• Journal of The Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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• v.61 no.1
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• pp.107-120
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• 2019

Reservoir water level data identify the current water storage of the reservoir, and they are utilized as primary data for management and research of agricultural water. For the reservoir storage management, Korea Rural Community Corporation (KRC) installed water level stations at around 1,600 agricultural reservoirs and has been collecting the water level data every 10 minutes. However, various kinds of outliers due to noise and erroneous problems are frequently appearing because of environmental and physical causes. Therefore, it is necessary to detect outlier and improve the quality of reservoir water level data to utilize the water level data in purpose. This study was conducted to detect and classify outlier and normal data using two different models including the threshold model and the artificial neural network (ANN) model. The results were compared to evaluate the performance of the models. The threshold model identifies the outlier by setting the upper/lower bound of water level data and variation data and by setting bandwidth of water level data as a threshold of regarding erroneous water level. The ANN model was trained with prepared training dataset as normal data (T) and outlier (F), and the ANN model operated for identifying the outlier. The models are evaluated with reference data which were collected reservoir water level data in daily by KRC. The outlier detection performance of the threshold model was better than the ANN model, but ANN model showed better detection performance for not classifying normal data as outlier.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.15 no.11
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• pp.4065-4083
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• 2021

Super-resolution can improve the clarity of low-resolution (LR) images, which can increase the accuracy of high-level compute vision tasks. Portable devices have low computing power and storage performance. Large-scale neural network super-resolution methods are not suitable for portable devices. In order to save the computational cost and the number of parameters, Lightweight image processing method can improve the processing speed of portable devices. Therefore, we propose the Enhanced Information Multiple Distillation Network (EIMDN) to adapt lower delay and cost. The EIMDN takes feedback mechanism as the framework and obtains low level features through high level features. Further, we replace the feature extraction convolution operation in Information Multiple Distillation Block (IMDB), with Ghost module, and propose the Enhanced Information Multiple Distillation Block (EIMDB) to reduce the amount of calculation and the number of parameters. Finally, coordinate attention (CA) is used at the end of IMDB and EIMDB to enhance the important information extraction from Spaces and channels. Experimental results show that our proposed can achieve convergence faster with fewer parameters and computation, compared with other lightweight super-resolution methods. Under the condition of higher peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR) and higher structural similarity (SSIM), the performance of network reconstruction image texture and target contour is significantly improved.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Rural Architecture
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.33-40
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• 2022

Sharehouse has been supplied as an alternative to solving the steadily increasing one-room housing problem of single-person households every year, and it is necessary to investigate the satisfaction of residents who actually live in sharehouse through P.O.E. Therefore, this study analyzed priror researches related to the existing one-person households, sharehouses, and satisfaction surveys, and summarized indicators with high relevance and frequency to derive satisfaction survey factors that can clearly evaluate the improvement architectural plan of sharehouses. As a result, it was classified into 4 items in the 'general information' category to investigate the status, housing rental type, and housing cost of the sharehouse, 15 factors in the 'peripheral environment' category to evaluate the safety, 3 factors in the 'community' category, and 17 factors in the space (facility) and service category. In the "General Information" section, the overall one-person housing satisfaction, desired sharehouse type, housing rental type, housing cost, and living expenses were reduced. In the "Surrounding Environment", accessibility to public office, accessibility to cultural facilities, accessibility to medical facilities, accessibility to work and school, convenience stores, noise pollution and safety. In addition, in the "community" section, it consists of interactions with various people, relationships with housemates and in the "space (facilities) and service" section, heating, waterproof, soundproof, ventilation, moisture and condensation blocking, facility management, interior, room size, built-in furniture, storage space, laundry, parking. Most of the scales for each factor were 5-point Likert scales, allowing evaluation of the degree of satisfaction, and some factors presented criteria to induce structured answers. Therfore, it is expected that the survey will be conducted on residents who actually live by deriving factors for the satisfaction survey of one-person households living in the sharehouse, and the current status of the sharehouse will be identified, and the degree of satisfaction will be analyzed to be used for research.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.27 no.2C
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• pp.184-190
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• 2002

