• 소성∙가공
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.43-51
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• 2000

The die wear is one of the main factors affecting product accuracy and die life in hot forging process. It is desired to analyze die wear by developing wear prediction method combined with FE-simulatin and experiment. Lots of researches have been done into the wear analysis of cold forging die, and the results of those researches were successful, but there have been little applications to hot forging die giving successful results. That is because hot forging process has many factors influencing die wear, and there was not accurate in-process data. In this research, change of die surface hardness by thermal softening during the lifetime was obtained by experiment, and hardness distribution of cross section was measured. This wear analysis was applied to hot forging die, and gave comparatively good results compared with actual wear profile.

• 한국해양공학회지
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.41-45
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• 2006

Arc welding is sometimes used to repair damaged cast iron parts in diesel engine for driving n ship. In this case cold arc welding is good for saving the time and results in good repairing. But if some difference in hardness on welding zones made with AWS E Ni-CI and NiFe-CI happen, repaired parts would be cracked in a short. In order to overcome this default, the study is performed on varying preheating temperature of welding parts, selecting welding rod and welding work way. The result will be used on ship's working shop.

• 한국자기학회지
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.211-215
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• 2006

구조 강이나 터빈로터 강의 기계적 물성은 자기적 특성과 관계되므로, 비파괴적으로 자기적 특성을 측정하여 기계적 물성을 평가하는 연구가 많이 수행되었다. 따라서 자동차용 강판으로 사용되는 냉연강판에서도 비파괴적으로 자기적 특성을 측정함으로써 냉연강판의 기계적 물성을 유추할 수 있을 것이고, 냉연강판 생산 라인에서 자기적 특성을 측정하여 온라인상에서 냉연강판의 기계적 특성을 모니터할 수 있을 것이다. 기계적 특성이 다른 세 종류의 냉연강판 CBQ 3060, CBQ 3041 및 CBQ 3036의 시편을 준비하고 교류 섭동 자기장을 인가하여 자기적 특성인 가역투자율을 비파괴적으로 측정함으로서 기계적 물성인 경도와의 상관관계를 규명하였다. 세 종류의 냉연강판 시편에서 기계적 물성인 비커스 경도, 항복강도 및 인장강도를 측정하였다. 주파수가20 Hz일 때, surface type 프로브로 측정한 섭동자기장의 제 1차 고조파인 가역투자율의 피크 간 간격에서 구한 보자력은 비커스경도, 항복강도 및 인장강도가 증가할 때 선형적으로 증가하였다. 주파수 20 Hz에서 lift-off에 대한 가역투자율 측정을 하였는데,lift-off가 증가함에 따라 고조파의 amplitude가 급격히 감소하였다.

• 한국소성가공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국소성가공학회 2009년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.310-313
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• 2009

오스테나이트계 고질소 스테인레스강 4 가지 후보강종인 HNS C1, C2, C3, C4에 대해 질소함량, 가압조건 따른 단조재와 온도 및 동일한 가압조건에서 Ni 합금원소 첨가유무에 따른 용체화 처리재(HNS C1, C3)의 물성평가와 실제 냉연 공정의 pass schedule 검증을 위한 모사실험을 통해 다음과 같이 요약 하였다. 1) 가압증가에 따른 질소함량의 증가로 강도 및 경도가 동시 상승하며, 결정립의 미세화 및 기계적 쌍정 발생이 많았다. 동일한 가압조건에서 Ni 첨가된 HNS C3가 Ni 미첨가한 HNS C1 보다 강도-연성 조합평가에서 열/냉간 가공성 등의 특성이 우수하였다. 2) 고질소강 스테인레스강의 적정한 용체화 처리온도 범위는 상용화된 AIS1304와 유사한 $1050^{\circ}C{\sim}1100^{\circ}C$이며, 용체화처리 후냉각방법의 변경(수냉과 공냉)에 따른 경도의 편차는 없었다. 냉연 pass schedule 검증을 위한 모사실험에서 초기 압연의 최적조건은 roll 속도 5mpm, pass당 압연율 $15{\sim}17%$였다.

