• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.19 no.6
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• pp.347-358
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• 2019

This study used Q methodology for analogizing culinary arts major students' subjectivity through their participation of one of restaurant start-up experience program, called pop-up restaurant. The study tried to figure out particular structure of among students' responses and noticed five distinctive types. There were Increase learning effect type(Type 1, N=4), Collaboration of members importance type(Type2, N=8), Marketing PR need type(Type3, N=6), Restaurant business plan type(Type4, N=4), Industry work experience required type(Type5, N=3). The study also revealed that each type contained diverse characteristics figures in their own. The research finding could be used as fundamental source of future similar research but in other research methodology in the format of difference among students or diverse measuring point of time frame.

• Information Systems Review
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.79-106
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• 2016

Service innovation is one means of gaining an advantage in a highly competitive environment. Although numerous studies have stressed the importance of service innovation, traditional good-dominant logic is still used in service innovation literature. Furthermore, few studies have been conducted on the link between service innovation and its antecedents in terms of service-oriented approach. To fill the gap, this article theoretically and empirically examines service innovation and its antecedents and consequences. Based on service-dominant logic and resource advantage theory, the current study aims to understand the effect of antecedents on service innovation as well as to identify the effect of service innovation on firm performance (i.e., non-financial and financial performance). Three service innovation activities, namely service creation-focused innovation, service delivery-focused innovation, and customer interaction-focused innovation, and four antecedents of service innovation, including human resource management capability, collaboration capability, marketing capability, and information technology capability, are identified based on Den Hertog (2000)'s service innovation framework. By using the empirical data collected from 189 service firms in Korea, this study explores the causal relationship among antecedents, service innovation and firm performance. Findings indicate that human resource management and marketing capabilities influence the three types of service innovation, whereas collaboration and information technology capabilities have a significant effect on both service creation-focused innovation and service delivery-focused innovation. In particular, human resource management capability is strongly related to customer interaction-focused innovation. The three types of service innovation have a positive influence on non-financial performance, whereas service delivery-focused innovation and customer interaction-focused innovation positively influence financial performance. These results support the crucial effects of antecedents, such as human resource management, collaboration, marketing and information technology capabilities, on service innovation.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.21 no.12
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• pp.238-249
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• 2021

This research aims to present effective influencer marketing strategies against a heavy blow in Korean influencer marketing industry because of the paid advertisement controversy and the reinforcement of regulations for online advertisement. By investigating the effects of influencer reputation, which is composed of communication skills, influence, authenticity and professionalism on marketing effect, as well as the mediating effect of parasocial relationship, the study provides some implications for influencer selecting. The effect of economic interests is examined under 4 experimental conditions of paid advertisements, brand collaboration, brand gifts and organic review to figure out how to arrange an appropriate sponsorship plan. According to results of PLS structural equation analysis, it shows that the influence and authenticity of an influencer have a significant positive effect on marketing effect and the mediating effect of parasocial relationship is partially proved. It seems that the effect of influencer reputation on marketing effect is significantly differentiated in different contexts, which confirms the moderating effect of economic interest. Distinguish from previous studies, this study focuses on types of economic interest rather than a simple comparison between sponsorship disclosure versus no disclosure and makes contributions to expanding reputation research. Meanwhile, findings of this study could give some practical implications for marketing practitioners in planning influencer marketing.

• The Korean Journal of Nuclear Medicine Technology
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.87-92
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• 2010

Purpose: In 2003, we decided to buy a PET/CT, at the time, it was the latest cancer diagnostic medical equipment. Equipment company was offered the marketing of collaboration operation because the highly cost of PET/CT. However, this hospital's choice was own purchase way. In this study we evaluated the collaboration operation way by post-mortem analysis to the current situation. Materials and Methods: From 2004 until 2008, five years, we investigate the revenue analysis the number of PET/CT cases about own purchase way and collaboration operation way according (ABC costing). Results: The year 2004, own purchase way is 4 billion 9 thousand 2 hundred million won in deficit, the collaboration operation way is 1 billion 1 thousand 7 hundred million won in deficit. The year 2005, own purchase way is 1 billion 5 hundred million won in deficit, collaboration operation way is 8 thousand 7 hundred million won in deficit. However, the year 2006, own purchase way is 5 billion 1thousand 3 hundred million won in surplus, collaboration operation way is 9 thousand 9 hundred million won in deficits. The year 2007 and 2008, revenue of own purchase way is more increased but the collaboration operation way is more decreased. From the year 2004 to 2008, subtotal of own purchase way is 10 billion 8 thousand 8 hundred won in surplus, sub-total of collaboration operation way is 6 billion 7 thousand million won in deficit. Conclusion: Own purchase way has been a big benefit occurs and to reflect the equipment price, the collaboration operation way became to deficit continues. In other words, the problem of collaboration operation way showed us. When you buy the high cost Equipment, consideration will be risk and economic analysis of variance, the appropriate of the initial investment cost, clinical diagnostic needs and etc.

• Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.13-38
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• 2006

This study is concerned with the factors that influence the radicalness of new product development by firms. The innovativeness of firms' new product development differs in their frequency and radicalness. Based on previous research on product innovations, this study provides a hypothetical model that links firms' internal variables and external relations variables to the radicalness of product innovation, which in turn is linked to marketing performance. For an empirical analysis, the data were collected from South Korean firms. The result of this study provides evidence that the stronger is firms' management attitude toward risk taking, marketing competency, and technical competency, the higher is the possibility of radical product innovation. It also shows that, contrarily to the hypothesis, firms with collective reward system rather than individual reward system are more likely to develop radically new products. This study also shows that the better are firms' R & D collaboration with suppliers and interfaces with customers, the higher is the possibility of radical product innovation.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.72-80
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• 2007

The purpose of this study is to identify the latest trend and type of retail space, and the features according to type of retail space of global prestige brand. To do this, literature analysis was executed by related books, articles, and theses. As a result, the latest trend of fashion retail space which has appeared after 2000 is as follows: 1) The differentiation of fashion brand through collaboration between fashion designers and architects, 2) retail space extension strategy, 3) retail space as a cultural space, 4) bold investment for retail space. The type of fashion retail space which has appeared after 2000 is as follows: 1) Spectacular flagship retail space of monumental scale, 2) global type retail space which exhibits common features through the whole world, 3) localization retail space which shows different features according to store location 4) innovative retail space out of traditional store form. The result of this study will be utilized when a domestic fashion brand establishes global marketing strategy of retail space.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.30 no.7 s.155
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• pp.1001-1011
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• 2006

In the fashion enterprises of today, there are many kind of inter- enterprises' collaborations which are related to the strategic management for reinforcing their competitiveness in various fields. These inter- enterprises' collaborations, which began to increase in 2000, will increase even more in the near future. This study carries out the findings between collaborating companies' and their partners' characteristics and the actual conditions of collaborations through the responses of fashion enterprises' key employees. A questionnaire was answered by 194 key employees of the fashion enterprises in Korea and the analysis was completed by frequency analysis, cross tabulation analysis. The results of this study are the following; 1. Most of the enterprises of the same fashion categories collaborated with the promotion companies as their partners. The enterprises of different fashion categories collaborated strongly with the distribution companies as their partners. The strongest reason of the collaboration was for rapid product supplying to the market. 2. With regard to the management resources, the relationship between the collaborated companies and their partners had been formed by mutual assistance. Also, there were positive relationships between the collaborating companies and the partners concerning business reputation. The results of this study generated some valuable information that can be used in the fashion industry.

• The Journal of Economics, Marketing and Management
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.11-20
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• 2021

Purpose: The importance of creativity has been emphasized in the transition from industrial society to knowledge-based society. Recently, design thinking has attracted great attention as one of the ways to increase the creativity of the organization. From the perspective of solving urban problems through collaboration between technology and citizens, the active participation of citizens is indispensable for realizing smart cities. Research design, data and methodology: From the perspective of solving urban problems through collaboration between technology and citizens, the active participation of citizens is indispensable for realizing smart cities. Results: Therefore, the purpose of this research was to design a citizen-participation type system and contents using a specific space to realize a smart city. This system utilizes the concept of space as a tool to promote innovation activities with the participation of citizens and makes it easy for users of space to participate based on urban problems derived from living labs and the internal structure and user flow line have been designed. Conclusions: It was been also used voice recognition, artificial intelligence, the Internet of Things, and big data as important technologies for experiencing smart cities. The system and content were designed with an emphasis on allowing citizens to directly recognize and experience smart city technology, especially through space-based information visualization and multi-faceted stimulus elements.

• Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.110-122
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• 2010

