• 무역상무연구
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• 제69권
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• pp.589-616
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• 2016

The reviewing of an analysis of the Korea-China FTA due to guidance introduced for the new regulations or exceptional regulations compared to the KORUS, Korea-EU, Korea-ASEAN FTA. Commodity sectors in the Korea-China FTA and the KORUS, Korea-EU, Korea-ASEAN FTA(the majority in the country and trade criteria analysis result) compared and analyzed the results, rules of origin and the customs clearance procedures of origin, preferential tariff rate of origin and the origin preferential specific rules are somewhat difference, but customs and trade facilitation regulations are already quite consistent with the Korea customs system. Relatively important research results were as follows. First, the calculation of the regional value content in KORCHINA FTA is that I'm to use the deduction method can comprehensively reflect a regional value ratio, with respect to the materials acquired originating status as the FTA in the US and EU use the product non it's not to consider the value of the originating materials originating materials can be utilized for intermediate goods. Second, even if a non-treaty country in the middle with the exception of direct transport rules, and acknowledge the country of origin are under customs control, there are provisions for the period are temporarily stored in a non-treaty countries separately, that period goods imported into the non-treaty countries and up to three months from the day. If the situation of the occurrence of force majeure be greater than three months, but has so exceed six months. Third, the materials acquired originating status in the Korea-China FTA not to consider the value of non-originating materials used in its products as the KORUS FTA and Korea-EU FTA, that can be utilized originating materials for intermediate goods. It is expected that higher utilization of rules of origin. Meanwhile, Korea-China FTA has provisions to allow requests for preferential tariff applied on imports Customs declaration of intention to apply pre-condition for a preferential tariff applied to the importer. In other words, if the import customs tariff preference when applying post-intention not to advance is to be noted that any preferential treatment to prevent the later application.

• 디자인학연구
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.127-136
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• 2003

세계는 점차적으로 각 나라에 대한 정체성, 각 단체에 대한 정체성, 개인에 대한 정체성을 추구하고 있으며, 그 정체성이 타문화 또는 타 단체와 차별되는 특징을 갖는 고유 디자인을 요구하고 있다. 또한 캐릭터를 비롯한 만화, 애니메이션, CF등 캐릭터 관련 산업들이 곳곳에서 대두되면서 개개인의 개성을 부각시킬 수 있는 마스코트 개념의 캐릭터 개발이 요구되었다. 이러한 개인의 정체성을 표현한 캐릭터를 포함한 캐릭터 관련 상품 시장을 'Individual Character" 산업이라 명하고, 본 연구는 위 산업을 위한 차별적 특징을 갖는 디자인으로 한국적 소재를 사용하여 마스코트 또는 수호천사 개념으로 "Individual Character"를 개발하였다. 본 연구는 이를 개발하기 위해, 한국의 전통 주술 문양을 분석하고, 캐릭터 산업 및 국내외 전통 문양 소재의 캐릭터 조사를 통해 12지를 소재로 한 캐릭터를 하나의 인격을 갖는 형태로서 line art 캐릭터, 오방색 2D 캐릭터, 글자 '||'&'||' 그림 3D 캐릭터, 3가지 형태로 개발하였다. 이 3타입의 캐릭터들은 유형별 전략을 모색한 후 각각 캘린더, 도자기, 금속, Animation Source, 생활 용품, 악세사리 등 각종 상품에 적용 개발하였다. 상품 적용은 line art, 2D, 3D 타입에 대한 상품 적용을 목적으로 Re-design을 하여 적용하였으며, 금속, 지류, web, 도자 등 각 소재별 표현제약을 고려하여 각 상품을 유형별로 개발하였다. 본 연구는 이를 통해 전통주술 문양을 소재로 한 "Individual Character"가 한국적 디자인 창출을 통한 문화적 정체성과 독창성을 발굴할 수 있었으며, 캐릭터 산업에 "Individual Character"라는 개념을 새롭게 적용하여, 한 가지 소재로 다원화된 캐릭터를 개발하며, 소비자 대상에 따른 각종 상품에 적용을 시도하였다.

