• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.553-558
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• 1997

Frozen cod fillet block(7.0$\times$4.6$\times$0.6cm, 18$\pm$0.5g) was purchased from a supermarket in Taegu area. Three experimental groups of fish fillet, frozen-thawed cod fillet refrigerated at 5$^{\circ}C$(R), frozen at -2$0^{\circ}C$(F) and repeated freezing and refrigerating(RFR) every other day, were incubated at each temperature. Changes in the viable counts of mesophiles and psychrotrops, the amount of free drip and pH of cod muscle during cold storage were 6.5$\times$104 and 7.4$\times$103 CFU/g of muscle, respectively. The viable counts of cod muscle R and FRF exceeded 107 CFU/g within 8 days and 16 days, respectively, while the viable counts of cod muscle F were not exceeded 107 cells/g throughout the storage period. The viable counts of psychrotrops exceeded that of mesophiles at the end of cold storage period. The viable counts of cod muscle showed positive correlation with pH(r=0.73-0.96,the highest in RFR) during cold storage. The amount of free drip in cod muscle R, F and RFR was 27.06$\pm$9.75, 27.56$\pm$8.02 and 33.97$\pm$10.70%, respectively. The amount of free drip in RFR increased as the progress of storage.

• Progress in Superconductivity and Cryogenics
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.65-70
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• 2022

A vacuum system is designed for thermal insulation of a 10 ton/day class air liquefaction cold box for liquid air energy storage. The vacuum system is composed of a turbomolecular pump, a backing pump and vacuum piping for the vacuum pumps. The turbomolecular pump is in combination with the backing pump for pumping capacity. The vacuum piping is designed with system installation conditions, such as distance from the cold box, connections to vacuum pumps and installation space. The capacity of the vacuum pump combination, namely pumping speed, is determined by analysis of the vacuum system, and pump-down time to 1×10^-5 mbar is estimated. Vacuum piping conductance, system pumping speed and outgassing rate are calculated for the pump-down time with the ultimate pumping speed range of the vacuum pump combination of 1400 - 2300 l/s. Although the pump-down time gets shorter by larger capacity vacuum pumps, it mainly depends on target vacuum degree and outgassing rate in the cold box. The pump-down time is estimated as 3 - 6 hours appropriate for cold box operation for the pumping speed range. Considering the outgassing rate has uncertainty, the vacuum pump combination with pumping speed of 1900 l/s is chosen for the vacuum system, which is middle value of the pumping speed range.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.16 no.4 s.33
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• pp.241-244
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• 1977

Cold damaged mandarins caused by low temprature and snow at harvest season were very severe at Jeju in 1975, and the storage diseases were also unusually serious in connection with water rot. The control measures for these problems in citrus culture are not developed yet in Korea. For the control of fruit rot diseases in the storage, fungicide applications with the use of various containers are tested. Thiofernate (Topsin WP $70\%$, X 1, 200) treatments with wooden boxes and PVC containers were very effective, but for the practical and satisfactory solutions on the storage diseases control of citrus, Benlate and Sumicidin applications are also considered.

• Food Science of Animal Resources
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.47-55
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• 2001

This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of marbling and maturity on physicochemical properties of Hanwoo meat during cold storage. A total of 18 carcasses were collected by marbling and maturity score at the commercial slaughter house. Loins of carcasses were selected and moved to laboratory and used to measure physico-chemical characteristics during 7 weeks storage at $0^{\circ}C$. The pH of samples was tended to be increased until 3 weeks storage. The water holding capacity of samples was not affected by marbling and maturity score. Lightness value of all samples was not changed, whereas redness value of high marbling samples was significantly(p<0.05) higher than that of low marbling samples. Purge loss of high marbling samples was significantly(p<0.05) lower than that of low marbling samples. These results indicate that high marbling and low maturity has better meat quality than low marbling and high maturity in Hanwoo.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.107-114
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• 2000

Low temperature storage method is to increase the value of agricultural products by reducing quality loss and regulate consignment time by controlling respiration rates of agricultural products. Respiration rate of agricultural products depends on several factors such as temperature, moisture, gas composition and a microbe inside the storage room. Temperature is the most important factor among these, which affects respiration rate and causes low or high temperature damage. Fuzzy logic was used to control the temperature of a storage room ,which uses information of uncertain facts and mathematical model for room temperature control . Room temperature was controlled better by using fuzzy logic control method rather than on-off control method. Refrigerant flow rates and temperature deviations were measured for on-off system using TEV(temperature expansion valve) and for fuzzy system using EEV(Electrical Expansion Valve) . Temperature of the Storage room was lowered faster by using fuzzy system than on -off system. Temperature deviation was -0.6~+0.9$^{\circ}C$ for on-off system and $\pm$0.2$^{\circ}C$ for fuzzy system developed. Temperature deviation and variation of temperature deviation were used as inout parameters for fuzzy system. The most suitable input and output value were found by experiment. Cooling rate of the storage room decreased while temperature deviation increased for the sampling time of 20 sec.

