• Convergence Security Journal
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.1-12
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• 2006

Malicious codes have been widely documented and detected in information security breach occurrences of Microsoft Windows platform. Legacy information security systems are particularly vulnerable to breaches, due to Window kernel-based malicious codes, that penetrate existing protection and remain undetected. To date there has not been enough quality study into and information sharing about Windows kernel and inner code mechanisms, and this is the core reason for the success of these codes into entering systems and remaining undetected. This paper focus on classification and formalization of type target and mechanism of various Windows kernel-based attacks, and will present suggestions for effective response methodologies in the categories of, "Kernel memory protection", "Process & driver protection" and "File system & registry protection". An effective Windows kernel protection system will be presented through the collection and analysis of Windows kernel and inside mechanisms, and through suggestions for the implementation methodologies of unreleased and new Windows kernel protection skill. Results presented in this paper will explain that the suggested system be highly effective and has more accurate for intrusion detection ratios, then the current legacy security systems (i.e., virus vaccines and Windows IPS, etc) intrusion detection ratios. So, It is expected that the suggested system provides a good solution to prevent IT infrastructure from complicated and intelligent Windows kernel attacks.

• The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.247-261
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• 2000

It is important for nursing faculties to try to improve their professional knowledge and skill in nursing education. Thus it is essential for them to participate in clinical training program. The purpose of this study was to identify the effect and satisfaction of faculty clinical training programs which were managed by Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education and 4 Hospitals(Samsung Medical Center, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Asan Medical Center, Yeonsei Sebrance Medical Center) in Seoul. The data collection was done from July, 1999 to December, 1999 and the 125 subjects were used for the analysis. The purpose of participation of professor to clinical training course was found that to observe of up-to-date treatment method($3.57{\pm}.60$) and to connect between knowledge and practice ($3.63{\pm}.50$). The professors were highly satisfied with 'can see the high-tech institution and facilities($3.45{\pm}.62$)' and 'can confirm in advanced nursing field and practice ($3.38{\pm}.58$)' in clinical training program. And it was found that nursing professors applied the experience of participation in clinical training program to lecture and clinial practice for students. But they were dissatisfied with 'they had no or not enough time to practice'. In conclusion, the clinical training program was useful for nursing professor to educate and instruct the students. It is suggested that the more advanced course and practical program have to be developed for nursing faculties.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.20 no.12
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• pp.60-68
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• 2019

For effective building maintenance, the collection and management of various maintenance date such as work history information and material information is required. Despite the introduction of information management technologies and systems to reduce the amount of maintenance work of buildings, which have become larger and more complex, the maintenance information is not being utilized properly. As an alternative, research on the introduction and utilization of BIM is being conducted continuously. However, the BIM models generated at the design phase are not utilized in practice due to a lack of architectural maintenance information. This study proposed a COBie document prototype to support BIM-based smart maintenance tasks performed by building managers. In order to formalize various types of maintenance work procedures, a BIM-based maintenance process model is presented in two categories: inspection and maintenance. Among the BIM attribute data of the BIM model generated at the design phase, the parameters corresponding to the maintenance necessary information for each basic process are derived. Based on this, we proposed a COBie document prototype consisting of seven spreadsheets. The results of a case study confirmed that the KBIMS library-based BIM model created at the design phase without the maintenance information can be used at the maintenance phase.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.13 no.7
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• pp.85-90
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• 2015

