• 지역사회간호학회지
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.107-117
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• 2017

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to examine the cognitive function in the elderly and to identify the influencing factors. Methods: The design of this study was descriptive research design. A total of 139 elderly people (aged 65 years and over) visiting the electroencephalogram (EEG) center in Seoul, Korea were evaluated. Data were assessed by self-administered questionnaires and CNS Vital Signs (CNSVS). Data were analyzed using SPSS Statistics 23.0 for Windows. Results: There were significant differences in the Korean Mini-Mental State Examination (K-MMSE), executive functions and reasoning according to education level. K-MMSE, visual memory and executive functions were different depending on the jobs. Age was highly correlated with cognitive function. In addition, stepwise multiple regression analyses showed that the factor significantly associated with reaction time and visual memory was depression. Depression and Trait-Anxiety had significant impacts on executive functions and K-MMSE. Conclusion: CNSVS enabled the accurate and objective measurement of cognitive function. Therefore, this study provides useful data to improve cognitive function of the community-dwelling elderly. The results suggested that there is need for comprehensive interventional programs that manage cognitive impairment.

• Asia pacific journal of information systems
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.156-175
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• 2017

The proposed conceptual framework is based in the relationships among knowledge of personal information security, trust on the personal information security policies of parcel delivery service companies, privacy concern, trust in and risk of parcel delivery services, and user satisfaction with parcel delivery services. Drawing upon both cognitive theory of emotion and cognitive emotion theory that complement each other, we propose a research model and examine the relationships between cognitive and emotional factors and the usage of parcel delivery services. The proposed model is validated using data from customers who have previously used parcel delivery services. The results show a significant relationship between the cognitive and affective factors and the usage of parcel delivery services. This study enhances our understanding of parcel delivery services based on the consumers' psychological processes and presents useful implications on the importance of privacy and security in these services.

• 보건행정학회지
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.493-504
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• 2020

Background: There have been many studies on the associations between body mass index (BMI) and cognitive function. However, no study has ever compared the associations across the methods of categorizing BMI. In this study, we aimed to fill the gap in the previous studies and examine whether the obesity paradox is valid in the risk of cognitive function. Methods: Of the 10,254 people aged 45 and older from the Korean Longitudinal Study of Ageing from 2006 to 2016, 8,970 people were finalized as the study population. The dependent variable was whether a person has a normal cognitive function or not, and the independent variables of interest were BMI categorized by the World Health Organization Western Pacific Regional Office (WHO-WPRO) method, the WHO method, and a 10-group method. Covariates included sociodemographic factors, health behavior factors, and health status factors. A generalized linear mixed model analysis with a logit link was used. Results: In the adjusted model with all covariates, first, in the case of BMI categories of the WHO-WPRO method, underweight (odds ratio [OR], 1.16; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.15-1.17), overweight (OR, 1.36; 95% CI, 1.35-1.36), and obese (OR, 1.34; 95% CI, 1.33-1.34) groups were more likely to have a normal cognitive function than a normal-weight group. Next, in the case of BMI categories of the WHO method, compared to a normal-weight group, underweight (OR, 1.15; 95% CI, 1.14-1.16) and overweight (OR, 1.06; 95% CI, 1.06-1.07) groups were more likely to have a normal cognitive function; however, obese (OR, 0.62; 95% CI, 0.61-0.63) group was less likely to have it. Lastly, in the case of the 10-group method, as BMI increased, the likelihood to have a normal cognitive function changed like a wave, reaching a global top at group-7 (26.5 kg/㎡ ≤ BMI <28.0 kg/㎡). Conclusion: The associations between BMI and cognitive function differed according to how BMI was categorized among people aged 45 and older in Korea, which suggests that cognitive function may be positively associated with BMI in some categories of BMI but negatively in its other categories. Health policies to reduce cognitive impairment need to consider this association between BMI and cognitive function.

