• 대한핵의학회지
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.380-391
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• 1992

This study was designed to evaluate a direct method of $^{99m}Tc$ labeling using $\beta-mercaptoethanol$ as a reducing agent, and to investigate whether $^{99m}Tc$ labeled specific monoclonal antibody against carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA-92) can be used for the scintigraphic localization of human colon cancer xenograft. Purified CEA-92 IgG was fragmented into F $(ab')_2$ and then labeled with $^{99m}Tc$ by transchelation method using glucarate as a chelator. Labeling efficiency, immunological reactivity and in vitro stability of $^{99m}Tc$ CEA-92 F $(ab')_2$ were measured and then injected intravenously into nude mice bearing human colon cancer (SNU-C4). Scintigrams were obtained at 24 hour after injection. Then nude mice were sacrificed and the radioactivity was measured Labeling efficiency of injected $^{99m}Tc$ CEA-92 F $(ab')_2$, immunoreative fraction and in vitro stability at 24 hour of injected $^{99m}Tc$ CEA-92 F $(ab')_2$ was 45.2%, 32.8% and 57.4%, respectively. At 24 hour after injection, % ID/g in kidney (46.77) showed high uptake, but %ID/g in tumor (1.65) was significantly higher than spleen (0.69), muscle (0.16), intestine (0.45), stomach (0.75), heart (0.48) and blood (0.45). There was no significant difference between tumor and liver (1.81). Tumor contrast as quantitated by tumor to blood ratio of $^{99m}Tc$ CEA-92 F $(ab')_2$ was increased significantly (p<0.005) until 24 hours (3.70), and there was no statistical differece from tumor to blood ratio of I-131 CEA-92 F $(ab')_2$. The scintigram demonstrated localization of radioactivity over transplanted tumor, but significant background radioactivity was also noted over kidney and abdomen. It is concluded that CEA-92 F $(ab')_2$ can be labeled with $^{99m}Tc$ by a direct transchelation method using $\beta-mercaptoethanol$ as a reducing agent and $^{99m}Tc$ labeled CEA-92 F $(ab')_2$ can be used for the scintigraphic localization of human colon cancer xenograft in nude mice model.

• 한국영양학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국영양학회 2002년도 춘계학술대회
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• pp.91-91
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• 2002

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제13권10호
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• pp.5125-5129
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• 2012

Economic decision models are being increasingly used to assess medical interventions. Advances in this field are mainly due to enhanced processing capacity of computers, availability of specific software to perform the necessary tasks, and refined mathematical techniques. We here estimated the incremental cost-effectiveness of ten strategies for colon cancer screening, as well as no screening, incorporating quality of life, noncompliance and data on the costs and profit of chemotherapy in Iran. We used a Markov model to measure the costs and quality-adjusted life expectancy of a 50-year-old average-risk Iranian without screening and with screening by each test. In this paper, we tested the model with data from the Ministry of Health and published literature. We considered costs from the perspective of a health insurance organization, with inflation to 2011, the Iranian Rial being converted into US dollars. We focused on three tests for the 10 strategies considered currently being used for population screening in some Iranians provinces (Kerman, Golestan Mazandaran, Ardabil, and Tehran): low-sensitivity guaiac fecal occult blood test, performed annually; fecal immunochemical test, performed annually; and colonoscopy, performed every 10 years. These strategies reduced the incidence of colorectal cancer by 39%, 60% and 76%, and mortality by 50%, 69% and 78%, respectively, compared with no screening. These approaches generated ICER (incremental cost-effectiveness ratios) of $9067, $654 and $8700 per QALY (quality-adjusted life year), respectively. Sensitivity analyses were conducted to assess the influence of various scales on the economic evaluation of screening. The results were sensitive to probabilistic sensitivity analysis. Colonoscopy every ten years yielded the greatest net health value. Screening for colon cancer is economical and cost-effective over conventional levels of WTP8.

• Journal of Digestive Cancer Research
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.77-84
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• 2023

Dietary habits play a significant role in the development of colorectal cancer. Over the past decades, various epidemiological and meta-studies have indicated a close relationship among nutrient intake, dietary habits, and incidence of colorectal cancer. Less consumption of red or processed meat and alcohol, if possible, and high consumption of vitamins B and D, garlic, magnesium, fiber, calcium, and omega-3 fatty acids reduce the risk of colorectal cancer. Additionally, balanced diet intake and proper weight maintenance are crucial for colon cancer prevention. All these factors are modifiable and associated with the recurrence and overall survival after cancer development, thereby greatly contributing to the nutritional treatment of patients diagnosed with colorectal cancer.

