• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• 제54권10호
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• pp.425-428
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• 2011

Ornithine transcarbamylase (OTC) deficiency is well known as the most common inherited disorder of the urea cycle, and 1 of the most common causes of hyperammonemia in newborns. We experienced a case of a 3-day-old boy with OTC deficiency who appeared healthy in the first 2 days of life but developed lethargy and seizure soon afterwards. His serum ammonia level was measured as > $1,700{\mu}g/dL$ (range, 0 to $45{\mu}g/dL$). Continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) in the mode of continuous venovenous hemodiafiltration was immediately applied to correct the raised ammonia level. No seizure occurred after the elevated ammonia level was reduced. Therefore, CRRT should be included as 1 of the treatment modalities for newborns with inborn errors of metabolism, especially hyperammonemia. Here, we report 1 case of successful treatment of hyperammonemia by CRRT in a neonate with OTC deficiency.

• Investigative Magnetic Resonance Imaging
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.66-74
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• 1997

혈액의 산소화와 불 산소화에 따른 국부적인 자화율 효과의 변화에 의한 자장의 불 균일성에 민감한 경사 자장 에코 기법은 현재의 뇌기능 MR 영상의 기본이 되고 있다. 일반적으로 이러한 경사 자장 에코기법은 $T2^{*}$ 혹은 BOLD효과에 의한 자장의 불 균일성의 증가가 신호의 감소로 나타난다. BOLD 효과는 주자장에 대한 핏줄의 방향이나 영상 형식, 즉, 횡단면, 관상면, 또는 시상면에 따라 달라진다. 그래서 영상 형식과 영상면에 대한 기울임 각에 따른 신호의 변화와 BOLD 효과의 변화에 대한 정량적인 연구를 하였다. 연구는 자화율 효과에 대해 다른 민감도를 가지는 TRFGE 와 CGE 기법으로 이루어졌다. 컴퓨터 모의 실험과 실험 결과를 본 논문에 나타내었다.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• 제34권4호
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• pp.508-514
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• 2010

본 논문은 커먼레일 디젤엔진의 정속운전시 배출되는 나노크기의 입자상 물질을 분석하는데 초점을 두었다. 디젤산화촉매 후단에서 나노입자상 물질의 개수농도 저감수준은 크지 않았으나 매연여과장치 후단에서 분석한 결과 1,000배 정도 저감되는 결과를 확인하였다. 고속 고부하 조건에서는 매연여과장치의 자연재생 효과로 인해 입자상 물질은 증가하였다. 연료분사시기를 BTDC $6^{\circ}CA$ 에서 ATDC $4^{\circ}CA$까지 지각시킨 결과 입자상 물질의 개수농도는 감소하였지만 최지각 조건인 ATDC $9^{\circ}CA$에서는 증가하는 결과를 확인하였다. EGR 적용시 핵화모드 입자상 물질은 저감되는 경향을 보였으며 축적모든 입자는 증가하였다.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제16호
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• pp.75-81
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• 1998

With the rise of the economic level and the improvement of the standard of living the size of the interior work is becoming large and specialized, With the recent opening of the domestic interior decoration market the order of the large-scale interior decoration work is actively received and its efficient construction is vigorously made. Accordingly reliability is required in keeping with all the accuracy of computing interior construction expenses systematically is importantly emerging. The estimation sheet written in a kind of process mode and in an area made as the construction expense breakdown mode were statistically treated and analyzed as well as quantity computation breakdown data. In determing the major factors that expert an influence on the factors of changes in construction expenses as well as the compositional ratio of construction work that becomes basic material for developing the cost model of interior decoration work the following conclusion could be made: Improvement should be made to suit the present situation by synthesizing and arranging the data practically used in current interior construction expenses. Required construction expenses for the kind of work common to each construction field are showing a given proportion and the required construction expenses of rather small scale interior construction work tend to be irregular. It is necessary to compute optimal construction expenses by calculating the optimal period of work and working personnel in consideration of the influential factor in each work.

• Journal of Power Electronics
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.654-665
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• 2016

The pumping of electric power from photovoltaic (PV) farms is normally carried out using transformers, which require heavy mounting structures and are thus costly, less efficient, and bulky. Therefore, transformerless schemes are developed for the injection of power into the grid. Compared with the H4 inverter topology, the H6 topology is a better choice for pumping PV power into the grid because of the reduced common mode current. This paper presents how the perturb and observe (P&O) algorithm for maximum power point tracking (MPPT) can be implemented in the H6 inverter topology along with the improved sinusoidal current injected to the grid at unity power factor with the average current mode control technique. On the basis of the P&O MPPT algorithm, a power reference for the present insolation level is first calculated. Maintaining this power reference and referring to the AC sine wave of bus bars, a sinusoidal current at unity power factor is injected to the grid. The proportional integral (PI) controller and fuzzy logic controller (FLC) are designed and implemented. The FLC outperforms the PI controller in terms of conversion efficiency and injected power quality. A simulation in the MATLAB/SIMULINK environment is carried out. An experimental prototype is built to validate the proposed idea. The dynamic and steady-state performances of the FLC controller are found to be better than those of the PI controller. The results are presented in this paper.