• 한국체육학회지인문사회과학편
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• 제55권2호
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• pp.603-615
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• 2016

본 연구는 건강한 중년여성 28명을 대상으로 강도별 유산소운동을 12주간 주 3회로 실시하여 혈압, 레닌-알도스테론계, 신경전달물질 및 인지기능, 작업기억의 변화와 처치 후 인지기능에 영향을 미치는 요인을 분석하고자 실시하였다. 모집된 대상자를 통제집단 9명, 중강도 유산소운동집단 10명(50%V02max), 고강도 유산소운동집단 9명(70%V02max)으로 구분하여 처치 전과 후 반복측정 분산분석과 다중회귀분석을 실시한 결과 다음과 같은 결과가 나타났다. 중강도 유산소운동은 레닌, BDNF, 인지기능과 작업기억을 증가시키고, 알도스테론, 안지오텐신II, 알도스테론-레닌 비율을 감소시켰다. 고강도 유산소운동은 BDNF, 인지기능, 작업기억을 증가시키고 수축기혈압을 감소시켰다. 또한 강도별 유산소운동 후 인지기능에 미치는 요인을 회귀분석한 결과 중강도 유산소운동은 이완기혈압, 레닌-알도스테론 비율의 감소와 작업기억, BDNF의 증가가 인지기능에 영향을 미쳤고, 고강도 유산소운동은 작업기억 BDNF, 세로토닌의 증가가 인지기능에 영향을 미쳤다. 따라서 중강도 이상의 유산소운동은 중년여성의 인지기능 및 작업기억을 향상시키는 것을 알 수 있었다. 또한 인지기능 향상에 영향을 미치는 대사적 요인으로 중강도 유산소운동은 레닌-알도스테론 조절과 작업기억이었고 고강도 유산소운동은 신경전달물질과 작업기억으로 나타났다.

• 산경연구논집
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• 제10권11호
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• pp.57-69
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• 2019

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to investigate systematic and comprehensive explanation about safety behavior by applying integrated model of Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) and Social Cognitive Theory (SCT). By showing the interrelationship of effects of factors affecting safety behavior in a single model, comprehensive understanding regarding safety behavior will be possible. Research design, data, and methodology: This study try to integrate the two theory, TPB and SCT, to introduce background factors, such as safety culture, affecting cognitive factors of subjective norm, safety attitude, perceived behavioral control, safety consciousness, which are again affecting behavior intention of the TPB. We composed 73 questionnaire to analyse the relationship among factors affecting safety behavior. The questionnaire were distributed to stewards and stewardesses of KAL, ASIANA, and LCCs. 422 were collected and used for analysis. Factor analysis, regression analysis, and control effect analysis were conducted using SPSS windows version 2.0. Results: The safety culture, safety atmosphere, and safety education/training were turned out to affect subjective norm, safety attitude, perceived behavioral control, safety consciousness. And the cognitive factors also showed to affect safety intention significantly. The results that safety intention affects safety behavior was found. Also there are control effect of cost consciousness and punishment while safety intention affects safety behavior. Conclusions: Safety is the virtue that should be given first priority to in our daily life. To secure safety, everyone in an organization should have high level of safety intention and conduct safety behavior. The study results provide systematic and comprehensive understandings on the relationship among factors affecting cabin crews' safety behavior. The results will help design safety related regulations, education/training, and support employees to engage in safety behavior related activities.

• 한국경영과학회지
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• 제32권4호
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• pp.37-50
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• 2007

Dramatic development of information technology requires new type of sales strategy to enterprise S/W dealers. That is, one should thoroughly consider diversified types of enterprise S/W and more elaborated consumer needs to establish successful sales strategy. However, various factors that should be considered in establishing enterprise S/W sales strategy are different according to types of enterprise S/W and hard to be managed systematically which led to the current situation where they have not been discussed enough. Therefore, this study introduced the relationship between the factors that affect selection of enterprise S/W using the concept of cognitive map on various enterprise S/W sales cases. Through this process, this study grouped the cognitive maps of similar cases to introduce their characteristics and made this result to be practically useful to enterprise S/W sales strategy.