• Reproductive and Developmental Biology
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• 제32권4호
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• pp.211-215
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• 2008

The HMG box containing protein (HBP) has a high mobility group domain and involved in the regulation of proliferation and differentiation of tissues. We screened HBP2 in glioblastoma using Suppression Subtractive Hybridization (SSH) and isolated human spermatogonial stem cell-like cells (hSSC-like cells) derived from patients of nonobstructive azoospermia (NOA). Expression of HBP2 was analyzed by RT-PCR in undifferentiated stem cells (human Embryonic Stem Cells, hSSC-like cells 2P) and spontaneous differentiated stem cells (hSSC-like cells 4P). It was overexpressed in hESC and hSSC-like cells 2P but not in hSSC-like cells 4P. Also, the expression level of HBP2 was downregulated in colon tumor tissues compared to normal tissues. Specifically in synchronized WI-38 cells, HBP2 was highly upregulated until the G1 phase of the cell cycle and gradually decreased during the S phase. Our results suggest that HBP2 was downregulated during the spontaneous differentiation of hSSC-like cells. HBP2 was differently expressed in colon tissues and was related to G1-progression in WI-38 cells. It may playa role in the maintenance of an undifferentiated hSSC-like cell state and transits from G1 to S in WI-38 cells. This research was important that it identified a biomarker for an undifferentiated state of hSSC-like cells and characterized its involvement to arrest during cell cycle in colon cancer.

• Journal of Microbiology
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• 제38권3호
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• pp.169-175
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• 2000

Epidemiological and experimental studies provide evidences that diet and intestinal microflora play an important role in colon carcinogenesis. In recent years, it has been suggested that lactic acid bacteria (LAB) used to ferment dairy products have an inhibitory effect on the colon cancer. This study was designed to determine the effect of Bifidobacterium longum HY8001 (Bif) and Lactobacillus acidophilus HY2104(Lac) of Korean origin on azoxymethane (AOM)-induced colonic preneoplastic lesions such as aberrant crypt foci(ACF) formation and cecal pH. At five weeks of age, Spraque-Dawley rats were divided at random into four (AOM alone, Bif, ,Lac, and Bif+Lac) groups. Animals were weighed weekly and oral administration of LAB cultures were performed daily until the termination of the study. Two weeks later, all animals were given a subcutaneous injection of AOM dissolved in normal saline at a dose of 15 mg/kg of body weight once per week for 2 weeks. All rats were necropsied 7 weeks after the last AOM injection , and the ACF were visualize under light microscopy in the formalin-fixed, unsectioned methylene blue-stained colons. The total number of aberrant crypt in Bif, Lac, and Bif+Lac groups were significantly lower than that of the AOM alone group and the percentage of inhibitions weas 35.0, 45.6%, respectively. Significant inhibition (p<0.001) in the total number of ACF was also observed in LAB treated groups (Bif , Lac, and Bif+Lac group by 3003, 38.6, and 41.2%, respectively). Furthermore, cecal pH appeared to significantly decrease by LAB administration. The results of present study provide some evidences for potential colon tumor-inhibitory properties of lactic cultures and fermented dairy products.

• Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.164-173
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• 2011

Purpose: The colorectal polyps has been regarded as a precursor of colon cancer, and the prevalence and mortality of colon cancer in Korea has increased due to westernized lifestyle and environmental factors. The purpose of this study was to investigate the characteristics and the risk factors on colorectal polyps in adults. Methods: The participants were 956 adults enrolled from health screen examinees underwent colonoscopy at the health promotion center in Seoul. Results: 49.5 percent of examinees has colorectal polyps and the most common sites were ascending colon (27.6%) and sigmoid colon (23.2%). The colorectal polyps showed a significant difference according to gender, age, and health behavior related characteristics including alcohol intake, exercise, and BMI. In male, the relative odds of having an colorectal polyps decreased as exercise (OR=1.74; 95% CI=1.01-1.04), and increased as BMI (OR=1.57; 95% CI=1.07-2.50) and age (OR=1.02; 95% CI=1.02-1.04). In female, it decreased as exercise (OR=2.49; 95% CI=1.52-4.10), and increased as age (OR=1.05; 95% CI=1.02-1.08). Conclusion: Based on the findings of this study, age and exercise were the influencing factors of colorectal polyps in health screen examinees. Therefore, effective exercise and appropriate health education program about colorectal polyps need to be developed and applied in nursing interventions to prevent colorectal polyps in the community dwelling adults.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제17권5호
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• pp.2637-2641
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• 2016

