• 지식경영연구
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.173-187
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• 2018

This study was aimed at suggesting an integrative framework for creating collective intelligence and enhancing group performance after reviewing previous studies including those related to learning organizations, organizational learning, knowledge management, and collective intelligence. In the first, we examined that the similarities and differences between collective intelligence and other similar concepts, such as learning organizations, organizational learning, and knowledge management. Next, an integrative framework for creating collective intelligence and channeling it into strong group performance were suggested. In this process, we reviewed conditions for creating collective intelligence and segmented the major variables as expectancy, valence, and instrumentality, according to Vroom's (1964) expectancy theory. Characteristics of problems and the roles of leaders were respectively considered as valence for inducing collaboration and expectancy for managing probability to achieve goals. Instrumental factors were also adopted from conditions for creating group intelligence suggested from several researchers, such as creativity, openness, willingness for working together, horizontal communication, centralization in decision making, and building effective information and communication technology system and active usage of it. We discussed two potentially disputable matters about the scope and level of collective intelligence and group performance and suggest several theoretical and practical implications in the Discussion.

• 디지털융복합연구
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.53-63
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• 2011

소셜네트워크를 통해 각 개인들은 정보를 공유하고, 이러한 공유된 정보와 지식을 바탕으로 집단지성은 형성되고 성장한다. 본 연구는 집단의 능력이라 할 수 있는 집단지성을 측정하고, 집단지성의 형성과정을 관찰하는 것이 목적으로, 5개의 실험집단을 형성하여 기업 경영게임을 실시하게 하였고 집단이 게임을 이용해 수행해야 하는 과업을 주었다. 또한 각 구성원간 소통할 수 있는 네트워크 공간을 만들어 주었으며, 기업경영게임을 통한 과업을 실시하는 동안 네트워크 공간에서 각 구성원간 상호작용과 피드백의 빈도 및 집단의 참여율을 관찰하였다. 연구결과 집단마다 상이한 게임성과를 얻었으며, 5개의 집단의 게임성과의 평균을 기준으로 성과가 높은 집단과 낮은집단으로 나누어 t-test한 결과 상호작용과 피드백의 빈도 및 집단지성참여에 유의미한 차이를 보였다.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.58-70
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• 2013

Iriai an Indigenous forest management system in Japan from the viewpoint of "common pool resources" was a success resilient institution and resulted with sustainable production system and environmental conservation. This study was conducted in Osawa of the Nagano prefecture through group discussions, field observations and an in-depth field survey. Osawa Property Ward Forest is managed under the concept very much similarly to traditional "Iriai". This study firstly examined the changes of collective forest management system in terms of awareness and interest in forest management; forest management activities; role of forest; and collection of forest products. Then it analyzed the current threats for collective forest management have been identified as: land abandonment due to loss of benefits and lack of active community participation; deterioration of forest environment particularly the micro-climate and aesthetic values; conflict with local government authorities restraining the use of money in property ward forest and conflict with outsiders on damping of the garbage. Community cantered forestry management rules; livelihood contribution; protection of environment; local initiatives for protection and economic activities are the prevailing opportunities for collective forest management. The main requirements for revitalization of collective forest management are explained as local reciprocity; imposition of community based forest rules; encouraging local innovations; and building partnerships with stakeholders. Collective forest management system addresses the limitations of conventional forestry models, which had invalidated traditional 'iriai' institutions, and key to restoring sustainable use of forest and environmental resources. Cross-institutional collaborations together with responsibilities of local communities would ensure the revitalization of forest resources.

• 한국병원경영학회지
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.131-161
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• 1999

This study is to analyze the reason of Breakdown of collective bargaining caused by the difference of main issue about bargaining and other factors influencing collective bargaining from the viewpoint of both labor and capital in Korean medical system. Korean medical system is facing the huge change of medical policy, so it should pursue institutional change following the change of medical system, On the contrary, the activity of labor union in medical system is more organized, activated, so understanding and cooperating on the related policy between labor and management are necessary. As the method of administration participation is collective bargaining, main issues between labor and management may lead Brwakdown of bargaining, so the author will analyze it from three viewpoints. First, the difference of recognition between labor and management due to the characteristics of hospital Secondly, the difference of recognition between labor unions due to the characteristics of hospital Thirdly, the difference of recognition between the characteristics of hospital and labor union.

• 국제학술발표논문집
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• The 3th International Conference on Construction Engineering and Project Management
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• pp.1377-1382
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• 2009

U-City related researches and development have been actively conducted in Korea since 2002. According to the Act on Ubiquitous City Construction, "U-City" is defined as "the city to provide ubiquitous service anytime anywhere through the existing ubiquitous backbone systems and ubiquitous technologies, ultimately for the purpose of improving urban competitiveness and quality of life. This research explains the plan to develop collective management technology for integrated operation of U-Space which makes up U-City. Specifically, this report is intended to suggest basic approach of identifying collective management elements of each U-Space type, developing integrated management system and creating interface module to link the system with urban integrated operation center.