• 대한용접접합학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한용접접합학회 2009년 추계학술발표대회
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• pp.202-204
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• 2009

Erosion is a common failure mode of materials frequently encountered in plant and power industry. Although the erosion resistance of Fe-base alloy has been inferior to the other expensive materials, it is expected that the strain-induced martensitic transformation can impart high erosion resistance to Fe-base alloy. The key technology to develop Fe-base metal cored welding wire for erosion resistant overlay welding may include the strain-induced metallurgy for hardening rate control and the welding flux metallurgy for dilution control. Sophisticated studies showed that the strain-induced martensitic transformation behavior was related to the critical strain energy which was dependent on the alloy composition. Dilution and bead shape of overlay weld were proved to be affected by metal transfer mode during gas tungsten arc welding and elements in welding fluxes. It was considered that the highly erosion resistant Fe-base overlay weld could be achieved by precise control of alloy composition to have proper level of critical strain energy for energy absorption and welding flux formulation to have small amount of deoxidizing metallic elements for dilution.

• International Journal of Aerospace System Engineering
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.1-15
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• 2022

Pyrotechnic initiators provide a source of pyrotechnic energy used to initiate a variety of space mechanisms. Pyrotechnic systems build in electromagnetic environment that may lead to critical or catastrophic hazards. Special precautions are need to prevent a pulse large enough to trigger the initiator from appearing in the pyrotechnic firing circuits at any but the desired time. The EMC verification shall be shown by analysis or test that the pyrotechnic systems meets the requirements of inadvertent activation. The MIL-STD-1576 and two range safeties, AFSPC and CSG, require the safety margin for electromagnetic potential hazards to pyrotechnic systems to a level at least 20 dB below the maximum no-fire power of the EED. The PC23 is equivalent to NASA standard initiator and the 1EPWH100 squib is ESA standard initiator. This paper verifies the two safety margins for electromagnetic potential hazards. The first is verified by analyzing against a RF power. The second is verified by testing against a DC current. The EMC safety margin requirement against RF power has been demonstrated through the electric field coupling analysis in differential mode with 21 dB both PC23 and 1EPWH100, and in common mode with 58 dB for PC23 and 48 dB for 1EPWH100 against the maximum no-fire power of the EED. Also, the EMC safety margin requirement against DC current has been demonstrated through the electrical isolation test for the pyrotechnic firing circuits with greater than 20 dB below the maximum no-fire current of the EED.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.587-593
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• 2021

2017년을 시작으로 2020년 6월까지 총 29건의 화재사고가 발생하여 많은 재산피해가 보고되고 있으며, 전기적인 위해요인중의 하나인 공통모드 전압(CMV: common mode voltage)이 화재원인으로 추정되고 있다. 즉, ESS가 설치되어 있는 수용가의 연계용 변압기는 분산전원연계기준에 따라 Y-△결선방식을 채용해야 하지만, 일부 수용가들은 기존의 △-Y 결선방식을 적용하고 있으며, 실제 ESS 운용현장에서 배터리 측 절연레벨을 초과하는 CMV가 발생한 사례가 보고되고 있다. 따라서, 본 논문에서는 실제 ESS가 운용되는 사이트에서 발생하는 CMV의 특성을 분석하고, 이를 검증하기 위하여 배전계통 상용해석 프로그램인 PSCAD/EMTDC를 사용하여 AC전원부, PCS부, 배터리 부로 구성된 ESS 사이트의 모델링을 수행한다. 상기의 모델링을 바탕으로 시뮬레이션을 수행한 결과, 실제 측정 결과와 유사하게 PCS용 내부변압기 중성점의 접지방식에 따라 CMV의 특성이 크게 달라지고, 중성점이 접지된 경우 CMV의 값이 정격전압을 초과하여 배터리 측 절연레벨에 심각한 악영향을 줄 수 있음을 확인하였다. 또한, PCS용 내부변압기의 중성점을 비접지로 운용한 경우, CMV가 크게 감소하여, 전기설비기준의 절연레벨을 만족하는 것을 알 수 있었다.

• Journal of Positioning, Navigation, and Timing
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• 제4권3호
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• pp.131-140
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• 2015

Antennas at permanent GPS stations operated by the former Ministry of Government Administration and Home Affairs (MOGAHA) in Korea were replaced in years 2008 and 2009, and these changes caused abrupt discontinuities in precise coordinate time series. In this study, an algorithm that eliminates those breaks was developed based on 15-year-long coordinate time series for the purpose of creating clean and continuous coordinate time series. The newly developed algorithm to correct for sudden jumps and dips in the GPS time series due to the antenna change was designed to consider all the linear and annual signals observed before and after the event. The accuracy of the new algorithm was confirmed to be at the Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) level of 2.3-2.6 mm. The new algorithm was also found to be capable of reflect site-specific characteristics at each station.

• Journal of electromagnetic engineering and science
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.91-95
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• 2008

This paper presents a direct-conversion I/Q up-mixer block, which supports $3{\sim}5$ GHz ultra-wideband(UWB) applications. It consists of a VI converter, a double-balanced mixer, a RF amplifier, and a differential-to-single signal converter. To achieve wideband characteristics over $3{\sim}5$ GHz frequency range, the double-balanced mixer adopts a shunt-peaking load. The proposed RF amplifier can suppress unwanted common-mode input signals with high linearity. The proposed direct-conversion I/Q up-mixer block is implemented using $0.18-{\mu}m$ CMOS technology. The measured results for three channels show a power gain of $-2{\sim}-9$ dB with a gain flatness of 1dB, a maximum output power level of $-7{\sim}-14.5$ dBm, and a output return loss of more than - 8.8 dB. The current consumption of the fabricated chip is 25.2 mA from a 1.8 V power supply.