• 한국의류학회지
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• 제20권6호
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• pp.983-991
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• 1996

This study focusses on how the skirt or slacks wearing habit affects the female physiology in her daily life. The healthy female college students have been trained to wear either skirt (group A) or slacks (group B) from late August to early January in order to study the effects of clothing habit on thermoregulatory responses. Also, the themoregulatory responses have been compared the healthy students groups with a physical trained students group (group C) to examine the effects of clothing habit. The changes in body temperatures of students have been studied under the cool environmental condition (15$\pm$1$^{\circ}C$, 60$\pm$5% RH, 0.25 m/sec). The results were as follows: 1. Rectal temperature of the group A was 0.4$^{\circ}C$ lower at 36.9$^{\circ}C$ than that of the group B The groups A and B were found identical before the training, while the groups A and C were identical after the training. 2. Mean skin temperature of the group A was 1.2$^{\circ}C$ lower than that of the group B. The groups A and C were identical after the training. 3. The thermal sensation was reflected to be cool by the group A and to be cold by the group B. As for the humidity sensation, the group A felt average, whereas the group B reported between average and slightly humid. In the case of comfort sensation, the group A felt average, while the group B felt between average and slightly uncomfortable. In summary, the 18 weeks of training has provided the skirt group an improved acclimatization to the cold environment . This group also showed an insulative-hypothermic adapta lion in a cold ambient temperature, as was the case for the physical trained group. It is concluded that wearing a skirt for a long period of time can be helpful to human body through gaining of thermoregulatory abilities.

• 한국의류산업학회지
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• 제8권5호
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• pp.597-603
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• 2006

This study was aimed to find out the problems of wearing flame-proof clothing and to analytically assess functional working-clothes, thus to propose a new design. We carried out a questionnaire with workers in the field and evaluated the facility for wearing, the sensation of wearing and clothing microclimate in the environmental chamber. We found out the problems were in the parts of neck, armpits, armhole, sleeve, crotch and suspenders. Thermal sensation, wet sensation and comfort sensations were evaluated to be 'hot', 'wet' and near to discomfort', respectively. Therefore, improvement of movement and air permeability is needed. If we can add gusset on armpit for air permeability, this gusset will enable to enlarge the surface in armpit area and finally give a movement efficiency. We suggested several new partly modified design for flame-proof clothing which can be applied to other protective clothing for improvement. This must be further considered in the ergonomic evaluation of new proposed functional working-clothes as well as in the suggestion of design.

• 한국의류산업학회지
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• 제17권6호
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• pp.988-995
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• 2015

Gaps between the upper edges of brassiere mold cups and the breasts are one of the most serious issues in realizing comfort wearing of commercial brassieres for small-breasted women. The surplus ease amounts causing the fit problem were measured from 3D wearing images of the small-breasted women's brassieres. The effect after the removing the surplus ease amounts from the upper edge of mold cup was approved by subjective wearing evaluation. Since the volume distribution of mold cup can also affect the wearing sensation of brassiere, the subjective wearing sensation was compared for two brassieres of different volume distributions, V_L, of which volume was concentrated at the lower cup, and V_C, which has the thickest part at the nipple. As the results, the suitable sensation for cup volume and the natural wearing silhouette could be accomplished by removing the surplus ease amounts from the upper edge of mold cup to reduce the gaps between brassieres and the breasts, which could be accomplished through an approach reducing the volume near the upper edge of mold brassiere cup and making the volume concentrated at the lower cup. These works provide a useful information on the design of the brassiere mold cups for small-breasted women. Moreover, modeling methods of 3D scan data and 3D printing technique for making more accurate mold cases used in this research can be helpful to develop and evaluate clothing products in future.

• 한국지역사회생활과학회지
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.583-589
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• 2013

This study was to provide the information for optimum utilization of the air-conditioning system in the human health and energy saving perspective. Subjects were 17 male and female college students(7 males and 10 females) with normal weight. They wore a short sleeved shirt, knee length trousers, socks, and underwear(0.4clo). They were asked to choose the preferred temperature from different environmental temperatures($28^{\circ}C$, $25^{\circ}C$). The physiological responses were measured and the subjective sensation was voted during the step changes of environmental temperature, starting at $28^{\circ}C$ to $25^{\circ}C$ with $1^{\circ}C$ decrease every 20 minutes. The preferred temperature was $25.9{\pm}0.4^{\circ}C$ for males and $26.9{\pm}0.2^{\circ}C$ for females at $28^{\circ}C$ and $24.8{\pm}0.6^{\circ}C$ for males and $25.6{\pm}0.1^{\circ}C$ for females at $25^{\circ}C$. The preferred temperature decreased about $1.3^{\circ}C$ while the environmental temperature changed $3^{\circ}C$. During the environmental step changes, mean skin temperature decreased more in females while the oxygen uptake and rectal temperature were kept constant for both males and females. We found the preferred temperature was affected by the exposed temperature and the thermal sensation in the condition. Subjects preferred a lower environmental temperature when they were exposed to a lower temperature with cooler sensation. Therefore, in the perspective of human health and energy saving, it is recommended to start setting the air-conditioning temperature higher than the preferred temperature.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제41권3호
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• pp.446-457
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• 2017

