed crown under anticancer treatments were reported.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Prosthodontics
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• v.54 no.4
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• pp.364-369
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• 2016

Purpose: The aim of this study was to compare denture wearer's evaluation and clinician's technical rating for complete denture used on edentulous patients. Materials and methods: Total 43 edentulous patients who had complete denture fabricated more than one year ago were recalled. The questionnaire based on the various literatures was modified and applied to patients for subjective assessments. Functional aspects related to retention, stability, occlusion and denture condition were included in operator's evaluation. In addition, correlations were evaluated between patient's subjective and operator's objective assessments. Friedman test and Cohen's Kappa value were used for statistical analysis. Results: It was found that denture wearers' evaluations were slightly or fairly agree to clinician's rating for complete denture. More differences were found in maxillary denture than mandibular denture and moderate difference was found in esthetic, occlusion aspects. Conclusion: There were slightly or fairly agreement between subjective and objective evaluations.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Prosthodontics
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.153-169
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• 1988

There is a little scientific documentation reporting the stress, distribution to the edentulous mandible by different concepts of occlusal scheme. So, this study was to investigate the hypothesis that the magnitude and distribution of the occlusal stresses, transmitted through a mandibular complete denture base to the edentulous mandible, would be influenced by the lingualized occlusion. This investigation was performed to analyze the stresses induced in a three-dimensional photoelastic edentulous mandible, when a load is applied to the denture arranged into lingualized occlusion in centric relation, lateral and protrusive functional position. The mounted denture on a Dentatus Type ARO articulator was loaded in a pure vertical direction with 15kgs on the center of articulator in each case and the stresses were frozen into epoxy edentulous model at $127^{\circ}C$ in the stress freezing furnace. The stress-frozen epoxy models were sliced with diamond disc saw into 4mm thick. The slices were examined with a circular polariscope. The results were as follows: 1. In centric relation, the stresses were low at anteriors, and gradually increase to the premolar, molar area and highest at the first molar and gradually decrease from the second molar and lowest at the retromolar pad region. The lingual side showed higher stresses than labiobuccal side. 2. In lateral functional position, the working side showed higher stresses than the balancing side. In working side, the lingual side showed higher stresses than the buccal side and in balancing side, the buccal side showed higher stresses than the lingual side. 3. In protrusive position, stress distribution was symmetrical on the posteriors and the stresses were concentrated at the labial side of the anteriors.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartB
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• v.17B no.5
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• pp.355-362
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• 2010

Face tracking is to estimate the motion of a non-rigid face together with a rigid head in 3D, and plays important roles in higher levels such as face/facial expression/emotion recognition. In this paper, we propose an AAM-based face tracking algorithm. AAM has been widely used to segment and track deformable objects, but there are still many difficulties. Particularly, it often tends to diverge or converge into local minima when a target object is self-occluded, partially or completely occluded. To address this problem, we utilize the scale invariant feature transform (SIFT). SIFT is an effective method for self and partial occlusion because it is able to find correspondence between feature points under partial loss. And it enables an AAM to continue to track without re-initialization in complete occlusions thanks to the good performance of global matching. We also register and use the SIFT features extracted from multi-view face images during tracking to effectively track a face across large pose changes. Our proposed algorithm is validated by comparing other algorithms under the above 3 kinds of occlusions.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.57 no.1
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• pp.12-18
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• 2015

Objective : Covered stent has been recently reported as an effective alternative treatment for direct carotid cavernous fistulas (DCCFs). The purpose of this study is to describe our experiences with the treatment of DCCF with covered stents and to evaluate whether a covered stent has a potential to be used as the first choice in selected cases. Methods : From February 2009 through July 2013, 10 patients underwent covered stent placement for a DCCF occlusion. Clinical and angiographic data were retrospectively reviewed. Results : Covered stent placement was performed for five patients primarily as the first choice and in the other five as an alternative option. Access and deployment of a covered stent was successful in all patients (100%) and total occlusion of the fistula was achieved in nine (90%). Complete occlusion immediately after the procedure was obtained in five patients (50%). Endoleak persisted in five patients and the fistulae were found to be completely occluded by one month control angiography in four. The other patient underwent additional coil embolization by a transvenous approach. Balloon inflation-related arterial dissection during the procedure was noted in two cases; healing was noted at follow-up angiography. One patient suffered an asymptomatic internal carotid artery occlusion noted seven months post-treatment. Conclusion : Although endoleak is currently a common roadblock, our experience demonstrates that a covered stent has the potential to be used as the first choice in DCCF; this potential is likely to increase as experience with this device accumulates and the materials continue to improve.

