• Smart Media Journal
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• v.13 no.6
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• pp.54-61
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• 2024

Recently, due to the increase in domestic and international online e-commerce platforms and the increase in container traffic at domestic ports, the operating ratio of large trucks has increased, and the number of truck fires is continuously increasing. In particular, spontaneous combustion is the most common cause of truck fires. Various academic approaches have been attempted to prevent truck fires, but due to the lack of research on the spontaneous tire ignition phenomenon that occurs during braking, this research directly designed and manufactured an experimental device to establish an environment similar to the braking system of a truck. A non-contact temperature sensor was installed on the brake device of the experimental device to collect temperature data generated from the brake device. Based on the data collected from the temperature sensor of the brake device and the temperature sensor on the tire surface, the ARIMA model among the time series prediction models was used to Appropriate parameters were selected to suit the temperature change trend, and as a result of comparing and analyzing the measured and predicted data, an accuracy of over 90% was obtained. Based on this, a plan was proposed to reduce the rate of fires in trucks by providing real-time warnings and support for truck drivers to respond to overheating phenomena occurring in the braking system.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.28 no.6
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• pp.139-147
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• 2011

Objectives : In this research, relatively the characteristic in the combustion according to the brands of the commercial indirect moxibustion is compared and the commercial indirect moxibustion is standardized and this result tries to be provided as necessary basic data. Methods : After adhering to the agarose gel surface in which the thermocouple is inserted, 6 kinds of commercial indirect moxibustion were burnt off and the burning behaviour of the commercial indirect device and heat quantity of stimulus was compared. Results : 1. The form of combustion did not have a difference in 6 kinds of commercial indirect moxibustion combustion. 2. As to the miximum temperature, 'Seoam' and 'Dongbang' was higher than 'Baekryoung' and 'Taeyang'. 3. It was long so that the highest temperature reaching time of 'Seoam' could note in comparison with the other brands. And the highest temperature reaching time of 'Baekryoung' was short to note in comparison with the other brands. 4. As to the quantity of heat stimulus, 'Seoam' was the biggest and 'Baekryoung' was the smallest. 5. The quantity of heat stimulus of 'Dongbang' was the most stable. Conclusions : In this research, relatively the form of combustion of 6 kinds of commercial indirect moxibustion and heat quantity of stimulus were compared. It desires to anticipate the result that it makes the skin.

• Journal of Hydrogen and New Energy
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.183-190
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• 2012

The research shows the experiment results according to the combustion characteristics and configuration of the linear generator of powerpack for the generating power applying the 2-stroke compact linear engine. The powerpack used in this paper consists of 2-stroke linear engine, linear generator and air compressor parts. For identifying the combustion characteristics and generating power of linear engine, some parameters were varied sucha as electric load, fuel input calorie, spark timing delay and equivalence ratio. Also generating power was confirmed at each operation conditions, when the air gap length of linear generator part was changed as each 1.0 mm and 2.0 mm. During the all operations, intake air was inputted under the wide open throttle. Mass flow rate of air and fuel was changed using mass flow controller, after these were premixed by premixture device, and then premixed gas was supplied directly into each cylinder. As a result, piston frequency and combustion characteristics were different at each conditions according to parameters affecting the combustion such as fuel input calorie, resistive load, spark timing delay and equivalence ratio. Consequently, these had an effect on generating power.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.31-43
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• 1987

This study was performed to develop a hot water boiler system with small scale automatic rice hull furnace for the multi-purpose use in the farm. For the experiment a prototype hot water boiler system with rice hull furnace was fabricated, which was equipped with automatic hull feeder, igniter and ash removal device. Optimum operational conditions of the prototype: system were analyzed. The results arc summarized as follows. 1. The temperature measured right above the burning surface should be higher than $500^{\circ}C$ combustion. 2. The top zone of the combustion chamber was the most suitable location of the thermocouple to pick up the control temperature for the automatic operation of the rice hull furnace. 3. The content of carbon monoxide in the flue gas was increased with the filling height of burning material but it was less than 0.3 percent in volume in this experiment. When the filling height was expressed as the ratio of rice hull feed rate to the volume of the combustion chamber above the burning surface, the optimum ratio was about $150kg/m^3-h$. 4. The combustion efficiency of the prototype was higher than 95 percent when the feed rate was 1.1 to 2.3 kg/h and moisture content of rice hull was 22.4 percent (w.b.) or less. 5. It was estimated that the optimum operational conditions of the system were 1.3 to 2.0 kg/h in feed rate, 70 to 100 percent in excess air and 500 to $510^{\circ}C$ in control temperature. 6. The efficiency of coil heal exchanger increased with a decrease in feed rate of rice hull. When the rice hull feed rates were 1.1, 1.7 and 2.3 kg/h, the efficiencies of coil heat exchanger were about 34, 30 and 25 percent and heat transfer rates were 5.7, 7.6 and 8.8 MJ/h, respectively. When the flat plate heat exchanger was used in addition to the coil heat exchanger, the efficiency of the heat exchanger system increased to 48 percent.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Gas
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.15-20
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• 2011

