• International Journal of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
• /
• v.10 no.3
• /
• pp.59-64
• /
• 2018

A cooperative spectrum sensing has been proposed to improve the sensing performance in cognitive radio (CR) network. However, cooperative sensing causes additional overhead for reporting the result of local sensing to the fusion center. In this paper, we propose a technique to reduce the overhead of data transmission of cooperative sensing for applying the quantum data fusion technique in cognitive radio networks by omitting the lowest quantized in the local sensed results. If a CR node senses the lowest quantized level, it will not send its local sensing data in the corresponding sensing period. The fusion center can implcitly know that a spectific CR node sensed lowest level if there is no report from that CR node. The goal of proposed sensing policy is to reduce the overhead of quantized data fusion scheme for cooperative sensing. Also, our scheme can be adapted to all quantized data fusion schemes because it only deal with the form of the quantized data report. The experimental results show that the proposed scheme improves performance in terms of reporting overhead.

• Korean Journal of Cognitive Science
• /
• v.3 no.1
• /
• pp.1-24
• /
• 1991

This paper presents the Lexical Ambiguity Resolution System of Korean Language. This system uses Dependency grammar and Collative Semantics. Dependency grammar is used to analyze Korean syntactic dependency. A robust way to analyze a sentence is to establish links between individual words. Collative Semantics investigates the interplay between lexical ambiguity and semantics relations. Collative Semantics consists of sense-frame, semantic vector, collation, and screening. Our system was implemented by C programming language. This system analyzes sentences, discriminates the kinds of semantic relation between pairs of words senses in those sentences, and resolves lexical ambiguity.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea TC
• /
• v.48 no.3
• /
• pp.28-35
• /
• 2011

Cooperative ARQ scheme is effective for better QoS guarantee for the next generation mobile communication systems where multimedia data transmission highly increases. In this paper, we propose a cooperative ARQ strategy in ad hoc cognitive relays for mobile multimedia communication for supporting instantaneous cooperation in MANET environment. In the proposed strategy, to support real time, delay-sensitive services, whenever a frame is transmitted from the source, each relay actively senses the SINR of the signal transmitted from the source, and determine whether to propose retransmission or not before the destination transmits feedback signal. To minimize the false retransmission decision or needless retransmission, we propose an adaptive sensing threshold optimization algorithm to maintain suboptimal sensing thresholds for each relay. By computer simulation, it is shown that the proposed cooperative ARQ retransmission scheme outperforms the conventional schemes with respect to frame transmission delay and frame loss probability in real time multimedia data transmission system.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
• /
• v.34 no.5A
• /
• pp.391-400
• /
• 2009

Recently, cellular communication networks are migrating from 2G to 3G. Spectrum utilization tends to be inefficient during the transition. Cognitive radio (CR) technology can be a key solution to increase spectrum efficiency by allowing secondary networks to utilize frequency resource of primary networks. However, conventional CR approaches which do not utilize the frequency reuse factor of primary networks may incur degradation of whole network performance. In this paper, we propose a mechanism that a secondary network senses pilot signals of a primary network and select optimum frequency bands. In order to maximize whole network performance, we formulate an optimization problem subject to interference constraints for a primary network and present algorithms. Simulation results compare the proposed method with the conventional method. Our proposed method shows performance gain over the conventional method if channel variation of a primary network is dynamic and the frequency reuse factor of a primary network is high.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
• /
• v.35 no.9A
• /
• pp.859-867
• /
• 2010

In this paper, we consider a novel spectrum sensing system in which firstly, the fusion center (FC) senses and makes the own decision then if its sensing result is not useful for achieving the final decision, the local observations from the cognitive users (CUs) will be required. Moreover, in case that FC needs the results from CUs, we will choose only CU having the highest collected energy to send its local decision to FC. Based on this selecting method, the number of sensing bits can be reduced; hence, we can save the power and the bandwidth for reporting stage in the cognitive radio network (CRN). The mathematical analysis of the key metrics of the sensing schemes (probability of detection, false alarm, e.g.) will be investigated and confirmed by the Monte-Carlo simulation results to show the performance enhancement of the proposed schemes.

• Cartoon and Animation Studies
• /
• s.9
• /
• pp.94-111
• /
• 2005

Sight is one of the Important physical function of understand and express everyday life or artistic worts. 80% of the whole cognitive information on things and spaces comes from sight among man's five sense. This proves that the function of sight has much influence upon senses and perceptions, and such influence evokes a varier of emotional response. Emotion is an important element in framing an animation work, and need various equipment to evoke audience's impressions. Such elements as event, circumstance, time, and space are equipments for the emotional experience of audience.

