• 한국연소학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2002.06a
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• pp.33-38
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• 2002

An optical single cylinder diesel engine equipped with a common-rail injection system has been built to investigate diesel combustion and emission characteristics. Three optical widows (piston crown quartz for bottom view of the cylinder, upper piston quartz for allowing laser sheet and liner quartz for side view) have been placed in the optical engine to visualize spray characteristics and combustion process inside the cylinder. Before doing further research using various optical diagnostics with the optical engine, fundamental combustion experiments and flame visualization incorporating a high speed motion analyser have been carried out with a wide range of engine operating conditions.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.1-11
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• 1993

The purpose of this study is to review histoiral development of Gye from the home welfare point of view. The origin of gye can be found ancient primative society but it was widely organized middle of{{{{ {Y }_{1 } }} }} D ynasty of Gye was originally wellfare o r ganization but changed to financial organization later. Gye can be classified as an organization 1) to realize common purpose as a whole community & 2) to realize common purpose as a household or individual Home wellfare function of Gye are studied on 8 areas,. In order to revitalize original Gye spirit in he modern society following was suggested: 1) For the rural village to be unified under Durae's spirit and organize Farming Company; 2) For the urban community to link needy people's Gye and above middle class people's Gye and utilize as civil wellfare organization ; 3) For financial organizaton to develop a pool financial product.

• Archives of Craniofacial Surgery
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.97-101
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• 2011

Purpose: Nasal bone fracture is the most common type of facial bone fracture. The standard 6-view photography was not adequate to support the evaluation of nasal deformity and the results of closed reduction. The authors have standardized a bird's eye view photography to more effectively evaluate this nasal deformity. Methods: We reviewed the medical records and radiologic studies of 63 nasal bone fracture patients. We had taken clinical photography including bird's eye view that was standardized as nasal tip was aligned to Cupid's bow of upper lip and light was focused on the nasion of all 63 patients. Results: Nasal deviations and reductions were more noticeable on the newly standardized bird's eye view. This clinical photography was very useful to explain the results of reduction. Conclusion: It was concluded that this photography can be more reliable for evaluation of severity of nasal deformity and the result of closed reduction.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.20 no.6
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• pp.53-61
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• 2011

As the standard of living has raised and the local self-governing body has enforced, cultural facilities have been increased in local areas. These cultural facilities should be designed to consider various users. However, most facilities were designed to focus on size or visual expressions. Therefore, this study was intended to evaluate common spaces of two cultural centers in local area from the universal design point of view. Two cultural centers located in large apartment complex were selected. The evaluating tool consisted of 46 elements related to universal design. The common space were pathway to entrance, parking lot, entrance, all over building, corridor, and restroom. Each 100 users of these two cultural centers evaluated them using by 5-point Likert scale. The results were as follows; The users rated them positively, but not highly. This means that some improvement were needed. Generally, the consideration for upgrading the quality of design such as material, pattern and color needed, and for various users including wheelchair users and seniors were needed. Also, when considering the users' behavior pattern and purposes, installing canopy over entrance, and providing seating places at corridor or pathway were needed.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.141-157
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• 1998

It has been general view to Josun palace space that the Kyongbok palace, a main palace, is arranged with symmetric geometrical composition principles and, unlikely main palace, sub-palaces such as Changduk, Changkyong and Kyonghee palace are placed in organic structure adapted to natural land form. With that view, there are no common factors to be considered between these palace, main and sub palace, in composting principles of the space. In this study, because of same ideological period, although there is external difference of that palaces, that common ideological principles are projected to these two palaces types through compositing space is assumed. On this hypostasis, this study has been focused on finding the ideological principles projected to these palace space commonly. As result of study, some of them are considered as common principles; Firstly, they are arranged in the text of contents through the way of naming to building, enterence and so on. The second point is ; it is viewed that the Oheung and symmetric arrangement method based on Oheung are used in compositing of palace space. The third is ; through analizing central space of Kyongbok palace, it is analized that oneness composition principles, which are based on the theory of Umyangheong, are projected to different palace space commonly.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.200-209
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• 2002

