• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.2 no.5
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• pp.423-429
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• 2000

This study was conducted to find out the relationship between skin temperature and clothing temperature in body parts. Four different kinds of fabrics were used in this experiment. These fabrics were a (Ny/Spun, 81.8/18.2%), b (Wool/Poly/span, 50/45/5%), (Wool/Ny/Span70/25/5) and d (Wool/Poly/Span 45/45/10%). The subjects skated at indoor ice rink where the length was 111.12 m, the temperature was $11{\pm}1^{\circ}C$ and the humidity was $70{\pm}10%$. The four an male professional skaters speed was $17{\pm}1$ seclm/lap. Physiological parameters were skin temperature at 4 body points (chest, upper arm, thigh, leg) and clothing temperature at chest was measured every 15 second. Experiment protocol was as follows: resting before skating (5 min.), skating (5 min.), and resting after skating (10 min.). The results were as follows; The mean skin temperature by fabrics shows b > a > d > c. The mean skin temperature began to decline little by little as soon as the subjects entered the indoor ice rink. After they rested for five minutes, they started skating and the mean skin temperature declined widely. After skating, the mean skin temperature increased step by step. It maintained the similar temperature. The value of skin temperature at body points shows Leg > Chest > Upper arm > Thigh. Because of the characteristics of skating uniforms, the skin temperature of the leg is the highest. The skating uniform was designed to have a protective portion in the leg. The chest produces the highest temperature in the body. The comparison of difference values in skin temperature show Thigh > Upper arm > Chest > Leg. While skating in a cold atmosphere, the largest difference value is clothing temperature. The clothing temperature is lower than the skin temperature during skating. The difference value of clothing temperature is larger than the skin temperature of the chest.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.53 no.9
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• pp.2878-2887
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• 2021

As the amount of fission product released from ISLOCA was overestimated because of conservative assumptions in the past, several studies have been recently conducted to evaluate the actual release amount. Among several pathways for the ISLOCA, most studies were focused on the pathway with the highest possibility. However, different ISLOCA pathways may have different fission product release characteristics. In this study, fission product behavior was analyzed for various pathways at the Westinghouse two-loop plant using MELCOR. Four pathways are considered: the pipes from a cold leg, from a downcomer, from a hot leg to the outlet of RHR heat exchanger, and the pipe from the hot leg to the inlet of RHR pump (Pathway 1-4). According to the analysis results, cladding fails at around 2.5 h in Pathways 1 and 2, and on the other hand, about 3.3 h in Pathways 3 and 4 because the ISLOCA pathways affect the safety injection flow path. While the release amount of cesium and iodine ranges between 20 and 26% in Pathways 1 to 3, Pathway 4 allows only 5% to the environment because the break location is submerged. Also, as more than 90% of cesium released to the environment passes through the personnel door, reinforcing the pressure capacity of the doors would be a significant factor in the accident management of the ISLOCA.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.389-395
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• 2004

Conclusion are drawn from the clinical cases susceptible to Ojuck-san(吳積散) in Hyungsang medicine, as follows ; Ojuck-san is effective to those diseases caused by cold and damp(寒濕). Because cold and damp belongs to Yin pathogeny, Ojuck-san is mainly applied to Yin syndrome of Bangkwang type persons. Ojuck-san is effective in dissolving five kinds of masses accumulated in abdomen, so that it is preferential to the patients who have masses around the umbilicus or in lower abdomen. Ojuck-san is referred in the following chapters of Dongeuibogam(東醫寶鑑) ; uterus, chest, abdomen, loin, upper limbs, lower limbs, cold, and damp. Ojuck-san is applicable to the persons with the following characteristics in Hyungsang; Jijjucksang(地積象), woman, Bangkwang type, fish type, Hyul type, Ki type, Gualeum meridian type, pale lip, bluish thenar eminence, big mouth, smudgy face, thick leg, potbelly and big hips.

