• The Bulletin of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.44 no.2
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• pp.57.4-57.4
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• 2019

BITSE is a project of balloon-borne experiments for a next-generation solar coronagraph developed by a collaboration with KASI and NASA. The coronagraph is built to observe the linearly polarized brightness of solar corona with a polarization camera, a filter wheel, and an aperture door. For the observation, the coronagraph is supported by the power distribution unit (PDU), a pointing system WASP (Wallops Arc-Second Pointer), telemetry & telecommand system SIP (Support Instrument Package) which are developed at NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center, Wallops Flight Facility, and Columbia Scientific Balloon Facility. The BITSE Command and Data Handling (C&DH) system used a cost-off-the-shelf electronics to process all data sent and received by the coronagraph, including the support system operation by RS232/422, USB3, Ethernet, and digital and analog signals. The flight software is developed using the core Flight System (cFS) which is a reusable software framework and set of reusable software applications which take advantage of a rich heritage of successful space mission of NASA. The flight software can process encoding and decoding data, control the subsystems, and provide observation autonomy. We developed a python-based testing framework to improve software reliability. The flight software development is one of the crucial contributions of KASI and an important milestone for the next project which is developing a solar coronagraph to be installed at International Space Station.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.15 no.11
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• pp.4449-4454
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• 2014

Aim: Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) have been considered as a risk factor for many cancers. We conducted this meta-analysis to clarify the association between H. pylori infection and the risk of pancreatic cancer. Methods: We searched the Medicine/Pubmed and Embase databases, studies about the association between H. pylori infection and pancreatic cancer published up to Jan.2014 were included. Finally, a total of 9 studies were used for this a meta-analysis. The odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence interval (95%CI) of H. pylori infection on pancreatic cancer with respect to control groups were evaluated. Two authors independently assessed the methodological quality and extracted data. This meta-analysis was conducted using software, state (version 12.0) to investigate heterogeneity among individual studies and to summarize the studies. Using the fixed-effects or random-effects model, depending on the absence or presence of significant heterogeneity. Sensitivity analysis was performed to assess the influence of each individual study on the pooled ORs by omitting a single study each time. Publication bias was evaluated by funnel plot, using Egger's and Begg's tests. Results: There was no significant association between H. pylori infection and pancreatic cancer risk in the summary ORs,(OR=1.06, 95%CI: 0.74-1.37) through the random-effect method, but heterogeneity among studies was significant ($I^2$=58.9%), so we put the studies into two subgraphs (eastern and western). The results about western (OR=1.14 95%CI:0.89, 1.40) showed heterogeneity among the western countries of $I^2$=6.6%, with no significant association between Hp+ and pancreatic cancer, but the eastern countries (OR=0.62, 95%CI:0.49, 0.76), $I^2$=0, suggested that decreasing pancreas-cancer risk in subjects with Hp+ infection. Simultaneously, 7 studies examined CagA+ strains was (OR=0.84 95%CI:0.63, 1.04), $I^2$=36% with the random-effect method, subgraphs indicated that CagA+ could decrease the risk of pancreatic cancer in the eastern subjects (OR=0.66, 95%CI:0.52-0.80), but the association was not statistically significant in the western subjects (OR=0.95, 95%CI:0.73, 1.16). Conclusion: Hp+ and CagA+ infection are associated with a decreased risk of pancreatic cancer in eastern populations but have no significant associations in western countries.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.409-417
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• 2013

Mu-communication board supported by multi-communication is designed with Atxmega 128A1 which is a low power energy consuming of 8-bit microcontroller. ATxmega128A1 microcontroller consists of 8 UART(Universal asynchronous receiver/transmitter) ports which can be setting appropriate user interface having command line interpreter(CLI) program with each port, 2 kbytes EEPROM, 128 kbytes flash memory, 8 kbytes SRAM. 8 URAT ports are used for the multi communication modem, GPS module, etc. and EEPROM is used for saving a configuration for program running, and flash memory of 128 kbytes is used for storing a Firm Ware, and 8 kbytes SRAM is used for stack, storing memory of global variables while program running. If we uses the hybrid communication of path optimization of VHF, TRS and CDMA to remote control AtoN(aid to navigation), it is able to remove the communication shadow area. Even though there is a shadow area for individual communication method, we can select an optimum communication method. The compatibility of data has been enhanced as using of same data frame per communication devices. For the test, 8640 of data has been collected from the each buoy during 30 days in every 5 minutes and the receiving rate of the data has shown more than 99.4 %.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.40 no.1
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• pp.45-54
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• 2002

