• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.12 no.6
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• pp.1017-1021
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• 2002

A novel antibacterial metabolite, ARK42, was elated from a xerophilic fungal strain K42, and Identified as Aspergillus repens based on its morphological characteristics. The metabolite exhibited antibacterial activities towards Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus cereus, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, with MICs of 25, 12.5, and $3.125{\mu}g/ml$, respectively, and killed Pseudomonas aeruginosa with minimal bactericidal concentration (MBC) of $12.5{\mu}g/ml$. Furthermore, anticancer activities were demonstrated against human colon cancer DLD- 1 and lung cancer LXFL529 cells with an $IC_50$ of 10 and $1{\mu}g/ml$, respectively.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.100-107
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• 1998

Methanol extracts of five Berberidaceae species were examined against tissue factor inhibitory and tumour cell growth inhibitory activity. Methanol extracts of Berberis koreana Palibin showed a strong cytotoxicity activity against SK-MEL-2 (Melanoma) tumour cell lines with more than 90% in $25{\mu}g/m\ell$ and against A549 (Lung carcinoma), SK-OV-3 (Ovarian cancer), XF498 (CNS cancer) and HCTl5 (Colon cancer), other Berberidaceae species except B. koreana species have no effect on the tumour cells. Biologically active compound, therefore, was isolated through the activity guided fractionation and purification. The structure was confirmed by NMR. FT-IR and MS to 2-(3,4-dihydroxybenzyl)-ethyl alcohol. It showed cytotoxicity activity against SNU-C4 tumour cell lines with 50.7% in $50{\mu}g/m\ell$. Methanol extracts of 5 Berberidacae species have no effect on the tissue factor inhibitory activity.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Laboratory Science
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• v.55 no.1
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• pp.37-44
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• 2023

Enterotoxigenic Bacteroides fragilis (ETBF) has been reported to promote colitis and colon cancer through the secretion of B. fragilis toxin (BFT), a zinc-dependent metalloprotease. In colonic epithelial cells, BFT induces the cleavage of E-cadherin into the 80 kDa ectodomain and the 33 kDa membrane-bound intracellular domain. The resulting membrane-tethered fragment is then cleaved by γ-secretase forming the 28 kDa E-cadherin intracellular fragment. The 28 kDa cytoplasmic fragment is then degraded by an unknown mechanism. In this study, we found that the 28 kDa E-cadherin intracellular fragment was degraded by the proteasome complex. In addition, we found that this sequential E-cadherin cleavage mechanism is found not only in colonic epithelial cells but also in the human breast cancer cell line, BT-474. Finally, we report that staurosporine also induces E-cadherin cleavage in the human breast cancer cell line, MCF7, through γ-secretase. However, further degradation of the 28 kDa E-cadherin intracellular domain is not dependent on the proteasome complex. These results suggest that the BFT-induced E-cadherin cleavage mechanism is conserved in both colonic and breast cancer cells. This observation indicates that ETBF may also play a role in the carcinogenesis of tissues other than the colon.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.29 no.11
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• pp.1227-1234
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• 2019

Prunus mume, also known as maesil, is a popular fruit consumed in East Asia (Korea, Japan, and China). It contains high amounts of organic acids, minerals, and polyphenols and has been used as a medication for fever, vomiting, and detoxification. In this study, the anti-proliferative and apoptotic effects of solvent fractions from maesil were evaluated using sulforhodamine B (SRB) assays, morphological evaluations, Hoechst 33258 staining, and western blotting. Addition of the maesil methanol fraction (MMF) and the maesil butanol fraction (MBF) significantly and dose-dependently decreased the cell viability of HT-29 human colon cancer cells. Colony-forming assays confirmed that the MMF and MBF treatments decreased colony numbers when compared with untreated control cells. Treatment of HT-29 cells with MMF and MBF caused a distortion of the cell morphology to a shrunken cell mass. Treatment with MMF and MBF also dose-dependently increased nuclear condensation and the formation of apoptotic bodies in HT-29 cells. Treatment with MMF and MBF significantly and dosedependently increased the expression of Bax (a pro-apoptotic protein), caspase-3, and poly ADP-ribose polymerase (PARP) and decreased the expression of Bcl-2 (an anti-apoptotic protein). MMF significantly and dose-dependently inhibited cell proliferation induced by bisphenol A, an environmental hormone. Therefore, MMF may have potential use as a functional food and as a possible therapeutic agent for the prevention of colon cancer.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.33 no.6
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• pp.936-940
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• 2004