• Journal of the Society of Disaster Information
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.117-127
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• 2023

Purpose: The number of Cold Storages at home and abroad is on the rise, fires in large Cold Storages have recently occurred. As fires continue to occur and property damage is on the rise every year, the importance of preventing fires in large Cold Storage is growing. Method: Real Cold Storages were investigated on-site and fire cases were analyzed to derive and analyze fire risk, and the ORS, which is emerging as an adaptive fire prevention technology of Cold Storage, was investigated through FDS. Result: oxygen concentration 21, 15.7% and 17.7, 16.7% were analyzed through FDS, and flashover was reached within 3~4 minutes from 21, 17.7, 16.7%, but if oxygen concentration was lowered to 15.7%, it didn't ignite for 13 minutes. Conclusion: This study understood the concept and general part of the ORS, modeled the freezer through FDS, and analyzed the oxygen concentration to analyze the fire protection adaptability of the ORS. In the future, it is expected that large-scale empirical experiments and related regulations will be prepared to provide solutions for fire prevention in Cold Storages in blind spots of fire.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• v.30 no.3 s.110
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• pp.155-160
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• 2005

The objective of this research was to establish a domestically available cooling storage technique by cold-air in winter, using winter cool air ventilation fur determining rough rice cooling method in the storage and dry bin. The rough rice storage characteristics of two test conditions, winter cool-air ventilation storage and ambient temperature storage, were evaluated from January to July 2001, using a storage and dry bin of 300-ton capacity. Results of this research are as follows: Grain temperature was from $-5.1\~-8.5^{\circ}C$ after winter cool-air ventilation, and grain initial temperature for ambient temperature bin storage was $0.3\~1.9^{\circ}C$. Moisture content of rough rice decreased from $0.28\;to\;0.93\%$ and from $1.53\;to\;1.92\%$ to compare with original moisture contents for winter cool-air ventilation, and for ambient temperature bin storage, respectively. Broken ratio of brown rice from winter cool-air ventilation bin increased from $0.16\;to\; 0.92\%$, and brown rice broken ratio was from $2.24\;to\;2.86\%$ for ambient temperature bin storage to compare with initial broken ratio. Hardness of stored rice increased along storage period increase in alt storage methods, and cooling bin storage increased rice hardness of 0.271kgf: this increasing was lower then the other methods from 0.059 to 2.239kgf. Germination rates were decreased approximately 9.03, 3.14 and $3.20\%$ for upper, middle, and bottom of ventilating winter air bin, respectively, and germination rates of 2.70, 3.47 and $4.14\%$ were approximately decreased for upper, middle, and bottom parts of ambient temperature bin storage, respectively.

• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.28-31
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• 2003

For safe storage of agricultural products in the cold storage house, accurate monitoring of temperature, humidity and gas conditions is necessary. This study was conducted to develop an environmental monitoring and warning system for the cold storage house to improve safety of storage. The system developed in this study is able to monitor temperature, humidity and $CO_2$concentration in the storage house and to send alarm signal to the farmer by telephone and beeper when abnormal conditions have been occurred in the storage house. And the developed system use internet network so we can supervise storage conditions in the home. From the results of the performance test, it was found that the temperature and relative humidity can be controlled within the range of 0.5$^{\circ}C$ and $\pm$2 percent. And farmer's response was fair.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Agricultural Machinery Conference
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• 2001.02a
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• pp.235-244
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• 2001

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.26 no.5
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• pp.445-449
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• 2009

For human organ transplantations, histidine-tryptophan-ketoglutarate solution (HTKS) and University of Wisconsin solution (UWS) have been shown to engender similar outcomes as gold standard cold preservation solutions ($4^{\circ}C$). To select the effective preservation solution for cold storage of kidney xenografts in miniature pig, which could be a potential source animal of bio-organs, this study compared early histopathological outcomes of cold preservation injury using HTKS and UWS. Twelve miniature pigs weighing 25.6 to 34.7 kg were divided into two groups (n = 6 per group), UWS group and HTKS group. The kidneys in each group were harvested, cold flushed, and preserved for 0, 24, 48, and 72 hrs at $4^{\circ}C$ with UWS or HTKS, respectively. Histolopathological examinations were assessed on kidney biopsy specimens, taken after each cold storage. The degree of renal injury was scored using 5 different criteria (pyknotic nuclei, disruption of cytoplasm, detachment of epithelium, loss of microvilli, tubular necrosis and loss of glomerular tufts) of the cellular components of the tissue. The degree of kidney damage was increased with prolonged cold ischemia time. UWS and HTKS have at least similar efficacy in kidney preservation within 24 hrs cold preservation time. However, in HTKS group cold-induced injury started to be observed more than in UWS group after 48 hrs of cold storage. In conclusion, UWS and HTKS were equally effective for cold preservation of miniature pig kidney in early preservation times; however, UWS may be more effective at longer preservation times as compared to HTKS.