• 한국소성가공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국소성가공학회 2007년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.42-47
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• 2007

The characteristics of the tool system give many effects into the costs and qualities for the finished components. Therefore, a tool life is one of the important issues on cold forging industry. However, since variables related with tool life are many complicated, the studies for solution should be investigated by the systematic research approach. The shape and process changes of die, the hardness changes of material and the tolerance of dies to decrease the die stress are analyzed by the FEM software. The heat-treatment of tool material is investigated to improve the tool life. Deep cryogenic treatment of tool steel is very efficient to improve the wear resistance due to the fine carbide. And, it is investigated that the shape and dimension of tool give effect into both tool life and quality of forged product..

• 한국소성가공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국소성가공학회 2009년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.132-136
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• 2009

The importance and interests for saving of energy and cost in industry has been steadily grown up. Therefore, process optimization to reduce the processing step and energy is one of the most important things. The micro-alloyed steel of which post-heat-treatment is not necessary, has attractive points for high strength materials. However, for the application of non-heat-treated steel to structural parts, it is necessary to confirm the reliability of mechanical properties. In order to estimate mechanical properties. The microstructure, hardness, tensile strength, compressive strength and tensile fatigue strength of micro-alloyed steel having 900MPa tensile strength has been investigated.

• 한국정밀공학회지
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• 제32권10호
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• pp.891-896
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• 2015

In order to protect the environment, using light material is becoming more and more attractive within the automobile industry. Aluminum alloys are the best and lightest metallic materials used in the automotive, electron, and aerospace industries. Al alloy and SGARC were joined by cold metal transfer (CMT) welding, using AlSiMn4 as a filler. Results showed that dissimilar metals from the Al 6000 series/SGARC could be successfully joined by CMT under proper processing parameters. The micro-hardness value of 125Hv was obtained at an interface.

• 한국소성가공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국소성가공학회 2003년도 추계학술대회논문집
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• pp.140-143
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• 2003

The drawbead is an important part in sheet metal forming for automotive part and its effect is affected by various process parameters. Therefore in this study, drawbead friction test was performed at various process parameters - panels (cold rolled and galvanized sheet steel), lubricants (having three different viscosities), bead materials(steel, iron) and surface treatment of bead (Cr plating). Circular shape bead has been used for the test. The results show that friction and drawing characteristics were mainly influenced by the nature of zinc coating, viscosity of lubricants, surface treatment of a bead and hardness of coated layer.

• Tribology and Lubricants
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.38-44
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• 1993

The present study was undertaken to investigate the dry wear characteristics of die steel STD 11 for cold molding. The wear test was experimentally carried out under different conditions using a wear device, which was made in laboratory, and in which annular surfaces of wear testing specimens wear rubbed in dry sliding condition with varying the sliding speed, contact pressure, and sliding distance. The wear loss by variation of sliding speed was much in 0.3 m/sec and less in higher speed range above its sliding speed according to formation of the boundary lubrication film. The critical sliding speed with maximum value of the specific wear rate switched over to lower speed side according. as contact pressure increased. The critical sliding distance was increased with decrease in oxidation reaction velocity. The depth below subsurface showing maximum hardness (Hv) came out at the position, $60 \mu m$, of the maximum shear stress due to strain hardening.

• 한국소성가공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국소성가공학회 2003년도 The 8th Asian Symposium on Precision Forging ASPF
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• pp.80-85
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• 2003

This research represents enhancement of forgeability of SNCM522H steel. Output Shaft (OP Shaft) has been used as a subject for the study. OP Shaft is used as component of power train for automobiles. To develop I pass cold forging process instead of existing 2 pass process for OP Shaft, studies in terms of process design and heat treatment were performed. To verify the new process, CAE simulations were performed. And hardness test, microstructural analysis and tensile tests after heat treatment were carried out to evaluate the validity of proposed heat treatment cycle. The 2 pass forging process could be reduced as 1 pass process through improvement of process and heat treatment cycle.