Field trials evaluating selected commercially available mosquito traps variously baited with light, carbon dioxide, and/or octenol were conducted from 18-27 September 2000 in a malarious area near Paekyeon-ri (Tongil-Chon) and Camp Greaves in Paju County, Kyonggi Province, Republic of Korea. The host-seeking activity for common mosquito species, including the primary vector of Japanese encephalitis, Culex tritaeniorhynchus Giles. was determined using hourly aspirator collections from a human and propane lantern-baited Shannon trap doting hours when temperatures exceeded $15^{\circ}C$. The total number of mosquitoes and number of each species captured during the test was compared using a block design. Significant differences were observed for the total number of mosquitoes collected, such that, the Mosquito MagnetTM with octenol > Shannon trap > ABC light trap with light and dry ice > Miniature Black Light trap (manufactured by John W. Hock) $\geq$ New Jersey Trap > ABC light trap with light only. Significant differences in numbers collected among trapes were noted for several species including: Aedes vexans (Meigen), Anopheles lesteri Baisas and Hu. An. sinensis Weidemann, An. sineroides Yamada, An. yatsushiroensis Miyazaki. Culex pipiens pallets Coquillett L., Cx. orientalis Edwards and Cx. tritaeniorhynchus. Host-seeking activity for most common species showed a similar bimodal pattern. Results from these field trap evaluations can significantly enhance current vector and disease surveillance efforts especially for the primary vector of Japanese encephalitis, Cx. tritaeniorhunchus.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.21-28
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• 2001

Major deficiencies of current automation scheme including various robots for bioproduction include the lack of task adaptability and real time processing, low job performance for diverse tasks, and the lack of robustness of take results, high system cost, failure of the credit from the operator, and so on. This paper proposed a scheme that could solve the current limitation of task abilities of conventional computer controlled automatic system. The proposed scheme is the man-machine hybrid automation via tele-operation which can handle various bioproduction processes. And it was classified into two categories. One category was the efficient task sharing between operator and CCM(computer controlled machine). The other was the efficient interface between operator and CCM. To realize the proposed concept, task of the object identification and extraction of 3D coordinate of an object was selected. 3D coordinate information was obtained from camera calibration using camera as a measurement device. Two stereo images were obtained by moving a camera certain distance in horizontal direction normal to focal axis and by acquiring two images at different locations. Transformation matrix for camera calibration was obtained via least square error approach using specified 6 known pairs of data points in 2D image and 3D world space. 3D world coordinate was obtained from two sets of image pixel coordinates of both camera images with calibrated transformation matrix. As an interface system between operator and CCM, a touch pad screen mounted on the monitor and remotely captured imaging system were used. Object indication was done by the operator’s finger touch to the captured image using the touch pad screen. A certain size of local image processing area was specified after the touch was made. And image processing was performed with the specified local area to extract desired features of the object. An MS Windows based interface software was developed using Visual C++6.0. The software was developed with four modules such as remote image acquisiton module, task command module, local image processing module and 3D coordinate extraction module. Proposed scheme shoed the feasibility of real time processing, robust and precise object identification, and adaptability of various job and environments though selected sample tasks.

• KIPS Transactions on Software and Data Engineering
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.107-116
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• 2016

Industrial robots have been usually controlled using text-based programming languages provided by each manufacturer with its button-based TP(Teaching Pendent) terminal. Unfortunately, when we consider that people who manipulate TPs in manufacturing sites are mostly unskilled with no background knowledge about computer programming, these text-based programming languages using button-based interaction on manufacturing sites are too difficult for them to learn and use. In order to overcome the weaknesses of the text-based programming language, we propose a visual programming language that can be easily used on gesture-enabled devices. Especially, in our visual programming environment, each command is represented as a block and robots are controlled by stacking those blocks using drag-and-drop gestures, which is easily learnable even by beginners. In this paper, we utilize a widely-spread device, Tablet PC as the gesture-enabled TP. Considering that Tablet PC has limited display space in contrast to PC environments, we designed different kinds of sets of command blocks and conducted user tests. Based on the experiment results, we propose an effective set of command blocks for Tablet PC environment.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.36 no.3
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• pp.263-270
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• 2003