• 한국도서관정보학회지
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• 제22권
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• pp.245-276
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• 1995

This study analyzed the process of information service and its factors in the cognitive viewpoint. And developed a conceptual model to help in developing future information systems and services. The results of this study were summarized as follows : 1) The paradigm of information user study is changing from the system-centered to the user-centered one. 2) The researchers describe the user's internal cognitive process as the starting point of the information service. 3) The user's personal cognitive process influence the process of the information service over. And the focus is a microscopic one including the factors of the perception and recognition of the stimulus, remembering and searching information, reasoning the rules, recognition of the patterns, formalization of the concepts, etc. 4) The information librarian performs the role as a knowledge/ information system interface, and his knowledge structure reflects the organization of that knowledge/information system. 5) The information librarians can perform their role as information specialists actively and offensively. And the performance of the librarians can be measured on the scales of the su n.0, pplying capability of relevant information and the client satisfaction.

• 대한인간공학회지
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.25-35
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• 1995

For information processing tasks, it is an important cognitive skill to manipulate and store information, which is known as information intake. One of the tasks which greatly involve this skill would be a spreadsheet calculation task. In this study, a spreadsheet calculation task is analyzed by the cognitive task analysis based on the cognitive factors having been usef for a model of human information processing. By the results of the cognitive task analysis, the spreadsheet calculation tasks to be used in the experiments are designed and the testbattery of cognitive abilities assessment (CCAB ; complex cognitive asssessment battery) are selected. Then, the features of cognitive demands and a human performance model of the spreadsheet calculation task are suggested by means of correlation analysis, principal component factor analysis, and regression analysis of the results of the experiments on task performances and the assessment of cognitive abilities. Also, the application of the results of the study to job placement and further research issues are described.

• 한국간호교육학회지
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.48-63
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• 2000

This study was designed and undertaken to find out the degree of powerlessness, perception of health and cognitive level of elderly home residents and to determine the factors influencing powerlessness, perception of health and cognitive level. The data were collected from October 1st to 20th, 1998. The subjects in this study were 271 elderly home residents over the age 60 living in Taejon city. The study tool for measuring powerlessness was developed by S.E. Chung(1998), the other for measuring perception of health was a self-rating scale defined by Mossey & Shapiro (1982), and the tool for measuring cognitive level was developed by Kahn, Goldfarb, Pollack and Peck(1960). Data were analysed for percentage, mean, t-test, and ANOVA using the SPSS program. The results of this study were as follows ; 1. The degree of powerlessness, perception of health and cognitive level was scored above the median. 2. The degree of the elderly' powerlessness was statistically significantly different in three demographic variables; sex, one's state of health compared to other elderly' and living expense load. 3. Perception of one's health was statistically significantly different in four demographic variables; sex, marital status, educational level and monthly money. 4. Cognitive level of the elderly was statistically significantly different in three demographic variables; age, educational level and one's health of state compared to other elderly' health. In conclusion, the factors influencing the elderly' powerlessness, perception of health and cognitive level generally were age, sex, their economic independence, marital status, and educational level. Also, this study indicates that social welfare for the elderly could be effective in reducing their powerlessness and enhancing their health of state and cognitive level.

• 보건행정학회지
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.522-537
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• 2012

The purpose of this study was to analyze the level of the cognitive function and activities of daily living of the beneficiary older adults at home based on Korean Long-term Care Insurance System. A cross-sectional descriptive survey was conducted from November 2010 to May 2011, the final respondents were 1,026 beneficiary older adults taking home visit care covered in Korean long-term care insurance system. The questionnaire included general characteristics of subjects, cognitive function, ADL(Activity of daily living). The data was analyzed using the SPSS 20.0 version. There was significant difference in cognitive function and ADL between 1st Grade, 2nd Grade and 3rd Grade of long-term care classification. The correlated factors of cognitive function were ADL, long-term care grade, disability of arm and leg, limitation of joint, bed sore and tube feeding. The correlated factors of ADL were cognitive function, long-term care grade, disability of arm and leg, bed sore and tube feeding. This study suggests that cognitive functions have to be mainly considered in long-term care grade. It is necessary to make an effort to develop long-term care grade in Korean long-term care insurance system an cognitive function improvement program for the beneficiary older adults. Above all things government will be seriously contemplating of revise contents for long-term care grade to provide quality of care for the older adults.