The emergence of the field of organizational buying behavior in the mid-1960’s with the publication of Industrial Buying and Creative Marketing (1967) set the stage for a new paradigm of thinking about how business was conducted in markets other than those serving ultimate consumers. Whether it is "industrial marketing" or "business-to-business marketing" (B-to-B), organizational buying behavior remains the core differentiating characteristic of this domain of marketing. This paper explores the impact of several dynamic factors that have influenced how organizations relate to one another in a rapidly increasing interdependence, which in turn can impact organizational buying behavior. The paper also raises the question of whether or not the major conceptual models of organizational buying behavior in an interdependent world are still relevant to guide research and managerial thinking, in this dynamic business environment. The paper is structured to explore three questions related to organizational interdependencies: 1. What are the factors and trends driving the emergence of organizational interdependencies? 2. Will the major conceptual models of organizational buying behavior that have developed over the past half century be applicable in a world of interdependent organizations? 3. What are the implications of organizational interdependencies on the research and practice of organizational buying behavior? Consideration of the factors and trends driving organizational interdependencies revealed five critical drivers in the relationships among organizations that can impact their purchasing behavior: Accelerating Globalization, Flattening Networks of Organizations, Disrupting Value Chains, Intensifying Government Involvement, and Continuously Fragmenting Customer Needs. These five interlinked drivers of interdependency and their underlying technological advances can alter the relationships within and among organizations that buy products and services to remain competitive in their markets. Viewed in the context of a customer driven marketing strategy, these forces affect three levels of strategy development: (1) evolving customer needs, (2) the resulting product/service/solution offerings to meet these needs, and (3) the organization competencies and processes required to develop and implement the offerings to meet needs. The five drivers of interdependency among organizations do not necessarily operate independently in their impact on how organizations buy. They can interact with each other and become even more potent in their impact on organizational buying behavior. For example, accelerating globalization may influence the emergence of additional networks that further disrupt traditional value chain relationships, thereby changing how organizations purchase products and services. Increased government involvement in business operations in one country may increase costs of doing business and therefore drive firms to seek low cost sources in emerging markets in other countries. This can reduce employment opportunitiesn one country and increase them in another, further accelerating the pace of globalization. The second major question in the paper is what impact these drivers of interdependencies have had on the core conceptual models of organizational buying behavior. Consider the three enduring conceptual models developed in the Industrial Buying and Creative Marketing and Organizational Buying Behavior books: the organizational buying process, the buying center, and the buying situation. A review of these core models of organizational buying behavior, as originally conceptualized, shows they are still valid and not likely to change with the increasingly intense drivers of interdependency among organizations. What will change however is the way in which buyers and sellers interact under conditions of interdependency. For example, increased interdependencies can lead to increased opportunities for collaboration as well as conflict between buying and selling organizations, thereby changing aspects of the buying process. In addition, the importance of communication processes between and among organizations will increase as the role of trust becomes an important criterion for a successful buying relationship. The third question in the paper explored consequences and implications of these interdependencies on organizational buying behavior for practice and research. The following are considered in the paper: the need to increase understanding of network influences on organizational buying behavior, the need to increase understanding of the role of trust and value among organizational participants, the need to improve understanding of how to manage organizational buying in networked environments, the need to increase understanding of customer needs in the value network, and the need to increase understanding of the impact of emerging new business models on organizational buying behavior. In many ways, these needs deriving from increased organizational interdependencies are an extension of the conceptual tradition in organizational buying behavior. In 1977, Nicosia and Wind suggested a focus on inter-organizational over intra-organizational perspectives, a trend that has received considerable momentum since the 1990's. Likewise for managers to survive in an increasingly interdependent world, they will need to better understand the complexities of how organizations relate to one another. The transition from an inter-organizational to an interdependent perspective has begun, and must continue so as to develop an improved understanding of these important relationships. A shift to such an interdependent network perspective may require many academicians and practitioners to fundamentally challenge and change the mental models underlying their business and organizational buying behavior models. The focus can no longer be only on the dyadic relations of the buying organization and the selling organization but should involve all the related members of the network, including the network of customers, developers, and other suppliers and intermediaries. Consider for example the numerous partner networks initiated by SAP which involves over 9000 companies and over a million participants. This evolving, complex, and uncertain reality of interdependencies and dynamic networks requires reconsideration of how purchase decisions are made; as a result they should be the focus of the next phase of research and theory building among academics and the focus of practical models and experiments undertaken by practitioners. The hope is that such research will take place, not in the isolation of the ivory tower, nor in the confines of the business world, but rather, by increased collaboration of academics and practitioners. In conclusion, the consideration of increased interdependence among organizations revealed the continued relevance of the fundamental models of organizational buying behavior. However to increase the value of these models in an interdependent world, academics and practitioners should improve their understanding of (1) network influences, (2) how to better manage these influences, (3) the role of trust and value among organizational participants, (4) the evolution of customer needs in the value network, and (5) the impact of emerging new business models on organizational buying behavior. To accomplish this, greater collaboration between industry and academia is needed to advance our understanding of organizational buying behavior in an interdependent world.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.16 no.5
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• pp.146-163
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• 2012

This thesis aims to present how to make secure the identity of the brand with enhancing the esthetic expression of the brand and making the ways of emotional communication in variety, through investigating closely the case of Prada representative of the typical brands that have established the unique identity by cooperating the fashion with culture and art through their ingenious and consistent efforts. In the conclusion, the culture and art was found to be applied in two fields i.e. one of design and the other of marketing. In terms of the design, the method of inserting the image into the surface of the clothing and accessories was used. In the context, the illustration techniques, photographic patterns and applying the image of the art piece could be summarized to be used. In terms of marketing, the sponsorship of the art and exhibitions, look books, animations and fashion films, epicenter, the collaboration with the other kinds of enterprise, could be regarded as four ways of the approaches. The innovation and creativity, futuristic hybrid, nonprofit support of the art, the integration and consistency of the image of the arts could be concluded to be four major points defining the characteristics of the Prada renowned for the use of the culture and arts to its property.