• 대한간호학회지
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• 제46권6호
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• pp.848-857
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• 2016

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate factors affecting frailty by age groups among vulnerable elders in Korea. Methods: In this secondary analysis, data were collected from records for 22,868 elders registered in the Visiting Health Management program of Public Health Centers in 2012. Health behaviors, clinically diagnosed disease, frailty, depression and cognitive condition were assessed. Data were analyzed using stepwise regression to determine the associated factors of frailty by age group. Results: Alcohol consumption, physical activity, number of diseases, DM, CVA, arthritis, urinary incontinence, depression and cognitive condition were found to be factors significantly associated with frailty among the elders aged 65~74 (F=135.66, p <.001). Alcohol consumption, physical activity, CVA, arthritis, urinary incontinence, depression and cognitive condition were found to be factors associated with frailty in the elders aged 75~84 (F=245.40, p <.001). Physical activity, CVA, arthritis, depression and cognitive condition were factors associated with frailty in the elders over 85 years of age (F=96.48, p <.001). Conclusion: The findings show that frailty of elders and associated factors were different by age group, and common factors affecting frailty were physical activity, CVA, arthritis, depression and cognitive condition. Thus, these factors should be considered in the development of intervention program for care and prevention of frailty and program should be modified according to age group.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• 제61권6호
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• pp.379-387
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• 2019

The purpose of this study is to identify the effects of a group integrated intervention program that simultaneously conducts cognitive activities, physical activities, emotional activities and social interactions by integrating animal-assisted therapy (AAT) and integrated elderly play therapy based on the cognitive functions and depression of the elderly who live alone. This study follows a pre-test post-test design with a nonequivalent control group, to verify the effectiveness of a group integrated intervention. It applies a group integrated intervention program to 20 elderly people who live alone, aged 65 and above (10 in the experimental group, 10 in the control group), once a week for 90 minutes across eight weeks. The study went through MMSE-K, TMT-A and GDSSF-A to assess cognitive functions and the level of depression. The group integrated intervention increased the cognitive functions of the experimental group and decreased levels of depression. Therefore, this study verified that a group integrated intervention program of AAT and integrated play therapy of the elderly, is an effective for increasing cognitive functions and decreasing depression levels of the elderly who live alone. Based on these findings, the study suggests that there is a need to continuously expand group integrated intervention programs and provide relevant political support.

• 지역사회간호학회지
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.427-437
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• 2013

Purpose: This study was conducted to test effects of a cognition activation program on ADL, cognitive functions, depression, and QOL in the institutionalized elderly. Methods: The subjects were 40 elders who were admitted to a nursing home, with 20 of them in the experimental group and the other 20 in the control group. Data were collected from September 1 to December 17, 2012. The experimental group participated in a 12 week intervention program. ADL, cognitive functions, depression, and QOL were measured before and after the intervention. Data were analyzed by t-test and regression analysis of the SPSS and AMOS programs. Results: ADL (t=2.468, p=.017), depression (t=-2.625, p=012), and QOL (t=2.428, p=.020) were more significantly improved in the experimental group than in the control group, but there were no statistical differences in cognitive function between the two groups. Cognitive functions had positive effects on ADL (CR=-2.263, p=.024) and depression affected QOL (CR=-7.248, p<.001). Conclusion: The intervention program had positive effects on ADL, depression, and QOL except cognition. Cognitive functions of elders dramatically decrease after age 85, and it takes too much time to improve it. Therefore the program for the improvement of cognitive functions should be provided as early as possible.