Purpose - Global trends play a part to change the structure of the fashion industry. In particular, companies attempting to conduct innovative marketing centering on such products as SPA brands are growing into global companies. SPA stands for "Specialty Store Retailer of Private Label Apparel", meaning its activities are fully integrated from manufacturing through sales, including material procurement design, product, distribution, inventory management, and final sales. For this reason, more understanding of individual corporate profitability is very sensitive to consumer's attitudinal changes. The effects that corporate marketing activities on customer lifetime value through brand attitude were analyzed based on a structural equation model. Rust suggested value equity, brand equity, and relationship equity as customer equity driver. The study examines Chinese consumer because China is the fastest growing fashion market in the world. Research design, data, and methodology - The survey targeted Chinese college student age 20s. Only respondents who had purchased SPA brands in the past year were included for this research. A total of 303, except for 47 missing data of 350 distributed questionnaires were included in this research. The questionnaire is consists of six part to measure value, brand, relationship equity, attitude toward brand, purchase intention and demographic characteristics. This research conducted exploratory factor analysis and reliability test. To verify research hypotheses, structural equation model test was conducted. As for customer equity, diversified models in consideration of the scope of acquisition data, a method of collection of data, influencing factor, and predictability were suggested based on a net present value model. However, the history of customer equity study is relatively short, and sufficient empirical analyses have not been conducted, so more integrated analysis is required. In this study, the concept of driver suggested by Rust was applied to figure out the effects that consumer's attitude has on customer equity. The customer equity driver suggested by them consists of brand equity, value equity, and relationship equity. Results - This study reveals that value equity and brand equity have a positive influence on relationship equity. And, relationship equity has a positive influence on purchase intention through brand attitude. However, value equity and brand equity do not influence on brand attitude. Conclusion - The results of this research generated following implications. First, SPA brands need to take advantage of their value equity such as perceived low price and up-to-date fashion style to attract Chinese young consumer. Second, strong brand equity promises dominants position in the competitive market. As Chinese fashion market grows rapidly, SPA brands can consider branding strategy such as flagship store and celebrity marketing enhancing brand image. Third, the core concept of customer equity strategy is to maintain a relationship with their expecting and existing customers. The relationship equity is built by brand equity and value equity. When SPA brands serves product and service meet with individual customers, customers have intimacy to the brands.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.51-56
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• 1989

This study was carried out to obtain basic information elucidating relationship meteorological elements and yield of Tricholoma matsutake. The yields of pine mushroom in seven areas including Yangyang-gun more than 30,000 kg. Pine mushrooms were generally distributed in the red pine (Pinus densiflora) forests of East-Coast Region, Sobaek and Taebaek-Mountainous Regions, Yeongnam-Central Region and North-Central Region of Korea. Yields of pine mushroom were significant correlation with precipitation during April-October in last years, average minima temperature during July-September, rainy days during Aug. 21-Sep. 10 and precipitation during Sep. 11-30, etc. Air and soil temperature during pine mushroom yield period were 15-25 and $15-20^{\circ}C$, respectively. The first collection date of pine mushroom could be predicted by measuring the soil temperature at 5 cm depth.

• Korean Journal of Plant Taxonomy
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.455-472
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• 2003

The period from 1946 until his retirement from Department of Forest Resources, Seoul National University was a time of research and professional activity on many fronts for Korean Plant Taxonomy. From 1952 to 1984, he travelled south Korea and collected more than 70,000 specimens. Working out of this project, Dr. Lee developed the SNUA herbarium (Herbarium of The Arboretum of Seoul National University) as the best University herbarium in Korea for the modem floristic work. Dr. Lee's first interest rests on his contributions to our understanding of the twig identification in early 1950. Asian deciduous oak taxa have attracted particular focus to him late 1950 and early 1960. Accordingly Dr. Lee has been one of the specialists on systematic study of Asian oak which is a basis of identification in eastern Asia now. Dr. Lee's contributions concerning rare and endangered plants in Korea provide a tremendous information after a Japanese taxonomist, T. Nakai did in early 1920 to late 1930 in Korea. During his fourteen year career from 1970 to 1984, Dr. Lee spent time to investigate flora of many local and National Park sites. Much of his effort was directed to the voucher specimens for which he worked for the Illustrated Flora of Korea and also served as a field collector. These collections at SNUA enabled us to extend our educational outreach from the local to the national flora research. Although Dr. Lee has been and continues to be the soul of SNUA, collection records about his purpose and aim for each trip are not well documented except date and field studied sites. This lesson enables us to tackle the same issue of balancing quantity and quality with well documented specimens now.

• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.188-198
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• 2008

Since 2003, the National Institute of Environmental Research (NIER) of Korea has been conducting "The monitoring study on exposure level and biomarkers of environmental pollutants" in the Ulsan industrial complex with the goals to establish a surveillance system for residents, to evaluate the health effects associated with chronic exposure to environmental pollutants and to develop the environmental health indicators in Ulsan industrial complex. This program consists of three phases an initial or foundation phase in which the program is developed, made operational and extended to the community, followed by an evaluation and accountability assessment of the surveillance system and finally an improvement in the quality of life and the maintenance of good health for Ulsan residents. In the period 2003 to 2008, the study program developed the surveillance system which will be used for the full-length survey. All participants in this study were contacted at a presentation meeting for residents, introduced to the objectives and protocols of the survey, and asked to participate. Informed consent was obtained from each participant. The study is now underway and includes questionnaires, health examinations and the analysis/collection/banking of bio-sample such as blood and urine. To date 828 subjects have participated and already 588 subjects have been followed up. We are committed to complete health examinations and to arrange storage of biosample for all participants. During the current year, we will analyze metals (Pb in blood and Cd, inorganic As and Hg in urine) in 1,972 samples and VOCs (11 species) and PARs (18 species) in 300 samples (blood sample). Moreover, the summary of the first step and the further preparation of the second step are currently underway. In this article, we introduce the study and its protocols and the distribution and size of the study participants. In conclusion, this survey will be continuously conducted on the established cohort and will enable the identification of relationship between environmental pollutant exposures and the health status of residents in Ulsan industrial complex.

• Journal of dental hygiene science
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.199-209
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• 2010

The purpose of this paper is to suggest fundamental data for finding problems and ways to improve Korean dental infection control studies through the classification of literature on dental infection control which have been conducted in Korea. The collection of literature was done via seven online database programs only for domestic literature. The date of first search was September 16-17th, 2009, and the final search was completed on December 20th, 2009. (1) From the examination of the frequency of research according to the publishing form by year, it is revealed that after 2006, dental infection control is being performed most vigorously, compared with 1980's when the studied on this area started. (2) According to the classification of research method by research design of original article among the literature, original articles were 45 studies, and the others were 20 studies. It was also found that in 45 studies of original article, there were 37 studies of survey research, and there were 8 studies which include microbiology examination. (3) On the analysis of the subject of each study, glob and mask using rate have gradually increased, and the frequency of pierced with sharp implement or needle have gradually decreased. Through this research, it can be observed roughly how the results depended on subject of each studies change. However, it may be restricted to generalize the results of this research, because there are lack of clear standard and literature evidence to assess the interrelationship between each study. Also, since there are shortage of research and studies in dental infection control, the research to examine the effects should be tried actively after the standards and precaution of dental infection control developed.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.35 no.2
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• pp.119-125
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• 1996

Temperature-dependent development study for overwintered eggs of Pseudococcus comstocki (Kuwana) wasconducted to develop a forecasting model for egg hatch date. Hatch times of overwintered eggs were comparedat five constant temperatures (10, 15, 20, 25, 27$^{\circ}$C) and different collection dates. A nonlinear, four-parameterdevelopmental model with high temperature inhibition accurately described (R2=0.9948) mean developmentalrates of all temperatures. Variation in developmental times was modeled(~~=0.972w9)it h a cumulative Weibullfunction. Least-squares linear regression (rate=O.O06358[Temp.]-0.07566)d escribed development in the linearregion (15-25$^{\circ}$C) of the development curve. The low development threshold temperature was estimated 11.9"Cand 154.14 degree-days were required for complete development. The linear degree-day model (thermal summation)and rate summation model (Wagner et al. 1985) were validated using field phenology data. In degreedaymodels, mean-minus-base method, sine wave method, and rectangle method were used in estimation of dailythermal units. Mean-minus-base method was 18 to 28d late, sine wave method was 11 to 14d late, rectanglemethod was 3 to 5d late, and rate summation model was 2 to 3d late in predicting 50% hatch of overwinteredeggs. hatch of overwintered eggs.

• The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.10-24
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• 2014

Bicycle is a useful transportation mode that is healthy, emission-free, and environmentally compatible. Although large efforts have been made to promote the use of bicycling to date, there still exist various hurdles and limitations. One of the key issues to increase bicycling is how to gather bicycle-related data from the field and to generate valuable information for both users and operations agencies. This study proposes a method to process bicycle trajectory data which is obtained from tracing global positioning systems(GPS) equipped bicycle, which is defined as the probe bicycle. The proposed method is based on the concept of statistical quality control of data. In addition, a data collection and processing scenario in support of public bicycle system is presented. The outcomes of this study would be valuable fundamentals for developing bicycle traffic information systems that is a part of future intelligent transportation systems(ITS).