• The Journal of Korea Institute of Information, Electronics, and Communication Technology
• /
• v.8 no.1
• /
• pp.75-78
• /
• 2015

Electric shock due to the increased use of power, equipment accidents, electrical accidents, such as electric fire and also continues to grow. To prevent electric shock accidents, an experience education is more effective than indoctrination education. But an electric shock experience education system required a proper physical stimulation on human body to experience electric shock. In this study, we conducted a study to take advantage of the realistic haptic interface using a low-frequency type experiential learning and prevention education. Results of this study could be applied to an electric shock experience education system.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
• /
• v.38 no.4
• /
• pp.282-288
• /
• 2021

Medication alone is not sufficient to treat insomnia. In addition, the side effects of sleep medications themselves cannot be ignored during treatment. Insomnia begins with poor sleep quality and discomfort, but as it continues, patients fall into a vicious circle of insomnia with negative thoughts and dysfunctional and distorted perceptions related to sleep. Mindfulness-based intervention for insomnia corrects these sequential cognitive and behavioral processes. The mindfulness technique basically recognizes all the thoughts, feelings, and experiences that occur to us as they are, nonjudgmentally, and then trains them to return to the senses of our body. In this way, while noticing all the processes of the sequential vicious cycle and training them to return to our bodies (e.g., breathing), mindfulness determines whether we are really sleepy or just fatigued. This mindfulness-based intervention can be a useful nonpharmaceutical intervention for insomnia, and its stability and efficacy has been proven by many studies.

• Cartoon and Animation Studies
• /
• s.38
• /
• pp.71-91
• /
• 2015

This study is a process to study the life drawing teaching method considering professional characteristics in animation and has a study objective to design the model and teaching method which applies the strategies considering the creative mechanism of the brain. Recently, study results about integrated teaching method are being announced which apply brain based learning principles as the alternative arguments about teaching methods in each area based on creativeness. In other words, integrated education based on creative mechanism in the brain is applied not only to fine arts and drawing education, but also to the entire areas of the arts. Life drawing is an area which demands comprehensive teaching method that vivid expressions could be skillfully obtained by understanding the communication methods with the objects through cognitive senses, creativeness and movements beyond the structural knowledge about human body. Therefore in this study, the strategies and methods for the skillfulness of life drawing and consequently arranged education model structure drawing are to be designed based on the creativeness, study materials and content factors which were analyzed in previous stages of this study. In order to combine the content factors based on creativeness and study materials of the brain which are the results of previous studies, the conclusion has been reached that 5 step cognitive strategy stages to wake brain senses, flexibilize the brain, purify the brain, integrate the brain and become the master of the brain. Strategic methods to execute this were designed with brain gym, right brain energization drawing and HSP(high-level cognizance) training. Teaching and learning model structure diagram which is designed based on this is to be continued to teaching and learning guidelines during the relevant semesters after the research.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
• /
• v.22 no.2
• /
• pp.167-175
• /
• 2013

This study aims to suggest a direction for interior space design for fashion flagship stores in the future where the brand identity can become correctly recognized by the consumers, and consumers can have various and differentiated experiences. As research method, theoretical concept review and case study on brand communication and VMD were used. Specifically, for review on brand communication, concept, strategies, and space types were explored, and, for review on VMD, concept, purpose, and expressive elements were researched. Also, the study looked at the relevance between and importance of strategy types of brand communication and VMD. Through these reviews, strategy types of brand communication and analysis criteria for VMD application were written based on the research and analysis of 8 cases in Korean and elsewhere. The results of this study is as follows: Based on marketing-oriented thinking with understanding of VMD, the plan must accurately understand the image and identity pursued by the brand, take into account the store layout, atmosphere, product concept, trend, and display, so that the store can communicate with the customers with cognitive consistency, diversity of senses, and differentiation from other companies. Currently, fashion flagship stores in Korea are concentrated on sales in expressing VMD, and, therefore, are difficult to deliver brand identity to consumers and they require diversity in expressive elements in doing so. Therefore, in the interior space design of fashion flagship stores in Korea, brand communication must enhance cognitive, behavioral, relationship, and culture marketing, and, requires confirming VMD expression in details by linking with brand communication and specific expressions based on it.