• 지식경영연구
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.19-39
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• 2018

With the development of information technology, social network services (SNS) such as Facebook and Twitter became popular and many users disclose their personal and sensitive information like private story, photographs and location information through posting and sharing. Despite the privacy concerns in SNSs, individuals continue to disclose their identity online. This phenomenon is called 'privacy paradox'. The purpose of this study is to examine the role of collective efficacy on self-disclosure in SNS context and to explain privacy paradox phenomenon. Drawing upon the communication privacy management theory, research model was developed and empirically tested with cross-sectional data from 306 individuals. Results revealed that collective efficacy has a direct positive effect on self-disclosure while privacy risk is negatively related to self-disclosure. However, privacy concern is not directly related to self-disclosure. The relationship between privacy concern and self-disclosure was moderated by collective efficacy.

• 한국농촌계획학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국농촌계획학회 1998년도 임시총회 및 추계 학술논문발표회
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• pp.31-33
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• 1998

The purpose of this study is to suggest the arrangement type and the improvement of the Collective Facility Areas in Korean National Park. The process of this study consists of 3-steps. The first step is to analyze spatial patterns of each Collective Facility Area and categorize Collective Facility Areas into 3 types. In the second step, the critical issues are found in landscape management of Collective Facility Areas. Thirdly the alternative design of each case which can be applicable to the planning of the Collective facility Area is suggested.

• 노동경제논집
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.103-135
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• 2000

우리 나라 5대 재벌그룹 기업들의 노동자 경영의사결정 참가의 실정을 단체협약과 노사협의회 규정들을 중심으로 살펴본 결과 다음의 결론들을 얻었다. 첫째, 분석대상 기업들은 장기전략 수준 및 작업현장 수준의 노사관계에서 노동자들의 경영의사결정 참가가 매우 저조한 상황에 처하여 있으므로 노사관계 주체들이 경영환경이 급변하고 있는 최근의 상황에 대하여 능동적 적극적 협력적으로 대처하지 못하는 등 대처능력 부족을 심각하게 드러내고 있다. 둘째, 이들 기업에서 단체교섭 수준의 사항들에 대하여는 단체교섭 수단으로, 장기전략 수준 및 작업현장 수준의 사항들에 대하여는 노사협의회 수단이 상대적으로 많이 활용되고 있다는 점이 발견되었다. 셋째, 노사협의회를 통한 노동자 경영의사결정 참가방식으로는 좀더 대립적인 분위기를 지닌 단체교섭과 충분한 거리를 유지할 수 있는 분리형의 형태가 참가범위의 확장이라는 면에서 보다 효율적인 것으로 생각되었다.

• Journal of Information Technology Applications and Management
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.113-122
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• 2015

Collective intelligence can be an influential factor of decision-making based on collaboration and information exchange between individuals. Our study explores whether collective intelligence can mitigate the loss aversion effect, bias and error in human judgment, and collective intelligence in online communities can reduce the loss aversion effect. Our community settings display both individual-level and group-level loss aversion effect, investigate effective collective intelligence characteristics like investment commitment, participant experience. Using a multi-method approach our research comprises a web-based experiment with 100 participants investing 3 situations from a real-world community, data from a survey measuring loss aversion behavior of participants. The results suggest the loss aversion effect mitigates under the online-circumstance. Overall, our results suggest that, while collective intelligence mitigates the loss aversion effect, participants do not transfer these results to other settings.

• Journal of Information Technology Applications and Management
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.1-17
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• 2010

As web technologies evolve and so-called Web 2.0 technologies appear, collective intelligence is being applied in widespread areas. In general, mass collective intelligence like Wikipedia is created, revised, and managed by anonymous participants in an uncontrolled system. Thus, the knowledge provided by mass collective intelligence may be distorted, and may not be true, which may affect the user acceptance behavior. However, there have been few academic studies that analyzed the factors that affect user acceptance of mass collective intelligence, and their relationships. Under this academic background, we develop a model to examine how mass collective intelligence is accepted by users. The theoretical model is validated through an online survey of the Wikipedia users from three universities in Korea. The results reveal that the users will have positive attitude towards adopting mass collective knowledge when they perceive that the knowledge from mass collective intelligence is useful. We also find that the perceived usefulness of the knowledge is affected by perceived knowledge quality and trust in knowledge contributors. The results also suggest that perceived knowledge quality is determined by perceived level of collaboration, perceived objectivity, and recipient expertise, whereas trust in knowledge contributors is determined by natural propensity to trust and perceived objectivity. Theoretical and practical implications about mass collective knowledge are discussed.