Objectives : To identify the factors related to awareness, treatment, and control of hypertension in a Gwacheen population. Methods : This study surveyed 1,176 Gwacheon residents older than 40 years, and measured blood pressure using a standardized guideline in 1999. The study subjects were 473 adults (175 males, 295 females) with hypertension defined as a systolic blood pressure $\geq$140 mmHg, diastolic blood pressure $\geq$90 mmHg or reported treatment with antihypertensive medication. Information on awareness, treatment, and control of hypertension, and sociodemographic and health-related factors .was collected through person-to-person interviews with a structured questionnaire. Results : Overall, 252 (53.3%) of hypertensive subjects were aware of their condition, of whom as many as 193 (76.6%) were being treated, and 81 (42.0%) had their blood pressure controlled at the recommended level (<140/90 mmHg). However, of the 473 subjects found to have hypertension, only 40.8% were being treated, and 17.1% were under control. There were no significant differences in the proportions of awareness, treatment, and control of hypertension. In multiple logistic regression models, awareness of hypertension was positively associated with age and family history of hypertension in females. Control of hypertension was also positively associated with haying a partner and marital status in females.. Conclusion : These findings demonstrate that much greater efforts on improving awareness, treatment, and control of hypertension are needed, even in urban community settings, considering related factors such as a9e, family history, and marital status. However, these factors should be further investigated for their causal relationship.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.11-15
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• 2011

In this paper, a methodology for the power control of a wind turbine, which is the variable-speed and variable-pitch (VSVP) control system, is introduced. This control methodology maximizes the capability of the turbine to extract maximum power from the wind in the regions with low wind speeds. Further, it regulates the wind-turbine power as the rated power in the case of the regions with high wind speeds. A simple drive train model is used to design the VSVP control system. The methodology for VSVP control is mechanized by controlling the generator torque and blade pitch. Finally, some simulation results for the VSVP control to a MW wind turbine are discussed in this paper.

• Journal of Satellite, Information and Communications
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.16-24
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• 2006

As a multi-mission GEO satellite, COMS system is being developed jointly by KARI, ETRI, KORDI, KMA, and industries from both abroad and domestic. EADS ASRTIUM is the prime contractor for manufacturing the COMS. ETRI is developing the COMS Ka-band payload and SGCS with the fund from MIC. COMS Satellite Ground Control System (SGCS) will be the only system for monitor and control of the satellite in orbit. In order to fulfill the mission operations of the three payloads and spacecraft bus, COMS SGCS performs telemetry reception and processing, satellite tracking and ranging, command generation and transmission, satellite mission planning, flight dynamics operations, and satellite simulation, By the proper functional allocations, COMS SGCS is divided into five subsystems such as TTC, ROS, MPS, FDS, and CSS. In this paper, functional design of the COMS SGCS is described as five subsystems and the interfaces among the subsystems.

• Journal of Institute of Control, Robotics and Systems
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• v.21 no.5
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• pp.421-426
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• 2015

Need to develop human body's posture supervised robots, gave the push to researchers to think over dexterous design of exoskeleton robots. It requires to develop quantitative techniques to assess human motor function and generate the command to assist in compliance with complex human motion. Upper limb rehabilitation robots, are one of those robots. These robots are used for the rehabilitation of patients having movement disorder due to spinal or brain injuries. One aspect that must be fulfilled by these robots, is to cope with uncertainties due to different patients, without significantly degrading the performance. In this paper, we propose chattering free sliding mode control technique for this purpose. This control technique is not only able to handle matched uncertainties due to different patients but also for unmatched as well. Using this technique, patients feel active assistance as they deviate from the desired trajectory. Proposed methodology is implemented on seven degrees of freedom (DOF) upper limb rehabilitation robot. In this robot, shoulder and elbow joints are powered by electric motors while rest of the joints are kept passive. Due to these active joints, robot is able to move in sagittal plane only while abduction and adduction motion in shoulder joint is kept passive. Exoskeleton performance is evaluated experimentally by a neurologically intact subjects while varying the mass properties. Results show effectiveness of proposed control methodology for the given scenario even having 20 % uncertain parameters in system modeling.