Doenjang (Korean soy paste) is one of the popular soybean based fermented foods in Korea. This study investigated the growth and DNA synthesis inhibitory effect of doenjang methanol extracts on AGS human gastric adenocarcinoma cells, Hep 3B human hepatocellular carcinoma cells and HT-29 human colon cancer cells. In order to determine an anticancer effect of doenjang methanol extracts, other soybean fermented foods and original materials were compared. The treatment of doenjang methanol extracts (200 $\mu\textrm{g}$/mL) to the AGS, Hep 3B and HT-29 cancer cells inhibited the growth of cancer cells by 80%, 77% and 86%, respectively. Compared to other soybean fermented foods and original materials, doenjang methanol extracts showed the highest growth inhibitory effect on different cancer cells. In addition, doenjang methanol extracts (200 $\mu\textrm{g}$/mL) significantly inhibited DNA synthesis of AGS and Hep 3B cancer cells by 76% and 59%, respectively. These results suggested that this anticancer effect of doenjang may be due to specific active compounds, which will be newly produced during soybean fermented process and not contained in soybean.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.7-12
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• 2005

Purpose: CKD-602, a newly developed water-soluble campthotecin analogue, is a anticancer agent which act as a DNA topoisomerase I inhibitor. CKD-602 is known as more potent and tolerable agent. The main purposes of this study were to measure the cytotoxic effect of CKD-602 on the oral cancer cell lines and to evaluate the apoptotic aspect of dead cells. Materials and Methods: To determine the cytotoxic effect of CKD-602 on the oral cancer cell lines in comparison with various cell lines, such as lung cancer and colon cancer cell lines, 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide(MTT) assay was performed. And apoptosis was analyzed using fluorescence-activated cell sorting(FACS) system. Results: CKD-602 decreased the viability of malignant cells in a dose dependent manner and in a time dependent manner. CKD-602 showed excellent cytotoxicity to the oral cancer cell lines. Also, apoptotic portion was increased in a dose dependent manner. Conclusion: These findings indicated that CKD-602 induced apoptotic cell death in the various cell lines including oral cancer cell lines. From the results, it was suggested that CKD-602 would be a potential therapeutic agent for the oral cancer. More successive researches on the anticancer effect of CKD-602 should be performed.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.44 no.4
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• pp.635-640
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• 2015

Various medicinal plants were collected, air-dried, and subjected to extraction with ethanol. Ethanol extracts were screened for their efficacies as antioxidative and antiproliferative agents against cancer cells. Among the 15 species, extract of Lindera glauca Blume stem with a total polyphenolic content of $70.99{\pm}1.88{\mu}g/TAE\;{\mu}g$, was found to possess high DPPH radical scavenging ($IC_{50}=30.54{\pm}0.62{\mu}g/mL$), nitrite scavenging ($IC_{50}=787.94{\pm}89.28{\mu}g/mL$), and reducing power activities ($595.76{\pm}1.90{\mu}g/mL$). The antiproliferative activities of plant extracts were determined using MTT assay in human colorectal cancer cells. Extracts of stems and roots from L. glauca Blume were found to possess high anti-proliferative activities in HT-29 and HCT116 cells ($IC_{50}=711.52{\pm}40.27{\mu}g/mL$ and $IC_{50}=85.07{\pm}4.06{\mu}g/mL$, respectively). These results suggest that L. glauca Blume extract could be a useful natural antioxidant and anticancer resource.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.35 no.5
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• pp.516-523
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• 2006