This paper compares and analyzes and analyzes the transmission performance of the OpenCable system and the DBD-C system which are adopted as the digital CATV transmission standard in U.S.A. and Europe respectively through computer simulation under the same channel environment. We considered the channel environment including the random noise and the CTB (Composite Tripple Beats) noise as channel impairments in order to compare the two standard fairly. Additionally, we analyzed the transmission performance of the OpenCable system for the various interleaving depths. We implemented each transmission system by software, and we analyzed BER values with respect to the C/N in order to compare their transmission performance. As a result of the computer simulation, to get the BER of ${10}^{-6}$ the OpenCable system requires 1.2 dB kiwer C/N than the DVB-C system in the 64-QAM mode, and the two system require similar C/N in the 256-QAM mode.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.35 no.5
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• pp.1455-1459
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• 2014

We report a sensitive and reliable FRET-based nanotechnology assay for efficient detection and quantification of bisulfite-unmodified or modified DNA. Bisulfite-untreated DNA or bisulfite-treated DNA is subjected to PCR amplification with biotin-conjugated primers so that the amounts of bisulfite-untreated and treated DNA can be differentiated. Streptavidin-coated quantum dots (QDs) are used to capture biotinylated PCR products intercalated with SYBR Green, enabling FRET measurement. Key features of our method include its low intrinsic background noise, high resolution, and high sensitivity, enabling detection of as little as 1.75 ng of bisulfite-untreated DNA in the presence of an approximately 1,000-fold excess of bisulfite-untreated DNA compared to bisulfate-treated DNA, with the use of PCR reduced (as low as 15 cycles). SYBR Green as an intercalating dye as well as a FRET acceptor allows for a single-step preparation without the need for primers or probes to be chemically conjugated to an organic fluorophore. Multiple acceptors per FRET donor significantly enhance the signal-to-noise ratio as well. In consideration of the high relevance of bisulfite treatment to DNA methylation quantitation, our system for FRET measurement between QDs and intercalating dyes can be generally utilized to analyze DNA methylation and to potentially benefit the scientific and clinical community.

• Transactions of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering
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• v.24 no.9
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• pp.706-715
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• 2014

Recently, the medical community has been enthusiastically welcoming robots that are able to provide high-quality medical services across the board, including assisting the surgeons during surgeries. In response, many higher education institutions and research facilities started to conduct various experiments and studies about these robots. During such research, it was discovered that the arm of one particular robot type that is being developed to assist surgeries are prone to vibrate even from the weakest impact, in addition to other residual vibration problems. We attempted to reduce such dynamic response by using a MF-TMD that is produced by adding magnetic fluid to ECD. We verified the MF-TMD's performance by testing it within various frequency bands and attenuations. We then designed a cantilever that was structurally similar to the robot's arm. We attached the MF-TMD to this cantilever and conducted a pilot experiment, which validated our hypothesis that MF-TMD will reduce the robot arm's vibrations through its optimal damping ratio. Henceforth, we attached the MF-TMD to the robot arm in question and conducted a performance experiment in which we tuned the MF-TMD's frequency and damping factor to its optimal level and measured the vibrations of the arm. The experiment demonstrated that the vibrations that occurred whenever the arms rotated were significantly reduced.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.19 no.5
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• pp.85-92
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• 2008

The aim of this research is to develop the sentiment indicators of housing welfare for evaluating housing welfare policies conducted by the Korean government. The methods of this research are used by analysis of related documents, FGI (Focus Group Interview), and survey. The survey was made by experts and consumers. To analyze the survey, this research also uses confirmatory factor analysis by SPSS (Statistical Package for the Social Science) program, AHP (Analytical Hierarchy Process) by Expert Choice program, frequency, average, percentages, Factor analysis etc. As a result of this research, selected housing welfare indicators are settled as follows: In the housing welfare aspect, 11 indicators in the department of 'Housing Satisfaction' and 11 indicators in the department of 'Community Satisfaction' (22 in total) are suggested. The indicators are 1) Water Supply and Distribution Equipment 2) Heating equipment 3) the size of the exclusive residential area 4) the number of rooms 5) Ventilation and Lighting 6) Sound Insulation (Indoor Noise) 7) Air Pollution/Odor 8) House Deposit 9) Rent Paid 10) Maintenance (Dwelling) Cost 11) The length of Occupation 12) Proximity to Welfare Facilities 13) Educational Environment 14) Convenience of Facilities (shops, hospitals etc.) 15) Convenience of Transportation and Commuting 16) Distance from Workplace 17) Landscape and Green Space (Tree, Flowers, Grass etc.) 18) Vandalism (Destruction Behavior, graffiti etc.) 19) Privacy 20) Noise in Public Places (Drinking, Loudly Talking etc.) 21) Safety from Crime 22) Safety from a Disaster. As of 2007, the housing welfare sentiment index is measured by the survey of 1,000 inhabitants in the public housing, which shows 3.51.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.21 no.6
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• pp.1235-1250
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• 2012