This study surveys the usage and satisfaction of car seat covers, analyzes the satisfaction and luxuriousness of materials used and provides basic data on optimum car seat covers that improve consumer satisfaction, stability, and comfort, while driving. The survey was conducted on 150 people in their 20s to 60s with a car. Consequently, achromatic colored car seat covers were used most and the satisfaction with black was very high. Interior & exterior harmony and the pursued car image were considered important, this consumer psychology impacted the color selection for car seat covers. The satisfaction reasons were different according to materials. Genuine leather was highly regarded in interior & exterior harmony (20.8%), excellent seat sensation (17.7%), excellent tactile sensation (11.5%), and luxuriousness (8.5%). For artificial leather, interior & exterior harmony (16.5%) and easiness of stain removal (13.6%) was rated high and fabric had excellent seat sensation (12.3%) and economics (10.8%). The material, heated and ventilated device affected car seat cover satisfaction. The luxurious image of car seat covers was pursed and was perceived mainly with a sense of sight. Luxury car seat covers were mainly created with materials. Genuine leather and black car seat covers increased luxuriousness. For car seat covers, those with flexibility, excellent compressive elasticity, and thickness were perceived as luxurious.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제44권6호
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• pp.1037-1052
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• 2020

This study evaluates the comfort and suitability of safety clothing. We made three safety clothes 'y', 'lg', 'lgH'. Only 'y' made with fluorescence fabric has passed International Standards (ISO 20471). A wearing test investigated the physiological response and subjective sensations at 30℃ and 50% RH, six men participated. Mean skin temperature and tympanic temperature showed significant difference with experimental course (p<.05). The micro-temperature (Tm) showed significant differences between three garments on the thigh (p<.01). When wearing 'lg', Tm was the highest. Micro-humidity indicated the interaction between clothing and the experimental course on the chest with no significant difference; however, there was a low tendency when wearing 'lgH' after the second half of exercise. The sweat rate indicated a significant difference between 'lg' and 'lgH' at 20 minutes of exercise (p<.05). Three sensations showed significant differences with the time (p<.01), there was also a tendency to feel hotter and more humid when wearing 'lg'. Skin sensation showed significant differences between pre-experiment and post-experiment (p<.05), 'y' was the most preferred. The 'lg' with long-sleeved currently worn in Korea tended to feel hotter, more humid and more uncomfortable than 'y'. It indicates that there is room for improvement in Korean safety clothing.

• 대한설비공학회지:설비저널
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• 제16권6호
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• pp.590-605
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• 1987

The purpose of this study was to investigate thermal environmental factors, thermal clothing properties, and thermal sensation of the office workers in four selected office buildings in Seoul, and to determine the effect of thermal environmental factors and clothing insulation to the thermal sensation of the subjects. The subjects selected from each office were 5 males and 5 females at a time. Thermal environmental factors(DBT, GT, RH, MRT, $ET^{\ast}$) and clothing variables such as clothing weight per body surface $area(g/m^2)$ and estimated clothing insulation values(clo) were significantly different among each seasons(p<0,001). Means of $ET^{\ast}$ and estimated clothing insulation values of each season were as follows; Winter; $20.84^{\circ}C$ $ET^{\ast}$ with 0.72 clo for male and 0.79 clo for female Spring and fall; $23.65^{\circ}C$ $ET^{\ast}$ with 0.59 clo for male and 0.68 clo for female Summer; $26.00^{\circ}C$ $ET^{\ast}$ with 0.47 clo for male and 0.53 clo for female. In comparison these data with ASHRAE Standard, the subjects were predicted to feel comfort-able in spring and fall, and slightly hot in summer and slightly cold in winter because of high and low clo respectively. But the result of this survey showed more than $80\%$ of the occupants were thermally comfortable at a given environmental temperature and clo.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제47권5호
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• pp.839-852
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• 2023