• 성인간호학회지
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.171-182
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• 2012

Purpose: This study aimed to identify depression and its predictors among Korean community-dwelling elderly with mild cognitive impairment. Methods: Secondary data analyses of the data collected by the "Study on tailored integration program for reinforcing cognitive and physical function of the frail elderly. The study used data from one-to-one interviews using structured questionnaires. The subjects were 346 community-dwelling elderly who visited a healthcare center in Seoul, Korea. A descriptive correlational study design was utilized to explore depression and its predictors including physical factors and psychosocial factors among the elderly with mild cognitive impairment. Data were analyzed using t-test, Pearson's correlation, and hierarchical regression. Results: Mean score of depression was within normal limit $11.61{\pm}6.69$. Somatic symptoms, negative life events (severity), social support were shown as significant predictors of depression. The most influential predictor for depression was somatic symptoms (${\beta}$=.340, $p$ <.001). Conclusion: To prevent and relieve depression in the elderly with mild cognitive impairment, nursing intervention strategies which consider well-balanced physical and psychosocial aspects are needed. In particular, a specific nursing intervention strategy is required to improve physical health of the elderly with mild cognitive impairment.

• 한국엔터테인먼트산업학회논문지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.229-236
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• 2021

본 연구의 목적은 작업기반 중재와 전산화인지치료의 결합 중재를 통해 뇌졸중 환자의 심리사회적 기능과 인지 기능 및 우울감에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지 알아보고자 하는 것이다. 뇌졸중 환자 23명을 실험집단 11명, 대조집단 12명으로 나누어 진행하였으며, 실험집단과 대조집단은 4주간, 30분씩의 CoTras를 받았으며, 실험집단의 추가적으로 CoTras 시작 이전에 30분간 작업기반 중재를 받았다. 총 4주간, 20회 진행되었다. 평가는 자기 효능감 척도, 스트레스 척도, 우울척도, 신경행동학적 인지 상태 검사를 사용하였다. 연구 결과, 실험집단은 자기 효능감과 스트레스, 우울의 개선에 대조집단보다 더 유의미한 개선을 나타냈으며, 인지 기능에서 실험집단은 대조집단과 작은 효과의 크기차이를 보였다. 본 연구를 근거로 뇌졸중 환자의 심리사회적 요인과 우울증, 인지 기능의 개선을 위해 CoTras와 함께 작업기반 중재가 동시에 수행되는 것을 활용할 수 있을 것이다.

• 재활복지
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.209-226
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• 2017

본 연구는 뇌졸중 환자의 기억신념과 우울, 인지기능과의 관계를 알아보기 위하여 실시하였다. 연구는 G광역시와 전라남도 소재의 병원에서 뇌졸중으로 진단 후 재활치료를 받고 있는 환자 88명을 대상으로 일반적 특성과 기억효능감 질문지, 기억통제감 척도 설문지, Beck Depression Inventory, 한국판 몬트리올 인지평가를 이용하여 정보를 수집한 값을 분석하였다. 연구 결과 기억효능감은 학력, 동거상태, 경제상태, 발병횟수에서, 기억통제감은 경제 상태에서 유의한 차이를 보였다(p<.05). 우울은 발병시기에서, 인지기능은 성별, 연령, 학력, 동거형태, 발병횟수에서 유의한 차이를 보였다(p<.05). 기억효능감은 기억통제감, 인지기능과는 정적 상관을, 우울과는 부적 상관을 보였으며, 기억통제감은 우울과 부적 상관을 보였다(p<.05). 그리고 우울은 인지기능과 부적 상관을 보였다. 인지기능에는 기억효능감과 기억통제감, 우울이 모두 영향을 미치는 것을 알 수 있었다(p<.05). 본 연구의 결과를 기반으로 뇌졸중 환자의 재활치료에 있어 긍정적 기분을 유발하여 우울과 같은 부정적인 정서를 감소시키며 인지기능의 회복에 대한 기억신념을 촉진하기 위한 다각적인 재활치료 프로그램 개발이 이루어져야 할 것으로 생각된다.