Tumor necrosis factor ($TNF-{\alpha}$), an inflammatory cytokine that plays an important role in the control of cell proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis, has previously been used in anti-cancer therapy. However, the therapeutic applications of $TNF-{\alpha}$ are largely limited due to its general toxicity and anti-apoptotic influence. To overcome this problem, the present study focused on the effect of active constituents isolated from a medicinal plant on $TNF-{\alpha}$-induced apoptosis in human colon adenocarcinoma (HT-29) cells. Nimbolide from Azadirachta indica was evaluated for cytotoxicity by methyl tetrazolium 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay and phase contrast microscopy. Effects on apoptotic signaling proteins were investigated using Western blot analysis. Nimbolide showed cytotoxicity against HT-29 cells that was significantly different from the control group (p<0.01), a concentration of $10{\mu}M$ significantly inducing cell death (p<0.01). In combination with $TNF-{\alpha}$, nimbolide significantly enhanced-induced cell death. In apoptotic pathway, nimbolide activated c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) phosphorylation, BH3 interacting-domain death agonist (Bid) and up-regulated the death receptor 5 (DR5) level. In the combination group, nimbolide markedly sensitized $TNF-{\alpha}$-induced JNK, Bid, caspase-3 activation and the up-regulation of DR5. Our findings overall indicate that nimbolide may enhance $TNF-{\alpha}$-mediated cellular proliferation inhibition through increasing cell apoptosis of HT-29 cells by up-reglation of DR5 expression via the JNK pathway.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제33권7호
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• pp.717-724
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• 2000

A number of epidemiological studies has indicated lifestyles including dietary habits are closely related to the development of certain forms of cancer. These findings have led several investigators to identify the ways in which these factors mdulate the risk of cancer. Seaweeds are rich sources of non-digestible polysaccharides which possibly posses physiological functions. In vitro studies showed several components in seaweeds inhibit tumor cell growth and mutagenicity of known food mutagens. On the other hand non-digestible polysaccharides of different food sources negatively affect mineral nutrition by decreasing mineral absorption. The objectives of this study was to investigate the effect of major seaweed intake on azoxymethane(AOM) - induced DNA damage a known cancer initiation step and on apparent absorption of calcium and iron. To accomplish these objectives twenty five ICR mice were divided into five groups and fed one of the following diets for 10 days : control diet d, diet containing 10% water-soluble fraction of seamustard or seatangle diet containing 10% water-insoluble fraction of seamustard or seatangle. AOM was injected 6 hours before sacrifice and N7-methylated guanines from the colonic DNA were quantified using a gas chromatography -mass spectroscopy. Fecal samples were collected on days 4 and 8. Caclium and iron contents of the diets and feces were analyzed using an atomic absorption spectrophotometry to determine the apparent absorption of these minerals. Results are as follows. AOM-induced guanine methylation of colon was decreased in animals fed diets containing water-soluble fractions of seamustard or seatangle compared to those in animals fed control diet although only the seatnagle fed group showed statistically significant effect. Apparent calcium absorption was significantly reduced in animals fed diets containing water-insoluble fractions of seaweeds. Iron absorption was significantly decreased and negatively balanced in animals fed diets containing water-insoluble fractions of both seaweeds, and water-soluble fraction of seatangle. In conclusion, seamustard and seatangle intakes may effectively prevent colon tumorigenesis by reducing a carcinogen-induced DNA damages, and more mechanistic studies on possible role of seaweeds on carcinogenesis are required. Also, adverse effects of seaweed diets cintaming a large amount of polysaccharides on mineral nutrition should be carefully monitored.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• 제14권6호
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• pp.391-397
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• 2010

E2F transcription factors and their target genes have been known to play an important role in cell growth control. We found that curcumin, a polyphenolic phytochemical isolated from the plant Curcuma longa, markedly suppressed E2F4 expression in HCT116 colon cancer cells. Hydrogen peroxide was also found to decrease E2F4 protein level, indicating the involvement of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in curucmin-induced downregulation of E2F4 expression. Involvement of ROS in E2F4 downregulation in response to curcumin was confirmed by the result that pretreatment of cells with N-acetylcystein (NAC) before exposure of curcumin almost completely blocked the reduction of E2F4 expression at the protein as well as mRNA level. Anti-proliferative effect of curcumin was also suppressed by NAC which is consistent to previous reports showing curcumin-superoxide production and induction of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) cleavage as well as apoptosis. Expression of several genes, cyclin A, p21, and p27, which has been shown to be regulated in E2F4-dependent manner and involved in the cell cycle progression was also affected by curcumin. Moreover, decreased (cyclin A) and increased (p21 and p27) expression of these E2F4 downstream genes by curcumin was restored by pretreatment of cells with NAC and E2F4 overexpression which is induced by doxycycline. In addition, E2F4 overexpression was observed to partially ameliorate curcumin-induced growth inhibition by cell viability assay. Taken together, we found curcumin-induced ROS down-regulation of E2F4 expression and modulation of E2F4 target genes which finally lead to the apoptotic cell death in HCT116 colon cancer cells, suggesting that E2F4 appears to be a novel determinant of curcumin-induced cytotoxicity.