• 산경연구논집
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• 제9권12호
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• pp.45-53
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• 2018

Purpose - The purpose of the study was to investigate operation system of current convenience store and competing retail store and to find out development of unattended convenience store. Operators can save labor cost and solve labor seeking when opening shop under suitable environment and commerce area, and assure of employee's safety. Customers are allowed to select commodity comfortably without disclosure of face and to shorten standby time at simple store opening, buying and paying and to produce convenient living environment by financing, delivery and goods control. This study examined effect and problems of operation of existing and unattended convenience store from point of view of visual merchandising to find out model of unattended convenience store and to strengthen competitiveness of convenience store business. Research design, data, and methodology - Research procedure of accomplishment of goal of the study was: The study investigated state of distribution business, and role and definition of VMD. First, VMD played an important role of promotion and competitiveness of unattended convenience stores. Second, the author investigated research and cases of unattended convenience stores 14 months, that is to say, from August 15, 2017 to October 15, 2018. Third, the author investigated on-the-spot three of common convenience stores, three of unattended convenience stores and three of retailers one month, that is to say, June 1, 2018 to July 1, 2018. The subject was convenience stores and retailers selling similar type of products at Seoul and metropolitan area. Results - Layout, selling place, brand identity, goods assortment, authentication system, product information cognition and control, buying and payment system, security system, salesmen, promotion and other services should be improved from point of view of merchandising. Structure, furniture, lighting, voice, façade, VP, PP, IP and POP should be developed. Conclusions - Unattended convenience stores saved operating cost and lessened labor and gave visitors convenience and comfortable shopping and made use of resources effectively. Further studies with quantitative analysis shall find out strategic conditions for promotion of unattended convenience stores.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.606-614
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• 2016

포화상태인 국내 공간정보산업시장을 확장하기 위해서는 해외 진출이 필수적이나, 현재의 공간정보산업 해외 진출은 시장 확장에 한계를 보이고 있다. 또한, 공간정보산업의 해외진출 전략은 국내-해외 공간정보산업을 동시에 고려하여 해외진출 전략의 실효성을 담보해야 한다. 이러한 공간정보 산업현황에서 공간정보 오픈플랫폼은 매우 중요한 역할을 할 것으로 보여 진다. 이에 공간정보 세계시장에서 국내 공간정보산업이 수출 경쟁력 확보를 위해 본 연구에서는 그 방안의 하나로 공간정보 오픈플랫폼 기반의 패키지 상품 모형 개발 연구를 진행하였다. 먼저 공간정보산업 해외진출 현황 및 특징을 파악하였고, 상품으로서의 공간정보 오픈플랫폼을 파악하기 위해 해외 수요와 공간정보 오픈플랫폼과의 관계를 도출하고 판매 대상 및 방법을 제시하였다. 이와 같은 내용을 기반으로 공간정보 오픈플랫폼을 활용한 융 복합 패키지 수출 기본 전략을 수립하고 상품의 기본 개념, 구성 요소를 설계하였다. 수출대상국 수요 지향적 전략, 공간정보 오픈플랫폼 기반 전략, 국내기업 연계-통합형 전략으로 구분하여 오픈플랫폼 기반 융 복합패키지 상품 기본모형까지 설계하였고, 이러한 융 복합 패키지 상품 구성에 따라 공간정보 관련 기업의 해외 진출 촉진을 기대할 수 있다.

