• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.28 no.5
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• pp.31-41
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• 2010

The objective of this paper is to evaluate production efficiency of the commercial road freight transportation industry using quarterly actual data by individual truck drivers from January 2005 to September 2009. In addition, this study analyzes various impact factors that influence production efficiency, including regulatory factors (e.g., entrust management system and multi-level transactions). For this purpose, this study uses data envelopment analysis and a truncated Tobit model. As a result, production efficiency of the general freight sector is higher than those of the other two sectors. Also, production efficiency in the steel goods sector ranks the highest; meanwhile, production efficiency in the oil goods sector ranks the lowest. In particular, production efficiency indicators of the commercial road freight transportation industry fluctuate with time by a small margin, and have an upward tendency on the whole. Finally, some policy implications are given to promote production efficiency of the commercial road freight transportation industry.

• Journal of the Architectural Institute of Korea Structure & Construction
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• v.35 no.7
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• pp.187-195
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• 2019

In December 2015, The Paris Agreement was adopted to undertake ambitious efforts to combat climate change. Korean government announced its goal of reducing the country's greenhouse gas emissions by up to 37% below business as usual projections by 2030 in 2015. The purpose of this study was to set up the calculation methodology of GHG emission($CO_{2e}$) in building sector and to estimate the annual GHG emission in building sector based on national energy consumption statistic. The GHG emission from buildings is about 135.8 million ton $CO_{2e}$ as of 2015, taking up about 19.6% of Korea's entire emission and is about 144.7 million ton $CO_{2e}$ in 2017. The GHG emission of building sector is increasing at annual rate of 2.0% from 2001 to 2017. The GHG emission from electricity consumption in buildings is 91.8 million ton $CO_{2e}$ in 2017, is the highest $CO_2$ emission by energy source. The results show that the intensity of GHG emission of residential building sector is $40.6kg-CO_{2e}/m^2{\cdot}yr$ and that of commercial building sector is $68.4kg-CO_{2e}/m^2{\cdot}yr$.

• Informatization Policy
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.44-67
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• 2017

Commercial properties are gaining importance in the national economy, drawing more and more interests from agencies and individuals. Therefore, objective and accurate investment information needs to be supplied in order to support rational decision making and market transparency. To contribute to guiding the Korean commercial property market to become as transparent and competitive as the markets of developed countries, this study aims to seek for ways to establish a Korean commercial property information framework. As part of the activities to achieve the goal, the Korean commercial property market information was first evaluated in terms of data collection, production and operation. Then, US NCREIF, which is operated by the private sector, and Singapore's URA, managed by the public sector, were considered as the examples of well-managed foreign commercial property market information frameworks. Efficient management of the system requires establishing a monitoring scheme, and users' accessibility and information availability will be enhanced through phased expansion of the information.

• The Transactions of The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
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• v.63 no.12
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• pp.1627-1636
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• 2014

In real-time electricity price environment, the energy management system can provide the significant advantage to the residential, commercial and industrial customers since it can reduce the electricity charge by controlling the load operation effectively in response to time-varying price. However, the earlier studies for load management mainly focus on the residential and commercial customers except for the industrial customers because most of load operations in industrial sector are intimately related with production schedule. So, it is possible that the inappropriate control of loads in industrial sector causes huge economic loss. In this paper, therefore, we propose load control algorithm for factory energy management system(F-EMS) to achieve not only minimizing the electricity charges but also maintaining production efficiency by considering characteristics of load operation and production schedule. Considering characteristics of load operation and production schedule, the proposed load control algorithm can reflect the various characteristics of specific industrial customer and control their loads within the range that the production efficiency is maintained. Simulation results show that the proposed load control algorithm for F-EMS leads to significant reduction in the electricity charges and peak power in industrial sector.

