• Title/Summary/Keyword: Cold exposure

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The acclimatization of Haenyeo to a cold environment and occupational characteristics evaluated by orexin and irisin levels

  • Inho Lee;Yong-Jin Lee;Eun-Chul Jang;Soon-Chan Kwon;Young-Sun Min;Jisuk Yun;Taehwan Park;Hye-Jin Lee;Eonah Choo;Jeong-Beom Lee
    • Annals of Occupational and Environmental Medicine
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    • v.34
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    • pp.28.1-28.12
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    • 2022
  • Background: Haenyeo is a woman who has the job of collecting seafood in the Jeju Sea at an average temperature of 13℃-14℃. The purpose of this study was to examine the cold acclimatization and occupational characteristics of Haenyeo through biomarkers such as orexin and irisin related to heat generation in the body. Methods: Twenty-one Haenyeo and 25 people with similar age, body type, and body mass index were selected as the control group (Control G). In the cold exposure experiment, a climate chamber was set to 5℃ and both feet were immersed in a 15℃ water tank for 30 minutes. Tympanic temperature (Tty) and skin temperature (Tsk) were measured, and the mean body temperature (mTb) was calculated. Blood samples were collected before and immediately after the examination. Orexin and irisin levels were analyzed. Results: Orexin levels were elevated after cold stimulation from 12.17 ± 4.44 to 12.95 ± 4.53 ng/mL (Haenyeo group [Haenyeo G], p < 0.01) and 10.37 ± 3.84 to 11.25 ± 4.02 ng/mL (Control G, p < 0.001). Irisin levels were elevated after cold stimulation from 4.83 ± 2.28 to 5.36 ± 2.23 ng/mL (Haenyeo G, p < 0.001) and 3.73 ± 1.59 to 4.18 ± 2.04 ng/mL (Control G, p < 0.001). The difference between Haenyeo G and Control G values in orexin and irisin appears not only in pre-exposure but also in post-exposure (p < 0.05). Conclusions: Our experimental results suggest that Haenyeo G were relatively superior in cold tolerance to Control G under cold exposure conditions. Haenyeo's cold acclimatization is due to the basic differences in pyrogens regarding body temperature control such as orexin and irisin. This means that Haenyeo are advantageous for cold survival.

Effects of Banner Clicking and Attitude toward the Linked Target Ads on Brand-Attitude and Purchase-Intention Changes (배너광고 click과 연결된 목표광고에 대한 태도의 상표태도와 구매의도에 대한 영향 연구)

  • Cho, Chang-Hoan
    • Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science
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    • v.14
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    • pp.1-16
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    • 2004
  • This paper explores the impact of banner exposure and clicking on brand-attitude changes and purchase intention changes. It is found that simple exposure to banner ads does not change people's initial brand-attitude and purchase intention, while voluntary exposure to target ads by clicking banner ads results in positive or negative brand attitude and purchase intention changes depending on the likability of the linked target ads from the banner ads. For methodology, this study employed a pretest posttest control group design and used online data collection technology called Cold Fusion. A total of 961 subjects participated in this research.

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The Effect of Clothing Habits on Cold Acclimatization (의복착용 습관이 추위적응 능력에 미치는 영향)

  • 이종민;이순원
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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    • v.21 no.3
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    • pp.536-543
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    • 1997
  • The subjects wearing cool clothing (C group) or warm clothing (W stoup) in daily life from September to February of the following year were tested to examine whether cold acclimatization takes place by clothing habits. Subjects rested at 25$\pm$1$^{\circ}C$, then were exposed to 15$\pm$1$^{\circ}C$, 50$\pm$5% R.H. for 90 min in September, November, December, and February. Rectal temperature (Tre) of C group after 90 min cold exposure did not drop below the Tre in $25^{\circ}C$ throughout the study. W group's Tre, however, dropped below the temperature in 25t from December. Shivering stopped after December in C group while W group continued to show it for the whole study. In resting, C group showed higher heat production than W group in February, and the rate of increase in heat production during cold exposure was smaller in C group than W group in February. C group showed less cold sensation than W group in the same coldness. These results suggest that the level of cold acclimatization may be improved by the habits wearing less clothes in daily life.

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Cold-induced ginsenosides accumulation is associated with the alteration in DNA methylation and relative gene expression in perennial American ginseng (Panax quinquefolius L.) along with its plant growth and development process

  • Hao, Mengzhen;Zhou, Yuhang;Zhou, Jinhui;Zhang, Min;Yan, Kangjiao;Jiang, Sheng;Wang, Wenshui;Peng, Xiaoping;Zhou, San
    • Journal of Ginseng Research
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    • v.44 no.5
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    • pp.747-755
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    • 2020
  • Background: Ginsenosides accumulation responses to temperature are critical to quality formation in cold-dependent American ginseng. However, the studies on cold requirement mechanism relevant to ginsenosides have been limited in this species. Methods: Two experiments were carried out: one was a multivariate linear regression analysis between the ginsenosides accumulation and the environmental conditions of American ginseng from different sites of China and the other was a synchronous determination of ginsenosides accumulation, overall DNA methylation, and relative gene expression in different tissues during different developmental stages of American ginseng after experiencing different cold exposure duration treatments. Results: Results showed that the variation of the contents as well as the yields of total and individual ginsenosides Rg1, Re, and Rb1 in the roots were closely associated with environmental temperature conditions which implied that the cold environment plays a decisive role in the ginsenoside accumulation of American ginseng. Further results showed that there is a cyclically reversible dynamism between methylation and demethylation of DNA in the perennial American ginseng in response to temperature seasonality. And sufficient cold exposure duration in winter caused sufficient DNA demethylation in tender leaves in early spring and then accompanied the high expression of flowering gene PqFT in flowering stages and ginsenosides biosynthesis gene PqDDS in green berry stages successively, and finally, maximum ginsenosides accumulation occurred in the roots of American ginseng. Conclusion: We, therefore, hypothesized that cold-induced DNA methylation changes might regulate relative gene expression involving both plant development and plant secondary metabolites in such cold-dependent perennial plant species.