This study is to investigate the housing conditions and housing satisfaction of Chinese students in S. Korea, and identified effective factors for related housing design. Chinese students at CBNU participated in this survey from November to December in 2011. A questionnaire survey was used. 200 students voluntarily participated in this survey with 147 surveys providing useful data for analysis. Descriptive statistics, correlation, and linear regression were used to analyzed the data with SPSS 12.0. The results are as follow. 1) Many Chinese students received housing information from discussion with acquaintance. They lived together 2 students in one-room or dormitory. Monthly rental was about 240,000 won, and they found the living conditions a burden. 2) They are unsatisfied with food, the lack of a refrigerator, and non availability kitchen facilities. These factors are considered in planning for Chinese students housing. 3) For the most part, they are satisfied with their current housing environment, although there is a need to improve health related housing environment factors, including sunlight, noise, and indoor air. The effective residential factors to overall housing satisfaction are dwelling space and size, space organization and floor plan, kitchen toilet bathroom facilities, sunlight, and safety from natural disasters. The effective neighborhood factors identified include access to natural environment, community facilities, parks, noise, and commuting time. 4) Subjective factors played a larger role in overall housing satisfaction than did objective factors such as gender and types of house.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.19 no.6
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• pp.145-155
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• 2008

This study examined the actual use and users‘ satisfaction with the university dormitories in Gwangju and Chonnam and analyse the related variables that affect on them. Self-administered questionnaires were provided to 200 university students from Gwangju and the Chonnam area. The collected data was used to conduct comparative and descriptive statistical analysis: T-test Below are the study findings. Female students express more satisfaction with community affinity than male students in the satisfaction about socio-psychological environment. Students residing in the rooms for 2 persons express more satisfaction with the division of private space with common space, study appropriateness etc. than those residing in the rooms for 4 persons. Students residing in the cluster-type rooms express more satisfaction with the division of private space with common spaces study appropriateness and relationship with other students in other rooms etc. In relation to the room environment, female students express less dissatisfaction with the noise than male students. Students residing in the rooms for 2 persons express more satisfaction with the room size, interior temperature pleasantness, brightness etc. than those residing the in rooms for 4 persons. Students residing in the cluster-type rooms express more satisfaction with the bed size, the condition of interior finishing, interior temperature pleasantness, brightness and interior air pleasantness etc. than those residing in unit-rooms. In relation to common using environment, male students express more satisfaction with the library than female students. And students residing in the rooms for 4 persons and those residing in the cluster-type rooms express more satisfaction with lounge than those residing in the rooms for 2 persons and those residing in the unit-rooms. Organizing the university domitory planning according to the students' demands, based on this study, the change to general function of domitory in sleeping, studying, leisure activity and culture acitivity is needed. Interior environment technical factor of interior air pleasantness and noise should be improved.

• Proceedings of the KOR-BRONCHOESO Conference
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• 1972.03a
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• pp.5-6
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• 1972

Noise and air pollution, which accompany the development of industry and the increase of population, contribute to the deterioration of urban environment. The air pollution level of Seoul has gradually increased and the city residents are suffering from a high pollution of noise. If no measures were taken against pollution, the amount of emission of pollutant into air would be 36.7 thousand tons per year per square kilometer in 1975, three times more than that of 1970, and it would be the same level as that of United States in 1968. The main sources of air pollution in Seoul are the exhaust has from vehicles and the combustion of bunker-C oil for heating purpose. Thus, it is urgent that an exhaust gas cleaner should be instaled to every car and the fuel substituted by less sulfur-contained-oil to prevent the pollution. Transportation noise (vehicular noise and train noise) is the main component of urban noise problem. The average noise level in downtown area is about 75㏈ with maximum of 85㏈ and the vehicular homing was checked 100㏈ up and down. Therefore, the reduction of the number of bus-stop the strict regulation of homing in downtown area and a better maintenance of car should be an effective measures against noise pollution in urban areas. Within the distance of 200 metres from railroad, the train noise exceeds the limit specified by the pollution control law in Korea. Especially, the level of noise and steam-whistle of train as measured by the ISO evaluation can adversely affect the community activities of residents. To prevent environmental destruction, many developed countries have taken more positive action against worsening pollution and such an action is now urgently required in this country.