• Journal of Korean Medical classics
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.125-135
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• 2007

Eum Syndrom include symptoms which is because by the cold thingsand by the infection of SamEum of TaeEum, SoEum, GualEum in Treatise On Exogenous Febrile Diseases(傷寒論). After Wang HoGo, many medical people had proceed the research of Eum Syndrom, but recently, we have almost never or no nothing research about that. So, I want to make modern base of Eum syndrom, and researched mainly for the "YinZhengLueLi". That can be summarized like below. Eum Syndrom shows firstly red face, tremor, waist-and-leg heaviness, lastly body heaviness, fatigue, narcolepsy, congestion of the pupils because of from exogenous attack of wind-cold, impairment of spleen due to Cold things, and dew and mist and rain and damp's invation by mouth and nose, greedy of sexual desire, So, in the diagnosis of Eum Syndrom, we have to look over precisely the color and pulse, especially, by pulse. We can know that, he used the prescription which are have heating kidney function, Byuklyuksan, Jungyangsan, Huahamsan, Huiyangdan, Baneumdan etc, and the prescription which are have strengthening spleen and kidney, Bujasan, Yukgyesan, Bakchulsan etc. So, we can know that he was very interested in deficiency and cold of kidney's function. While, he newly made the prescriptions of Sinchultang, Bakchultang, Huanggitang, Jujunghuan, and he used various prescriptions.

• Proceedings of the Korean Nuclear Society Conference
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• 1996.11a
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• pp.328-333
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• 1996

Boric acid concentrations of the refueling water storage tank (RWST) and the accumulators for Ulchin 1&2 (UCN 1&2) are increased to meet the post loss of coolant accident (post-LOCA) shutdown requirement for the extended fuel cycles from 12 months to 18 months. To maintain long term cooling (LTC) capability following a LOCA, the switchover tine is examined using BORON code to prevent the boron precipitation in the reactor core with the increased boron concentrations. The analysis results show that, at 8 hours after the initiation of LOCA. the emergency core noting system (ECCS) should be manually realigned to the simultaneous recirculation mode from the cold leg recirculation mode.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.16 no.1 s.29
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• pp.21-35
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• 1995

The female's part-cold hypersensitivity syndrome is a disease which the oriental people better than the western people suffer from and if it would be sick for a long time, it could bring into the other diseases. In the Oriental Medicine, the coldness is regarded as one of the most important causes which induce female's diseases. Nowadays the number of the female patients are ascending that serously appeal the coldness-sense and pain-sense at the particular part of the body, for example, hand, foot, abdomen, waist, external genital portion and so on. These are caused by female's own characteristics of the menstration and delivery, and the influence of the circumstances. The Oriental Medicine have better effects by the diagnosis and treatment according per symptom in the contrast with the Western Medicine having difficulties in the point of accurate diagnosis and treatment. This epidemiologic study was undertaken by using specifically designed questionair and physical examination to evaluate the incidence and degree of female's part-cold hypersensitivity syndrome in 362 parous women, Who were randomly selected among the patients visiting the Department of Gynecology, Kyung Hee Medical Center from Feb. to Jul. 1995. The results were as follows: 1. The overall incident of female's part-cold hypersensitivity syndrome was 92.8%. 2. Subdivision of 336 patients was made according to severity Grade I - 31.9%, severity Grade II - 46.9%, severity Grade III - 21.4%. 3. As for the appealed portion of female's part-cold hypersensitivity syndrome, foot and hand, lower abdomen, knee, waist, hip, shoulder, leg, and ankle were in desending order. 4. As for the causes of female's part-cold hypersensitivity syndrome, it was deeply associated with the management of the abortion, delivery and puerperium. 5. The incidence of female's part-cold hypersensitivity syndrome did not show incerased tenency according to the quantity and quality of female's menstration, leukorrhea, and the increase of parity. 6. 165 patients among 336 patients wanted the treatments of the Oriental Medicine.