The mushroom Inonotus obliquue (IO) has been traditionally used for the treatment of gastrointestinal cancer in Russia, Poland, and most of Baltic countries. To explore the possibility that IO has chemoprevention effects, we examined whether or not the aqueous extract of IO inhibits HT-29 cell growth and investigated tile mechanism for this effect. Cells were incubated in the presence of increasing concentrations of the aqueous extract of IO. The extract substantially inhibited the viable HT-29 cell number in a dose-dependent manner and inhibited 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine incorporation into DNA of HT-29 cells. Annexin-V staining followed by flow cytometry revealed that the extract induced apoptosis of HT-29 cells in a dose-dependent manner. Western blot analysis of total cell lysates revealed that the extract induced cleavage of caspase-8, -9 and -3 and poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase, but did not affect the protein levels of Bax and Bcl-2. In addition, the extract dose-dependently increased the activity of caspase-8, -9 and -3. We have demonstrated that the aqueous extract of IO inhibits cell proliferation and induces apoptosis in HT-29 cells, which may be mediated by its ability to activate the caspase pathway.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.43 no.12
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• pp.1827-1834
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• 2014

Colon cancer is the third highest cause of death in Korea. Known dietary causes of colon cancer include a diet rich in fat and red meat as well as inadequate intake of dietary fiber, fruits, and vegetables. Therefore, recent research has focused on the anticancer effects of natural products. Opuntia humifusa is a type of prickly pear that is known to contain biologically active compounds that can be used in the treatment of diabetes mellitus, arteriosclerosis, and hyperglycemia. The aim of this study was to determine whether or not O. humifusa extract affects proliferation, cell death, and DNA fragmentation in human carcinoma HT-29 cells. O. humifusa is rich in carbohydrates, minerals (Mg, K, and Ca), and total phenolics. HT-29 cells were treated with extracts of O. humifusa at concentrations of 0, 0.25, 0.5, 1, and 2 mg/mL for 24 or 48 hours. O. humifusa extracts inhibited HT-29 cell growth in a dose-dependent manner. Hoechst 33342/PI double staining and Comet assay were performed to observe changes in nuclei of cancer cells undergoing cell death. The results of both tests showed that O. humifusa extract induced cell shrinkage, DNA fragmentation, and chromatin condensation dose-dependently in HT-29 cells. The results of this study suggest that O. humifusa extract inhibits the growth of HT-29 via induction of DNA fragmentation and chromatin condensation.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.14 no.10
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• pp.5895-5900
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• 2013

Dictamnine (Dic) has the ability to exert cytotoxicity in human cervix, colon, and oral carcinoma cells and dihydroartemisinin (DHA) also has potent anticancer activity on various tumour cell lines. This report explores the molecular mechanisms by which Dic treatment and combination treatment with DHA and Dic cause apoptosis in human lung adenocarcinoma A549 cells. Dic treatment induced concentration- and time-dependent cell death. FCM analysis showed that Dic induced S phase cell cycle arrest at low concentration and cell apoptosis at high concentration in which loss of mitochondrial membrane potential (${\Delta}{\Psi}m$) was not involved. In addition, inhibition of caspase-3 using the specific inhibitor, z-DQMD-fmk, did not attenuate Dic-induced apoptosis, implying that Dic-induced caspase-3-independent apoptosis. Combination treatment with DHA and Dic dramatically increased the apoptotic cell death compared to Dic alone. Interestingly, pretreatment with z-DQMD-fmk significantly attenuated DHA and Dic co-induced apoptosis, implying that caspase-3 plays an important role in Dic and DHA co-induced cell apoptosis. Collectively, we found that Dic induced S phase cell cycle arrest at low concentration and cell apoptosis at high concentration in which mitochondria and caspase were not involved and DHA enhanced Dic induced A549 cell apoptosis via a caspase-dependent pathway.