• Cartoon and Animation Studies
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• s.40
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• pp.157-176
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• 2015

This research describes render pass synthetic techniques required to use for the effectiveness of them in 3D animation synthetic technology. As the render pass is divided by property and synthesized after rendering, elaborate, rapid synthesis can be achieved. In particular, occlusion pass creates a screen as if it had a soft, light shading, expressing a sense of depth and boundary softness. It is converted into 2D image through a process of pass rendering of animation projects created in 3D space, then completed in synthetic software. Namely, 3D animation realizes the completeness of work originally planned through compositing, a synthetic process in the last half. To complete in-depth image, a scene manufactured in 3D software can be sent as a synthetic program by rendering the scene by layer and property. As recently the occlusion pass can express depth notwithstanding conducting GI rendering of 3D graphic outputs, it is an important synthetic map not omitted in the post-production process. Nonetheless, for the importance of it, currently the occlusion pass leaves much to be desired for research support and books summarizing and analyzing the characteristics of properties, and the principles and usages of them. Hence, this research was aimed to summarize the principles and usages of occlusion map, and analyze differences in the results of synthesis. Furthermore, it also summarized a process designating renderers and the map utilizing the properties, and synthetic software usages. For the future, it is hoped that effective and diverse latter expression techniques will be studied beyond the limitation of graphic expression based on trends diversifying technique development.

• Journal of Technologic Dentistry
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.15-18
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• 1984

A denture that shifts easily in response to latterally applied forces can cause a disruption in the border seal or prevent the denture base from Correctly relating to the supporting tissue. The factors that Contribute to stability include ridge height and conformation, base adaptation, residual ridge relationships, occlusion harmony, and Muscle control. These factors can be condensed into the following categories; 1. The relationship of the denture base to the underlying tissue. 2. The relationship of occlusal harmony. 3. The relationship of the denture surface and border to the surrounding muscle. 4. The location of artificial tooth.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.38 no.5
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• pp.393-395
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• 2005

Cerebral infarction rarely occur following head injury. The authors present the case of a 39-year-old man with complete infarction in the middle cerebral artery[MCA] and anterior cerebral artery[ACA] territories ccurred immediately after head injury. He had compound depressed fracture in right frontal bone with no neurological deficit. After the depressed bone elevation, postoperative computed tomography scan showed the right MCA and ACA territory infarction with midline shift. Cerebral angiography obtained on the day after emergent decompressive craneictomy showed the complete occlusion of the internal carotid artery[ICA] at the level of lacerum ICA segment. There was no evidence of neck vessel dissection and basal skull fracture. Cerebral infarction can occur in an ultraearly period after head injury without neck vessel dissection or basal skull fracture. We stress the need for attention to the cerebral infarction as the cause of a rare neurological deterioration of the head trauma.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.53 no.3
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• pp.180-182
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• 2013

We describe a case of intracranial carotid artery occlusion due to penetrating craniofacial injury by high velocity foreign body that was relieved by decompressive surgery. A 46-year-old man presented with a penetrating wound to his face. A piece of an electric angular grinder disc became lodged in the anterior skull base. Computed tomography revealed that the disc had penetrated the unilateral paraclinoid and suprasellar areas without flow of the intracranial carotid artery on the lesion side. The cavernous sinus was also compromised. Removal of the anterior clinoid process reopened the carotid blood flow, and the injection of glue into the cavernous sinus restored complete hemostasis during extraction of the fragment from the face. Digital subtraction angiography revealed complete recanalization of the carotid artery without any evidence of dissection. Accurate diagnosis regarding the extent of the compromised structures and urgent decompressive surgery with adequate hemostasis minimized the severity of penetrating damage in our patient.