• Korean journal of food and cookery science
• /
• v.26 no.5
• /
• pp.521-529
• /
• 2010

The purpose of this study was to research healthy food behavior and food recognition for each Asian country after subjects had visited Asian restaurants. The subjects of the study were university students from Griffith university and Queensland university, Australia. The survey was conducted from June 1 to 28, 2010. The summary of the analysis is as follows. Firstly, for dietary behavior related to healthy food, 'average' was the most common answer at 41.0% (102 respondents). Regarding the standard of selecting healthy food, 'if it is good for health' was the most common answer, regarding the reasons to like healthy food, 'because it is good for health', was the most common, and for information about healthy food, 'obtain from TV or media' was the most common. Regarding eating healthy food at home or dining out, most respondents answered 'once or twice a week', whereas regarding thinking of eating healthy food while dining out, 'average' was the most common answer. Secondly, the recognition of six Asian cuisines were ranked in the order of Chinese, Japanese, Korean, Thai, Indian, and Vietnamese. Representative well-being food by country, Bibimbap of Korea, Sushi of Japan, Shark's Fin of China, Tom Yum Kung of Thailand, Curry of India and Goi Cuon of Vietnam were selected. Thirdly, regarding recognition of well-being food, disease effect factor, health-oriented factor, nutrition factor and vegetarian diet factor were extracted. We found that disease effect factor and nutrition factor had positive (+) effects on visiting Asian restaurants due to recognition of well-being foods. Therefore, it is expected that more local people will eat at Asian restaurants if the public relations for Asian restaurants emphasizes harmony between well-being food and Asian food.

• Proceedings of the KIPE Conference
• /
• 2015.11a
• /
• pp.209-210
• /
• 2015

This paper presents a new model predictive control method without the effect of a weighting factor in order to reduce common-mode voltage (CMV) for a three-phase voltage source inverter (VSI). By utilizing two active states with same dwell time during a sampling period instead of one state used in conventional method, the proposed method can reduce the CMV of VSI without the weighting factor. Simulation is carried out to verify the effectiveness of the proposed predictive control method with the aid of PSIM software.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
• /
• v.27 no.6
• /
• pp.809-817
• /
• 2013

The aim of this study was to evaluate the mechanism of vasodilation of Lespedezea cuneata(LC) in rabbit common carotid artery and cavernosal smooth muscle. LC relaxed arterial strips precontracted with norepinephrine and cavernosal strips precontracted with phenylephrine. The arterial relaxation effects of LC was endothelium-dependent. $N{\omega}$-nitro-L-arginine(L-NNA), NOS inhibitor, methylene blue(MB), cGMP inhibitor, indomethacin(IM), cyclo-oxygenase inhibitor and tetraethylammonium chloride(TEA), KCa-channel blocker attenuate the relaxation responses of LC in arterial strips. In $Ca^{2+}$-free krebs-ringer solution, pretreatment of LC extract significantly reduced the contraction induced by addition $Ca^{2+}$. L-NNA reduced LC extract-induced relaxation in cavernosal strips, but IM, TEA and MB didn't affect LC extract-induced relaxation. When LC extract was applicated on human umbilical vein endothelial cell, the nitric oxide concentration was increased. We conclude that in rabbit common carotid artery, LC may suppress influx of extra-cellular $Ca^{2+}$ through the release of endothelium derived relaxing factor including nitric oxide, prostacyclin, endothelium derived hyperpolarizing factor. And LC exerts a relaxing effect on corpus cavernosum through activating the NO.

• Journal of the Economic Geographical Society of Korea
• /
• v.26 no.3
• /
• pp.310-323
• /
• 2023

Urbanization and income distribution issues are global interest, and the results of studies on the impact of urbanization on income inequality are different for each country and period. This study analyzes the impact of urbanization on income inequality using regional data from 2000-2021. In particular, serial correlation, spatial dependence, and common factor effects of the Gini coefficient are confirmed and analyzed through a dynamic spatial panel regression model. As a result, urbanization has a positive effect on reducing income inequality. Therefore, it is necessary to continuously promote regional urbanization to improve the income distribution problem. Areas with already high urbanization rates should reduce income inequality by narrowing the wage gap by expanding training opportunities for low-skilled workers, and need to come up with measures to prevent counter-urbanization.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business
• /
• v.10 no.4
• /
• pp.119-135
• /
• 2019

This study analyzes the effects of trade globalization and financial globalization on consumption classified by type(durable, quasi-durable, non-durable and service). On the other hand, trade globalization and financial globalization were decomposed into OECD common factor, regional factors, and the idiosyncratic country-specific factors by time-varying dynamic factor analysis. The characteristics of OECD common factor, regional factors, and the idiosyncratic country-specific factors of trade and financial globalization were analyzed. Furthermore, the influences of these factors on consumption by type were analyzed. The analysis shows that globalization has negative effects on consumption. In particular, we found out that the idiosyncratic country-specific factor of Korea in trade and financial globalization had a statistically significant negative effect on consumption. We can infer that the globalization affecting consumption can be attributed to the idiosyncratic country-specific factor, which is economic choice rather than uncontrollable global trend. Accordingly, to solve the sluggish consumption problem caused by globalization, it is necessary to require not only domestic consumption expansion policies but also the efforts to resolve economic polarization problems to be able to stimulate consumption.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
• /
• v.19 no.4
• /
• pp.585-594
• /
• 1999