• 해양환경안전학회지
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• 제27권6호
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• pp.775-782
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• 2021

여수항 묘도수도는 위험물 정제품을 운반하는 위험화물운반선의 주요 선박통항로로 이용되고 있다. 현재 묘도수로에서는 단독통항만을 허용하고 있고 통항 속력 또한 8노트로 제한되어 있다. 이로 인하여 위험물 정제품 부두에서의 체선료 또한 증가 추세에 있다. 향후 다수의 위험물 정제품 부두의 개발로 인하여 대상해역의 이용선박은 더욱 대형화되고 선박통항량 또한 증가될 것으로 예상하고 있다. 따라서 묘도수로를 이용하는 선박의 안전성 확보 및 체선료 개선을 위해서 묘도수로의 개선이 시급한 시점이다. 본 연구에서는 묘도수로의 해상환경 분석 및 해역 이용자 의견수렴 과정을 통하여 묘도수로의 개선안을 제시하였으며, 항만설계기준 검토 및 선박조종 시뮬레이션 평가를 통하여 항로 폭을 300m로 확장하고 수심 9.50m로 확보하는 방안을 최종적으로 제시하였다. 또한 해상교통혼잡도 평가 결과 현재 단독통항만이 허용되고 있는 상황에서 피크타임 해상교통혼잡도는 71.01%에서 교행이 허용되는 상황에서도 47.3%로 크게 개선되는 것으로 평가되었다. 제시한 묘도수로 개선방안에 따라 대상해역에서의 선박 통항안전성을 확보할 수 있으며, 체선료 문제 또한 개선될 것으로 판단되었다.

• 한국중재학회지:중재연구
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.233-266
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• 2005

The world trading system has been under many changes in recent years. One notably important development is that much attention away from the multilateralism-oriented World Trade Organization towards FTA(Free Trade Agreement). The Free Trade Agreement signed between korea and chile formally have been come effective for free trade in goods and services as from April 1, 2004. During Free Trade Agreement negotiations between both countries. This study aims at presenting the suggestion for the Korea to make the WTO rules and FTA by analyzing The interpretation of FTA under WTO System. It was founded by the investigation of WTO rules, most of the provisions are similar with other FTA, but a little provisions different from other FTA's. It is an appearance from the contracting party's peculiar circumstances such as state of industrial development or future prospect, conditions around international trade. The whole world has entered the new stage of bilateral and multilateral FTA. The essential or new generation or bilateral and multilateral FTA is creating more trade opportunities, promoting all factors, commodity, service, capital, technology and talent freely flow through canceling the trade barriers between FTA, in order to develop together within the regions. It shows that the cooperations transfer form the whole region into FTA. FTA makes not only the free trade smooth ,but also takes place the trade distortion effect. especially as the agriculture has a speciality each country, should it is ignored in negotiation, many reactions will be occurred in the process of fta Therefore Korea needs to deliver the message that Korea's hub is an essential ingredient for an efficient FTA and WTO system in a bilateral and multilateral win-win framework. Consequently Korea should have criterions about the rules of FTA and WTO system for peculiar circumstances of Korean economy and international trade.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제47권
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• pp.107-123
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• 2002

This paper is intented to present a information of various aspects of quality related characteristics and standards for grades in maize. Maize is world's one of the three most popular cereal crops and a primary energy supplement and can contribute up to 30, 60, and 98% of the dairy diet's protein, net energy, and starch, respectively. Maize is also processed into industrial goods by wet or dry milling. Sweet corn is a leader among vegetable crops and its production for fresh or processing markets is a major industry in many countries. Over the years, the combined efforts of breeders and geneticists, biochemists, food scientists, and others have helped bring us to the point where we understand issues related to sweet corn quality. Traditional criteria for selecting corn hybrids have been based primarily on agronomic factors, including grain production, disease resistance, drought tolerance, and storage characteristics. Little emphasis has been placed on the quality and nutritional values of corn. Although there is widespread interest for value-enhanced corns have increased tremendously in the last five years, there is limited information available on the production and comparing the quality attributes of specialty grains with those of normal yellow dent corn. Most countries have developed national maize standards, aiming to provide a framework for trade, both internal and external. Where trading involves direct choice and price negotiation in front of the commodity, grading standards are rarely employed; quality is assessed visually and is influenced by end-use, and the price is determined more by local rather than national factors. The use of an agreed standard will provide an unambiguous description of the quality of the consignment and assist in the formation of a legally-binding contract. Standards can also be seen to protect consumers rights through setting limits to the amount of unsuitable or noxious material.

