• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.531-537
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• 2000

The simple microgel electrophoresis of single cells, a 'comet assay', on fruit seeds enabled the rapid identification of irradiated fruits by comparing the intact non-irradiated cells and the damaged cells of irradiated fruits. Grapes and plums were irradiated with 0.1, 0.5, 0.7, 1.0 kGy and strawberries, peaches, apples, and nectarines were irradiated with only 1.0 kGy. Seeds were isolated, crushed, and the suspended cells were embedded in an agarose layer. After lysis of the cells, they were subjected to microgel electrophoresis for 2 minutes, and then stained. The DNA radiation-induced fragmentation of all the fruits stretched and migrated out of the cells forming a tail toward the anode giving the appearance of a comet, while the undamaged cells appeared as intact nuclei without tails. Grape and plum seeds irradiated at 0.5 kGy and higher showed significant increases in tail length. With increasing the irradiation doses, longer extention of the DNA from the nucleus toward the anode was observed. Strawberry, peach, apple, and nectarine seeds irradiated with 1.0 kGy also showed the longer tails than non-irradiated ones. DNA comet assay as a rapid and inexpensive screening technique could be an officially validated method for the detection of irradiated fruits.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.29 no.5
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• pp.843-848
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• 2000

The single cell-gel electrophoresis assay (comet assay) was used to identify irradiated beans. Soy beans, kidney beans, and red beans were irradiated with $^{60}Co$ gamma rays at 0.1, 0.3, 0.5, 0.7, and 1.0 kGy. Beans were peeled out, crushed lightly, and treated with phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) to extract cells. The extracted cell suspension was mixed with agarose gel solution and spread on an agarose precoated slide. After lysis of the cells, they were subjected to microgel electrophoresis for 2 minutes, and then silver-stained. We found that the DNA fragments of the irradiated samples were stretched, migrated out of the cells, and formed tails towards the anode giving the appearance of comets, while the unirradiated or the undamaged cells formed very short or no tails. The tail lengths of irradiated samples were significantly increased as irradiation dose increased at the above 0.3 kGy.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• v.37 no.3
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• pp.245-251
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• 2010

Objective: Human sperm nucleus DNA damage may negatively affect pregnancy outcome, and the spermatozoa of infertile men have more DNA damage than that of fertile men. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of microsurgical varicocelectomy on human sperm nucleus DNA integrity. Methods: We reviewed the medical records of 18 subfertile male patients who underwent microsurgical varicocelectomy at our hospital from April 2006 to April 2007. Varicocele was diagnosed by physical examination and Doppler ultrasound. Standard semen analysis was performed in 18 patients before and 4 months after microsurgical varicoceletcomy using a computer assisted semen analyzer. Sperm nucleus DNA integrity was assessed by a single-cell gel electrophoresis (comet assay). Results: No recurrence of varicocele was observed after 4 months later. The DNA fragmentation index improved after varicocelectomy compared with pre-operatively (19.3 versus 13.7%, respectively, p<0.05). Semen analysis parameters (total count, concentration, motile sperm, viability, strict morphology) increased after varicocelectomy, but the difference did not reach statistical significance. Conclusion: Our data suggest that microsurgical varicocelectomy can improve semen analysis parameters and human sperm nucleus DNA integrity in infertile men with varicocele.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Gas
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• v.16 no.6
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• pp.7-16
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• 2012

Combustion Toxic Effects among several factors of risk encountered during fire are important in the evacuation and final survival, and they are broader and fatal than the direct damages caused by flame. Most studies on fire toxicity until the present are limited to fatality, mainly deaths by fire through pathological research. In this study, it is conducted as a fundamental experiment to address 3 principles of animal experiment and to provide an alternative test to animal testing that is regulated by national building codes and it was conducted through approval by the animal testing ethics committee. Hence, in this study average time of activity stop was measured after directly inhaling toxic gases (HCN) to laboratory animals (mice) through gas toxicity test (KS F 2271) for major asphyxiating gases(HCN) which are produced during fire combustion. effects of Combustion toxic gases on body were quantitatively analyzed through changes in internal organs and hematological analysis, and electrophoresis of a single cell of these laboratory animals. Biological conclusion of combustion toxicology is drawn through approaches (pathological examination, blood test, blood biochemical test, electrophoresis analysis of single cell) which could not confirmed in existing gas toxicity test.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.37 no.6
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• pp.701-707
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• 2008

Antidiabetic effect of Korean red ginseng (RG) processed by puffing in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic (DM) rats was investigated. Five week-old SD rats were divided into four groups; normal control (NC) group, DM group, red ginseng (RG) group and puffed red ginseng (PG) group. The RG and PG groups were orally provided with RG or PG dissolved in water (500 mg/kg) respectively for seven weeks after single injection of STZ (50 mg/kg, i.v.) followed by identification of DM. NC group received saline vehicle instead of STZ. At the end of feeding of RG or PG, the changes of fasting blood glucose, serum insulin and amylase level and serum lipid profiles were evaluated. Also, oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), comet assay and histopathological examination were performed. At 7th week, the fasting blood glucose levels of the RG and PG groups were reduced compared to the DM group by 11.54% and 20.22%, respectively. The result of OGTT did not show significant differences among DM and two red ginseng groups. While serum insulin and TG levels were predominantly improved in PG group (p<0.05), serum amylase level was increased in RG group. Alkaline comet assay for checking the oxidative damage of DNA showed that TL (tail length, ${\mu}m$) and TM (tail moment) in the blood lymphocyte of PG group significantly decreased in contrast with DM group. Histopathological results of pancreas showed that destruction of exocrine as well as endocrine might be cured by the administration of RG and PG. These results suggest that PG could exert more protection against STZ-induced toxicity than RG group.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.545-551
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• 2012

Due to the use of polymeric materials in construction materials, the fire combustion gases that occur in the fire are various. The one of combustion gases, HBr is measured to evaluate the toxicity of the combustion gases in the FTP Code Part 2, Standard NES 713 and Standard BS 6853. According to the MSDS, Inhalation of HBr gas especially cause burn, respiratory dysfunction, headache, etc. The people who are exposed to 50ppm of HBr gas, very irritant gas may also frequently result in both immediate death and post-exposure deaths due to pulmonary complications. In this paper, we conduct a research on the combustion toxicity of HBr gas hazardous test which is motility measurement of the mice exposed to the HBr standard gas comparing the biological analysis result.