• Land and Housing Review
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.117-126
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• 2012

The purpose of this paper is to analysis spatial locations for public sector's development of mixed-use complex. The results of analysis of location characteristics and public sector's participation conditions are as follows. The central commercial district of new town, surroundings of new railway station, and old town center are likely to be appropriate in the case of a functional mixed-use considering acceptable use in accord with mixed-use complex. Development potential is also high at places such as railway adjacent area in old town and relocation of downtown improper facilities including previous three cases. And development of various size such as lot, block and district can be applied at central commercial district of new town, center and subcenter of old town, surroundings of new railway station. The result of analysis of public sector's participation conditions is appropriate in central commercial district of new town by public sector, relocation of downtown improper facilities and old site of transferring public facilities. They can be contribute to grow up new town by public-private partnership and to improve urban circumstances and publicness by development old site coupled with new site of transferring public facilities.

• Journal of Information Technology Services
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.87-95
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• 2008

The Law of effective building and operation for the information systems took effect at Dec. 2005. Every government and public agency have to build own enterprise architecture(EA), sometimes it's called the Information Technology Architecture(ITA), by this law. The Ministry of National Defense(MND) built the enterprise architecture(EA) during 2006. 12$\sim$2007. 11 by this law too. We knew the specific characters of the public sector thru the EA project. The public sector is less active than commercial sector and most members of the public sector are just looking on the project as a spectator. So the most of key for the success of EA is how to catch the Sponsorship and Participation of members. In this paper we propose the effective building methodology for the Enterprise Architecture of public agency applying the MND-EA. The other governments and public agencies can build own the EA easily by the proposed methodology.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.43-56
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• 2009

The concept causing all the fuss is "the utility computing or the usage-based IT service", which now represents the future for IT asset in all aspects of the way they work in business, the commercial and public sector. The core of "utility computing or usage-based IT service" is changing the IT assert from "ownership" to "borrowing", which enables managers to get greater utilization of data-centre resources at lower operating costs. This trend is spreaded in public sector centering the Governmental Internet data Center of Korea(NCIA). So, it has need to make an usage-based IT service model that is suitable for public sector. In this paper, we propose the usage-based IT service model that is composed of IT service framework, service pricing model and IT service architecture.

• KDI Journal of Economic Policy
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• v.41 no.1
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• pp.43-58
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• 2019

Since 2009, electricity consumption has developed a unique seasonal pattern in South Korea. Winter loads have sharply increased, and they eventually exceeded summer peaks. This trend reversal distinguishes these load patterns from those in the USA and the EU, where annual peaks are observed during the summer months. Using Levene's test, we show statistical evidence of a rise in temperature but a decrease in variance over time regardless of the season. Despite the overall increase in the temperature, regardless of the season there should be another cause of the increased demand for electricity in winter. With the present study using data from 1991 to 2012, we provide empirical evidence that relatively low electricity prices regulated by the government have contributed significantly to the rapid upward change in electricity consumption, specifically during the winter months in the commercial sector in Korea.

• Solar Energy
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.17-26
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• 1997

Since PESC(passivated emitter solar cell) was developed in 1985, high efficiency silicon solar cell technology based on planar technology has been improved in the order of PERC, Point Contact Solar Cell, PERL. BCSC and DSBC, which do not require photolithography, are expected to replace commercial screen printed cells because of its potential for low cost and high efficiency. In this paper, history and characteristics of each type of cells are reviewed.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.81-95
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• 2020

The main objective of this research is to investigate the impact of board size and board composition on financial performance of banks. The sample of this study consists on two countries listed bank sector Pakistan and China. The annul data is used from 2009-2018 to find the objective of this study. The Panel regression model is used to check the relationship between dependent and independent variables. Return on Asset and Return on Equity is used as performance checker dependent variables. The results of this study confirm board size coefficient value positive for ROA and negative for ROE but shows insignificant behavior for Pakistani banking sector while in Chinese banking sector the coefficient value of board size positively for ROA and ROE at 10% level. The board composition coefficient shows the negatively significant with ROA but insignificantly related to ROE for Pakistani banking sector. However, in Chinese banking sector the coefficient value of board composition is insignificant for both ROA and ROE. This study is helpful for banks, management of banks, policy makers, researcher as well as Government.