Studies on the Mulberry Graftages IV. Cold Hardiness in December (뽕나무 접목묘에 관한 연구 IV. 12월 중의 내동성)

  • Lee, Won-Ju;Lee, Ju-Won;Park, Gwang-Jun
    • Journal of Sericultural and Entomological Science
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    • v.31 no.2
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    • pp.65-68
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    • 1989
  • Cold hardiness of mulberry graftages was examined with two varieties, Kaeryangppong and Keomseolppong in early December. Exposure temperatures were three levels (-5, -10 and -15$^{\circ}C$) at the 4 exposure times (6, 12, 24 and 48 hrs). No damage showed at -5$^{\circ}C$ for 48 hrs. Survival rate decreased sharply from -10$^{\circ}C$, regardless exposure times. There was no survivals from -10$^{\circ}C$ for 12 hrs in Kaeryangppmong and from -15$^{\circ}C$ for 6 hrs in Keomseolppong. This suggested Keomseolppong was stronger in cold than kaeryangppong. Regrowth decreased drastically from -10$^{\circ}C$.

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A Case report of It is suspected with the cold-induced cholinergic Urticaria (한랭 유발 콜린성 두드러기로 의섬되는 은진 환자 치험 1례)

  • Park, Hye-Sun
    • Herbal Formula Science
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    • v.14 no.1
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    • pp.184-191
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    • 2006
  • Cold Urticaria and Cholinergic Urticaria are considered to be distinct disorders in which mediator release and hives can be induced by different stimulti. While neither cold Urticaria nor cholinergic Urticaria is rare, it is unusual to see both disorders occurring in the same patient. Also, our case presents atypical urtication to cold exposure. similar to classic cholinergic Urticaria lesions, called ‘cold-induced cholinergic urticaria’. a case of It lives from as usual as cold as ice environment and When entering into the warm place, the patient minute when the urticaria appears cold - induced cholinergic Urticaria it suspects, The sasang constitution which will reach the result which it demonstrates medically it got the effect which considers it reports.

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Temperature Regulation of the Young and the Aged during Hands and Feet Exposure to the Cold (한랭환경에서 손발노출에 의한 청년과 노인의 체온조절반응 비교)

  • ;W.L. Kenney
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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    • v.22 no.7
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    • pp.963-968
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    • 1998
  • A study was conducted to investigate the effect of cooling hands of feet on human thermoregulation in the cold. Eight young (22$\pm$1 yr) and eight aged (69$\pm$4 yr) men volun-teered as subjects They stayed at 1$0^{\circ}C$ in the supine posture during the experiment which included hands or feet exposure to the air for 20 minutes. Hand Exposure (HE) and Foot Exposure (FE) were conducted in radomized order and the baseline was kept before HE and FE. Core temperatures, limb skin temperatures adn thermal sensations were measured. Obtained data were analyze using t-test and correlation. Rectal and esophageal tem-peratures increased in the young (YG) and in aged (AG). Change rate of esophageal temperature (Tes) was maintained higher during FE than HE while rectal temperature showed no differences between YG and AG, and between HE and FE. Hand and foot skintemperature in YG and AG decreased similarly during HE and Fe. Forearm skin temperature during HE decreased while leg skin temperature during FE showed no change HE and Fe. It was concluded that the lower cooling. Furthermore, the increase of Tes was greater in young men than aged men. It is also suggested that the wearing behavior can be differently modified between young and aged men.

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A Study on the Catecholamine under the Room Temperature and $5^{\circ}C$ Refrigerator Environment in Rat (실온과 $5^{\circ}C$ 냉장고 환경에서 흰쥐 Catecholamine 분비에 관한 연구)

  • Hong, Seyng-Eui;Yoon, Tai-Young;Kim, Hyung-Suk
    • Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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    • v.20 no.2 s.22
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    • pp.215-220
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    • 1987
  • Under the extreme change of the environment, animals react physiologically to adapt to the stress and secrete catecholamines. Cold exposure is a kind of the environmental stress. Author tried to determine the amount of catecholamines in rat urine as a parameter of physiological response to cold stress. Urinary catecholamine was measured by using HPLC with fluorescence detector, cation exchange column prepacked with Bio·Rex 70 and ammonium pentaborate as catecholamine eluent. The amount of dopaminc in normal state rat urine was 42.0 ng, but under the low temperature of $5^{\circ}C$, the dopamine amount was increased to 221.25 ng/5 ml. Above findings are suggesting that catecholamine secretion, especially dopamine, increases in the stressful condition such as cold exposure.

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