• Proceedings of the Korean Nuclear Society Conference
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• 1999.10a
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• pp.131.1-131
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• 1999

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.177-195
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• 2009

Objectives : This study is performed to investigate the acupuncture on Sciatica through the literature of oriental medicine. Methods : We collected the oriental medical literature from ancient to modern times, and extracted the causes, symptoms, treatments and acupoints of sciatica. Results : The findings of this study are as follows: 1. The etiology of Sciatica is differentiated into the exogenous pathogenic factors(wind, cold, dampness, trauma, bad posture) and the internal pathogenic factors(deficiency of the kidney energy, congenital debility). 2. The symptoms of Sciatica are pain, weakness and dysesthesia in the low back, hip and lower limb. 3. In the treatment of Sciatica, The Leg Greater Yang Bladder (BL) Meridian and The Leg Lesser Yang Gall Bladder (GB) Meridian out of 12 meridians were mainly used and the acupoint GB30(Hwando) was most frequently used in the acupuncture literature. 4. The number of acupoints used for sciatica was 95, and those acupoints in the order of frequency were GB30(Hwando), GB34(Yangnungch'on), BL40(Wijung), BL60(Kollyun), GB31(P'ungshi), GB39(Hyonjong), BL57(Sungsan), ST36(Chok-samni). Conclusion : The most frequently used acupoints for the treatment of sciatica are as follows; GB30(Hwando), GB34(Yangnungch'on), GB31(P'ungshi), GB39(Hyonjong) of The Leg Lesser Yang Gall Bladder Meridian, BL40(Wijung), BL60(Kollyun), BL57(Sungsan) of The Leg Greater Yang Bladder Meridian.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.294-301
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• 1989

The Axial Power Distribution Monitoring System(APDMS) program was developed to calculate a detailed axial power distribution using two-level excore detector, cold leg temperature and control rod position signals. The unnormalized two-level excore detector signals were corrected for the rod shadowing factor determined by control rod position and for the temperature shadowing factor calculated based on cold leg temperature. A shape annealing matrix was then applied to the corrected excore detector response to yield peripheral power. After the core average power was obtained using linear relationship bet-ween core average and peripheral power, the boundary point power correction coefficient was applied to core average power in order to obtain boundary power for both upper and lower core axial boundaries. Then, the axial power distribution was synthesized by spline approximation. In spite of burnup, power level, control rod postion and axial offset changes, the comparisons of axial power distributions between BOXER simulation program and APDMS results showed good agreements within 5% root mean square error for Kori Unit 3 Cycle 4.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.52-62
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• 2019

Objectives : The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of Zingiberis Rhizoma Pharmacopuncture(ZP) at GB30 and ST36 in neuropathic pain induced SD rats by the block of Transient Receptor Potential Vanilloid 1(TRPV1). Methods : Neuropathic pain in rats was induced by tibial and common peroneal nerve transection of right leg. The rat subjects were divided into 6 groups : normal(Nor, n=5), control(Con, n=5), neuropathic pain plus 2 mg/kg ZP injection at GB30 and ST36(ZP-A, n=5), 10 mg/kg ZP(ZP-B, n=5), 20 mg/kg ZP(ZP-C, n=5) and 0.45 mg/kg Tramadol(Tra, n=5). Three days after the surgery, injections were administered once a day for 17 days. Withdrawal response of neuropathic rats' legs were measured by stimulating the paw of Right leg with von frey filament, acetone and radient heat on day 3, 7, 11, 15, 19 after surgery. After all treatments were completed, c-Fos in the midbrain central gray and TRPV1 & TRPA1 of DRG(L5) were analyzed. Results : Groups ZP-B and ZP-C showed a meaningful decrease in the withdrawal response of mechanical allodynia, thermal hyperalgesia and cold allodynia compared to the control group(p<0.05, p<0.01, p<0.001). Groups ZP-B and ZP-C showed a meaningful decrease in the expression of c-fos and TRPV1 protein level compared to the control group(p<0.05, p<0.01, p<0.001). Conclusions : These results suggest that Zingiberis Rhizoma Pharmacopuncture at GB30 and ST36 could decrease mechanical & cold allodynia and thermal hyperalgesia by block the TRPV1 on the model of neuropathic pain.