• 복식
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• 제63권5호
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• pp.72-86
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• 2013

This research aims to analyze the expressive characteristics of the fashion illustration in various fashion products such as clothing, accessories, other fashion products, and magazine advertisements. Targeting 223 items of products that had adjoined fashion illustration from 2000 to 2008, which had been collected through from magazines and web sites using the fashion illustration expression categorization (expression technique drawing style, body expression, expression image, attaching method to product) based on the theoretical background and the general trends by products. In frequency analysis results, painting technique and graphic technique were of great importance in the expression technique, and shading drawing and contour drawing were of great importance over all product groups for the drawing style. In body expression, exaggerative expression was the highest; simple expression and realistic expression were of great importance over all product groups relatively. In particular, there was a very distinct difference by fashion products in expression image. Humor image has the most importance in fashion clothing and fashion accessories. Casual image is the most important in magazine advertisements, and feminine image is the most important for other fashion products. Lastly, in attaching method to products, finished goods printings made up the largest proportion over all products. In fashion clothing, textile printings was the highest in proportions. Stitch in fashion accessory, the original form of commodity in other fashion products. This study will become a very valuable source in fashion products development using fashion illustrations.

• 한국ITS학회 논문지
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.122-134
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• 2020

승용차의 자율주행 뿐만 아니라 교통정체 효과 개선, 연료절감, 화물차 운행의 안정성 개선을 위해서 여러 대의 화물차가 하나의 군집을 구성하여 운행하는 화물차 군집주행이 국내외에서 활발하게 연구가 진행되고 있다. 단일 차량 운행에 비해서 군집차량 운행은 군집 내 차량한 대의 돌발상황으로 인하여 군집내의 모든 차량의 사고로 이어질 수 있기 때문에 실제 운행에 앞서서 더 많은 신중이 요구된다. 따라서 본 연구는 군집주행의 안전사고를 예방하기 위하여 군집주행에 적절한 화물차 및 화물의 종류에 대해서 검토하였다. 검토 결과, 차량의 종류의 경우 낙하물 사고를 사전에 예방하기 위해서 폐쇄형 화물차가 적절한 것으로 판단된다. 또한 화물의 종류의 경우, 액체류와 산업안전보건기준에 관한 규칙에서 정의하는 위험물질들은 군집주행에 배제하는 것이 필요할 것으로 사료된다.

• 한국철도학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국철도학회 2006년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.1029-1036
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• 2006

South and North Koreas are putting forth efforts to overcome the distrust and animosity of the past 50 years to open an era of harmony and cooperation where the two halves can work together for mutual benefits. As part of those efforts, both parties are working now to reconnect the railways between the North and the South that remained broken for the past 60 years. In addition, the restoration of Trans-Korean railway paves the way for the "Silk Road Railway" which links European continent to Asian regions and Pacific Rim. The restoration project acts as a conduit for cooperation within in the Northeast Asian continent, hence, an important tool for facilitating peace and prosperity within the Northeast Asian region. Notably, the Railway project is regarded as the cardinal future-oriented peace building project for cultivating constructive, cooperative relations (Trans-Korean Railway and Trans-Asian Railway works) by stimulating human resources and commodity flows through railroad transportations. Northeast Asian region takes on a similar instance to the unification of European continent through its astounding development in railroad transportation, i.e., the international re-construction of Railroad lines will act as a catalyst to link Eurasian areas into one regional community for cooperation and peace. At present, the government is creating a momentum to bind trans-Eurasian railroad works and an initiative for "Northeast Asia Railroad networks and consultative organization". The South Korean administration paves the way to develop railroad network within South-North Korean, Russia and Eurasian region. It also fosters railroad cooperation with China for people and goods transports. To achieve such objectives, the project requires wide publicity and cross-border cooperation from concerned countries. The blueprint would have to be drafted up for Northeast Asian railroad train demonstration runs, Northeast Asian transportation agreements, with a bid to promote constitute Northeast Asian Railroad Consultation body. Moreover, the government would also have to prepare both, a draft of the linkage and the mandated standardized proposal.