The purpose of this study is to examine the concept of Greenhouse Effect as understood by middle school high school university students using a closed-form questionnaire. Based on results of the questionnaire which was administered to 619, the extent to which alternative concepts were held was quantified and compared the difference of various group based on grade level. gender, text and major. Also, subjects were divided into two groups, one is middle school students and the other is high school university students and common themes within conceptual framework of each group were identified by factor analysis. The result showed that students confused Greenhouse Effect with ozone layer depletion in stratosphere and linked familiar contamination around everyday life. acid rain. radioactive contamination, nuclear arsenal to Greenhouse Effect. These trends were more appreciable in female than male, biology major than any other major and text did not make any significant difference. In addition, the result of factor analysis showed that two groups linked familiar contamination around everyday life to Greenhouse Effect and high school university students understand the consequences of an increase in the Greenhouse Effect more systematically than middle school student, perceived the relation between the origin of an increase in the Greenhouse Effect and human activity but confused Greenhouse Effect with ozone layer depletion in stratosphere.

• Journal of ILASS-Korea
• /
• v.17 no.3
• /
• pp.140-145
• /
• 2012

Recent common-rail injector of a diesel engine needs more smaller nozzle hole to meet the stringent emission regulation. But, small nozzle hole diameter can cause nozzle coking which is occurred due to the deposits of post-combustion products. Nozzle coking has a negative effect on the performance of fuel injector because it obstructs the fuel flow inside a nozzle hole. In this study DFSS (Design for six sigma) method was applied to find the effect of nozzle design parameter on nozzle coking. Total 9 injector samples were chosen and tested at diesel engine. The results show that nozzle hole diameter and K-factor have more effect on nozzle coking than A-mass and hole length. Large hole diameter and A-mass, small hole length and K-factor give more positive performance on nozzle coking in these experimental conditions. But, a performance about nozzle coking and exhaust gas emission shows the opposite tendency. Further study is needed to find the relation between nozzle coking and emission characteristic for the optimization of injector nozzle design.

• Current Optics and Photonics
• /
• v.2 no.1
• /
• pp.47-52
• /
• 2018

We systematically investigated the negative-refraction effect for both TE and TM polarizations in annular photonic crystals. Since two polarization waves are excited in different bands, they result in different refractive angles, and so polarization beam splitters can be made of annular photonic crystals. It was found that, in comparison to normal square-lattice air-hole photonic crystals, annular photonic crystals have a much wider common frequency band between TE-1 and TM-2, which is quite beneficial to finding the overlap between the negative-refraction regions belonging to TE-1 and TM-2 respectively. Further analyses of equifrequency surfaces and the electric-field distribution of annular photonic crystals with different parameters have not only demonstrated how the filling factor of annular cells affects the formation of the common negative-refraction region between TE-1 and TM-2, but also revealed some ways to improve the performance of a polarization beam splitter based on the negative-refraction effect in an annular photonic crystal.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
• /
• v.41 no.2
• /
• pp.59-65
• /
• 2015

The extraction of third molars is a common task carried out at dental/surgery clinics. Postoperative pain is one of the two most common complications of this surgery, along with dry socket. Knowledge of the frequent risk factors of this complication is useful in determining high-risk patients, planning treatment, and preparing the patients mentally. Since the risk factors for postoperative pain have never been summarized before while the risk factors for dry socket have been highly debated, this report summarizes the literature regarding the common predictors of postextraction pain. Except for surgical difficulty and the surgeon's experience, the influences of other risk factors (age, gender and oral contraceptive use) were rather inconclusive. The case of a female gender or oral contraceptive effect might mainly be associated with estrogen levels (when it comes to dry socket), which can differ considerably from case to case. Improvement in and unification of statistical and diagnostic methods seem necessary. In addition, each risk factor was actually a combination of various independent variables, which should instead be targeted in more comprehensive studies.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
• /
• v.66 no.4
• /
• pp.32-44
• /
• 2016

The purpose of this study is to examine the cognitive responses and the corresponding behavior responses of consumers who have experiences in not being able to buy a product in an online shopping mall due to it being sold-out. Responses were gathered from 526 consumers between the ages of 20 to 40 years residing in a metropolitan area. Each person surveyed had experienced a situation in which a product that they wanted to purchase from an online shopping mall was sold-out. SPSS 18.0 was used to perform frequency analysis, factor analysis, reliability analysis, and regression analysis. The first set of results of this study showed positive responses of quality, discernment, scarcity, but also negative cognitive responses of careless management, manipulation of shopping mall management, and common taste. In negative cognitive responses, sold-out situations caused consumers inconvenience. The second set of results revealed that quality, discernment, and careless management had a significant effect on product replacement (Substitute, S); likewise, factors such as quality, discernment, careless management, manipulation by shopping mall designers, and common taste had a significant effect on the delay of purchasing decisions (Delay, D). Scarcity, careless management, manipulation by shopping mall designers, and common taste also demonstrated significant influence on the incomplete leaving of stores (Incomplete Leave, L1), while discernment, scarcity, careless management, manipulation by shopping mall designers, and common taste had a significant influence on the complete leaving of stores (Complete Leave, L2). Previous studies have examined the behavioral response topics of substitute, delay, and leave. These study results suggest that product sellouts at online shopping malls did not have a solely negative effect on consumers. It actually had a positive effect in terms of discernment, scarcity, and the perception of quality of sold-out products. Furthermore, both positive and negative cognitive responses had various effects on behavioral responses.