This study examined personal protective clothing, specifically the D (M, L, XL) and C (L, XL, 2XL) levels with high sales rates. The goal was to collect essential data for developing Korean personal protective clothing. There were eight and twelve patterns for the D-level and C-level, respectively. While the pattern dimensions were similar, the chest and waist circumferences (relaxed) were larger in the C-level, and the waist (extended), hip, upper arm circumference, and total lengths were larger in the D-level. The D-level wear sensation worked well for average-sized Koreans in their twenties, but the C-level caused discomfort in multiple areas, such as the face, arms, armpits, hips, crotch, thighs, and knee during movement. Consequently, this region required pattern adjustments and resetting for improved comfort. The grading rules were 10 cm in the chest, waist, and hip circumference, regardless of the level, with slight differences in other parts depending on the levels. Thus, manufacturers should establish new grading rules to suit the Korean body shape.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제38권1호
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• pp.73-86
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• 2014

Persimmon juice dye-printed fabrics with printing were used for a Galot one-piece dress. The Galot dress was assessed in comparison to a white undyed one-piece dress of the same design through a wearing test conducted in a climatic chamber with an air temperature of $30{\pm}1^{\circ}C$, $50{\pm}5%$ R.H, and 0.2m/sec air movement on 4 healthy female subjects in their 20s. The subjects went through a 30-min stable period, a 30-min exercise of walking on a $5^{\circ}$ slope treadmill at 70m/min period, and a 20-min recovery period. In addition, a physiological reaction and subjective sensation were estimated. The results showed that significant differences were mostly observed from a sweating period that occurred during the latter half of the exercise. More specific results are as follows. First, skin temperature on the chest and mean skin temperature were significantly higher (p<.01) in rayon dyed sample dresses. Second, micro-humidity on the back showed a significant difference (p<.01). Both cotton and rayon persimmon juice dyed sample dresses produced lower microhumidity than their counterparts and as for cotton the difference occurred over the entire experimental period; however, it occurred after the middle of the exercise period for rayon. Third, the sweating rate on the back decreased in both cotton and rayon with persimmon juice dye but no significant difference was observed. Fourth, subjective three sensations revealed significant differences between cotton and rayon (p<.01), indicating that the subjects felt more cool, dryer and more comfortable in a cotton Galot. As described above, the analysis of physiological responses and the subjective sensation of undyed and dyed clothing shows the effect of persimmon juice dyeing. Persimmon juice dyeing also seemly increased air permeability, moisture regain and permeability facilitating body heat ventilation, as micro-humidity and sweat rate were lowered. However, this was not shown consistently in subjective responses on comfort especially when wearing rayon dresses.

• 한국감성과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국감성과학회 1998년도 춘계학술발표 논문집
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• pp.255-263
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• 1998

Dust-free garment prevents contamination which otherwise is caused by skin and clothes to protect from dust or dirt. Therefore, it requires high performance and should function as a working clothes. Clothes are a medium between human and thermal environmental system, and it is required to study human enviroment to ensure comfortableness of clothes and to satisfactorily go along with enviroment .This study investigates the physical and physiological features of dust-free garment used in the clean room at a semiconductor factory in oredr to scientifically clarify what the dust-free garmint is as well as to contribute to the design and development of high performance material and clothes. Three kinds of dust-free fabrics (DFG-I, DFG-II, DFG-III) which are being developed by a local company are used to manufacture dust-free garment. These dust-free garments are dressed and tested in such an enviroment as similar to semiconmemts with temperature at 23${\pm}$1$^{\circ}C$ and humidity at 50${\pm}$5%RH in order to investigate the thermo physiological and psychological features of human body. The results of this study are as follows. The results of this study are as follows. 1.The mean skin temperature was significantly different among the clothes, subjects and experimental time. Temperature tends to rise from the time of exercising load. Continuous motion coupled sealed clothes prevents heat transmittance, and temperature rises in the order of DFG-l, DFG-ll and DFG-lll as time course. 2.As for the skin temperature by local timperature is minimun on the head and torso and increares remarkably at the terminal part of human body. 3. As for the body mass loss was significantly higher in DFG-lll than DFG-l and DFG-ll. 4. Though there is no significant difference in the temperature within clothes among the kind of clothes temperature is 1$^{\circ}C$ higher in the back. Temperature within all the dust-free garments 29.7$^{\circ}C$ in the back and 31.3$^{\circ}C$ in the chest which belong to the comfort zone(31-33$^{\circ}C$). The relative humidity is 39.7%RH in the chest and 33.8%RH in the back which is slightly below the comfort zone(40-60%RH) 5. The thermal sensation belong to the comfort zone regardless of the kinds of clothes. The subjects feels a slight fatigue as times goes. As for the subjective sense of subjects the mean skin temperature as well as temperature and humidity within clothes show similar tendency. This means that they relate with each other.