• 성인간호학회지
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• 제28권6호
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• pp.691-700
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• 2016

Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of a computerized cognitive training on older adults affected by mild cognitive impairment (MCI) in terms of cognitive function, depression, self-esteem, and activities of daily living (ADL). Methods: This study used a non-equivalent control group non-synchronized design. A total of 53 older adults who reside in long-term care facilities were recruited, 26 subjects for an experimental group and 27 subjects for a control group. A computerized cognitive training was performed for 20~40 minutes/day, three days/week for ten weeks. Data were analyzed using SPSS/WIN 21.0 with $x^2$ test, Fisher's exact test, and t-test. Results: Scores of MMSE (t=3.30, p=.002), depression (t=-2.15, p=.036), and self-esteem (t=2.76, p=.008) were significantly better in the experimental group than the control group. However, the difference in ADL (t=-1.01, p=.316) was not significant between the two groups. Conclusion: These findings suggest that the computerized cognitive training can be used as an effective nursing intervention to improve cognitive function and self-esteem and lower depression among older adults with MCI.

• 성인간호학회지
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• 제20권5호
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• pp.675-684
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• 2008

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship among cognitive function, depression, social support, and self-care in elderly with hypertension. Methods: The subjects were 132 elderly with hypertension living in Seoul, Korea. Data were collected through face-to-face interviews using the Korean version of Mini-Mental State Examination(MMSE-K), Short form geriatric depression scale, social support questionnaire 6, and hypertension self-care scale. Results: Thirty-four percent of the subjects had questionable dementia and forty-two percent of the subjects were depressed. Means for social support were 2.40 for network size and 4.07 for satisfaction. The mean score of hypertension self-care was 60.34, indicating that the subjects took care of themselves moderately well. Cognitive function was negatively related to depression. Social support network and satisfaction were negatively related to depression. Self-care was negatively related to social support network. Conclusion: Programs are needed for elderly with hypertension to improve their cognitive function, depression, and social support. Also further studies are needed to confirm the factors related to self-care in the elderly with hypertension.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제46권3호
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• pp.420-430
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• 2016

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to test a hypothetical model of chemotherapy-related cognitive impairment (CRCI) and depression in people with gastrointestinal cancer. Methods: A purposive sample of 198 patients undergoing chemotherapy was recruited from November 2014 to July 2015. The instruments were Everyday Cognition (ECog), Hospital Anxiety Depression Scale (HADS), Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy-Fatigue (FACIT-F), and M. D. Anderson Symptom Inventory-Gastrointestinal Cancer Module. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, correlation, and path analysis. Results: CRCI was directly affected by cancer symptoms (${\beta}=.19$, p=.004) and fatigue (${\beta}=.56$, p<.001)($R^2=47.2%$). Depression was directly affected by fatigue (${\beta}=.48$, p<.001) and CRCI (${\beta}=.27$, p<.001). However, The impact of cancer symptoms on depression was confirmed through the mediating effect of CRCI. Conclusion: Results indicate that in patients with gastrointestinal cancer undergoing chemotherapy along with the direct physiologic effects (fatigue, symptoms) of cancer treatment may have altered cognitive function leading to depression.

• 지역사회간호학회지
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.378-387
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• 2008

Purpose: The purposes of this study were to investigate factors related to the depression of the elderly dwelling in a big city, and to explore the influence of physical health, cognitive symptom and nutritional status on the elders' depression. Methods: After the approval of the Institutional Review Board (IRB) and obtaining the participants' consent form, a face to face and private interview was conducted with each participant from Mar, 2007 to Aug, 2007 by trained graduate level students. A total of 201 elders aged over 65 years participated in the study. The questionnaire consisted of K GDS, PHQ 15 and Nutritional Screening Initiative (NSI). Collected data were analyzed with the SPSS 13.0 program, which was used for frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation, Pearson correlation coefficients, and multiple regression. Results: The major findings of this study were as follows. 1) 28.4% of the subjects belonged to the depression group, 78.1% had one or more diseases, 85.6% had experienced somatic symptoms, and 49.7% belonged to the nutritional risk group. 2) Older age, lower educational level, more pocket money a larger number of diseases, more severe cognitive symptoms and poorer nutritional status were significantly related to a higher depression score. 3) Significant factors influencing depression were nutritional status, cognitive symptoms and the number of diseases, which explained 38.1% of the variance of elderly depression, and nutritional status was the most influencing factor. Conclusion: The finding of this study gives useful information for developing assessment tools and interventions for elders' depression.