Although CNG is able to meet the current emission standards, it is expected to be impossible to satisfy the requirements of the next EURO-6 emission regulation without an additional after-treatment device. Hydrogen is known to be a gaseous fuel which features the wide flammability limit and the fast reactivity. A certain amount of hydrogen addition to CNG is able to extend the lean combustion range and produce lesser amounts of harmful emissions. In this research, the combustion and emission characteristics of HCNG(mixture of Hydrogen and CNG) fuel were experimented in an 11-liter heavy duty lean burn engine varying hydrogen contents, air-to-fuel ratio and spark timing. The optimization of this HCNG engine for a city bus was performed through the evaluations of oxidation catalyst characteristics.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Aeronautical & Space Sciences
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• v.47 no.8
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• pp.599-606
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• 2019

The pulse gun device is designed to identify the transverse pressure wave propagation/damping mechanism into the combustion flow field and in the combustion chamber according to the arrangement of multiple injectors. The manufactured pulse gun was tested to verify operability at the target combustion pressure and control of the pressure wave intensity. Gas nitrogen was used to pressurize the high-pressure tube and an OHP film of $100{\mu}m$ thickness was used for the diaphragm. To check the speed and intensity of the pressure waves, the dynamic and static pressure were measured using the pressure transducer. The performance test confirmed that the manufactured pulse gun can generate pressure waves with transverse characteristics that can be controled for strength depending on the supply pressure.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Geothermal and Hydrothermal Energy
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.12-21
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• 2022

Steam assisted gravity drainage(SAGD) is a process that drills well in the underground oil sands layer, injects hightemperature steam, lowers the viscosity of buried bitumen, and recovers it to the ground. Recently, direct contact steam generator(DCSG) is being developed to maximize steam efficiency for SAGD process. The DCSG requires high technology to achieve pressurized combustion and steam generation in accordance with underground pressurized conditions. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a combustion technology that can control the heat load and exhaust gas composition. In this study, process analysis of high-pressurized DCSG was conducted to apply oxygen enrichment technology in which nitrogen of the air was partially removed for increasing steam production and reducing fuel consumption. As the process analysis conditions, methane as the fuel and normal air or oxygen enriched air as the oxidizing agent were applied to high-pressurized DCSG process model. A simple combustion reaction program was used to calculate the property variations for combustion temperature, steam ratio and residual heat in exhaust gas. As a major results, the steam production efficiency of DCSG using the pure oxygen was about 6% higher than that of the normal air due to the reducing nitrogen in the air. The results of this study will be used as operating data to test the demonstration device.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.35-39
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• 2012

This paper analyzes the combustion diffusion pattern when a water purifier is artificially ignited outside and inside in order to provide data to examine the cause of fire of a water purifier damaged by fire. The analysis result of the combustion diffusion pattern of a water purifier shows that the combustion diffused at a higher speed when it was ignited inside the purifier than when ignited outside. It took approximately 360 seconds for the water purifier to be half-burned when ignited on the outside, and approximately 180 seconds when ignited from inside. That is, it is thought that the internal combustion speed is higher because the internal ignition causes the generated heat to be accumulated and radiated instantly. It was observed that the water purifier damaged by fire caused by external ignition showed a uniform carbonization pattern and the carbide burned down at the bottom were gradually deposited. The water purifier damaged by internal ignition showed a relatively clear boundary of carbonized surface, which formed a V-pattern. The difference in the combustion patterns presents an objective base from which to determine where the fire started. By the time the purifier was half-burned by fire, the built-in fuse had not melted and the power supply protection device did not operate. In addition, as was found in the case of the fuse damaged by a general fire, carbonization occurred at the metal holder, and it is thought that this fact may be used as a basis from which to determine the cause of a fire.

• 한국가스학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2003.05a
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• pp.69-74
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• 2003

• 한국연소학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2015.12a
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• pp.321-322
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• 2015

Thermoelectric power generation has emerged as a promising alternative technology because it offers a potential application in the direct conversion of waste heat into electric energy. The performance of thermoelectric power generator depends on thermoelectric materials and thermoelectric power module designs. The main objective of this study is to design a 100W thermoelectric generation (TEG) module and to get optimal operating conditions of the module. The design and performance of the TEG module will be presented.