Visual acuity Decrease is one of the most common symptoms of adolescents. Acupuncture method has been used for improvement of visual acuity from ancient period. But it is not sufficent to recognize underlying causes and predisposing factors of visual acuity decrease. So we investigate the common causes and factors on myopia outpatients group. We researched 992 outpatients who were treated at Department of Acupuncture & Moxibustion, National Medical Center from June 2001 to May 2002. The outpatients were classified into several groups according to visual acuity and age. Common predisposing factors of visual acuity decrease were assessed through questionnaires based on the Classics of the traditional oriental medical bibliography. The results are as follows; age distribution is 52.9$\%$ for female, 47.1$\%$ for male. The predisposing factors were ranked as poor posture(66.9$\%$), unbalanced diet(57.2$\%$), heredity(53.8$\%$), irregular diet habit(51.3$\%$) and so on. These results playa role as preliminary data in recongnition of myopia in the view of oriental medicine.

• Journal of The Korean Digital Architecture Interior Association
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.35-42
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• 2007

Common residential environment is synthetic forms promote with organic organization of varied cultures and images. Users perceive and classify about these environments of feeling and atmosphere of each elements through their experiences and memories, not fixed point of view. In Korea, park designing of common residential room is in operation monotonously attach importance to economical efficiency without aesthetic structures, varied tries of materials, multiplicity, congruity of surrounding, and user-oriented plan. Recently, in policy of park designing has elements that obstruct to characteristic of environment because of applied to wrong guidelines which are end in investigation to model of an advanced countries'. In conclusion, this investigation shows improve on quality of park planning with the pivot of the matter is for users of common residential room. and park planning needs to multidimensional achieve.

• Journal of Information Processing Systems
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• v.15 no.5
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• pp.1055-1067
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• 2019

In view of the deficiencies of existing weighted similarity indexes, a hierarchical clustering method initialize-expand-merge (IEM) is proposed based on the similarity of common neighbors for community discovery in weighted networks. Firstly, the similarity of the node pair is defined based on the attributes of their common neighbors. Secondly, the most closely related nodes are fast clustered according to their similarity to form initial communities and expand the communities. Finally, communities are merged through maximizing the modularity so as to optimize division results. Experiments are carried out on many weighted networks, which have verified the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm. And results show that IEM is superior to weighted common neighbor (CN), weighted Adamic-Adar (AA) and weighted resources allocation (RA) when using the weighted modularity as evaluation index. Moreover, the proposed algorithm can achieve more reasonable community division for weighted networks compared with cluster-recluster-merge-algorithm (CRMA) algorithm.

• Journal of Information Technology Applications and Management
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.245-261
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• 2009

Since XML emerged as a standard for data exchange on the web, it has been widely used for applications like e-Commerce, CRM, and BI. However, it is common that most of business data is stored in relational database systems, and it is expected that business data management would still be centered around the relational database systems. As such, the technique of viewing relational data as XML and processing XML queries against it is required. To meet such a need, in the SQL/XML standard, the functions to publish relational data as XML are provided. In this paper, we propose the techniques of providing an XML view of relational data defined by an SQL/XML statement in DTD(Document Type Definition), and of processing XPath queries against the XML view by translating them into SQL/XML statements, and describe the validation of such techniques through implementation and tests.

• The Journal of Information Technology and Database
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.115-135
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• 2001

The objective of this paper is to develop a knowledge assets measurement model in Korea. There are relatively many researches on measuring knowledge assets of an organization. These previous researches, however, lack of comprehensive view of knowledge management and view of Korean organizational culture. We surveyed and analyzed previous researches, and found common factors to measure knowledge assets. We developed an updated version of knowledge assets index. The developed model has been validated for its fitness with real data of Korean companies. The result of this research can be used as a measurement tool for knowledge assets of public institutions as well as private companies.