• Journal of Hospice and Palliative Care
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.120-127
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• 2007

Bereavement is the state of loss resulting from death. Grief is the emotional response associated with loss, intense and acute sorrow resulting from loss. Complicated grief represent a pathological outcome involving social, physical, emotional, cognitive, spiritual morbidity. The common psychiatric disorders associated complicated grief or abnormal grief responses include clinical depression, anxiety disorders, alcohol abuse or other substance abuse, and dependence, psychotic disorders, and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Grief tasks involve a series of stage or phases following an important loss that gradually permit adjustment and recovery. Three phases of grief involve phase 1 (walking the edges), phase 2 (entering the depths), and phase 3 (reconnecting the world). For intervention to be effective they need to be individually tailored to abnormal grief reaction or unresolved grief reaction. Clear understandings of complicated grief, abnormal responses, factors increasing risk after bereavement will often enable us to prevent psychiatric disorders in bereaved patients.

• 수면정신생리
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.18-23
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• 2002

Alexithymia represents deficits in the cognitive processing and regulation of emotions. It is observed in many cases of psychosomatic disease, anorexia nervosa, panic disorder, depression etc. Many studies have shown that alexithymia is associated with maladaptive styles of emotion regulation, low emotional intelligence, interhemispheric transfer deficit, and reduced rapid eye movement density. Psychotherapies that enhance emotional awareness may be effective in alleviating the difficulties of alexithymic individuals. Aexithymia is useful for constructing the role of personality and emotions in the pathogenesis of psychiatric disorders. It may serve as a bridge between neurobiology and psychology. We review recent alexithymia theory and research and their implications for treatment of psychosomatic disorders.

• 수면정신생리
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.11-17
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• 2001

In 2000, the number of people aged 65 and over increased to 3.37 million, accounting for 7.1% of the total population of South Korea. The elderly population will increase up to 19.3% in 2030. Sleep disordered breathing (SDB) seems to increase with age. More than 50-60% of old people complain of SDB-related signs and symptoms including awakening headache, excessive daytime sleepiness, fatigue, cognitive dysfunction, memory loss, personality changes, and depression. The influence of a mild degree of SDB upon the elderly is unclear, but moderate to severe SDB is well known to be associated with many diseases including hypertension, arrhythmia, myocardial infarction, stroke, dementia, and sudden death. Therefore, physicians should pay attention to elderly patients who complain of SDB related symptoms and signs that may not be normal signs of aging. Physicians need to become more sensitive to treat SDB in the elderly.

• 수면정신생리
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.49-56
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• 1997

Nocturnal panic involves sudden awakening from sleep in a state of panic characterized by various somatic sensation of sympathetic arousal and intense fear. Many(18-71%) of the spontaneous panic attacks tend to occur from a sleeping state unrelated to the situational and cognitive context. Nocturnal panickers experienced daytime panics and general somatic sensation more frequently than other panickers. Despite frequent distressing symptoms, these patients tend to exhibit little social or occupational impairment and minimal agoraphobia and have a high lifetime incidence of major depression and a good response to tricyclic antidepressants. Sleep panic attacks arise from non-REM sleep, late stage 2 or early stage 3. The pathophysiology and the similarity of nocturnal panic to sleep apnea, dream-induced anxiety attacks, night terrors, sleep paralysis, and temporal lobe epilepsy are discussed.

• 수면정신생리
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.59-62
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• 2012

Borderline personality disorder (BPD) is characterized by identity and interpersonal problem, affective dysregulation and pervasive severe impulsivity. Although sleep disturbances are not primary symptoms of BPD, they are important aspects of this disorder. However, clinicians and researchers did not give much attention to the sleep symptoms of BPD yet. Measured by nocturnal polysomnography, increased sleep latency as well as reduced total sleep time and sleep efficiency, and 'depression-like' REM abnormalities (i.e., reduced REM latency and increased REM density) are found in BPD patients. Co-morbid sleep disorders such as chronic insomnia, nightmare disorder or circadian rhythm sleep disorder associated with BPD have been reported. Clinicians should focus on the sleep complaints of BPD patients, and carefully manage such symptoms with sleep hygiene education, cognitive psychotherapy or light therapy.

• 생물정신의학
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.127-132
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• 2009

Marchiafava-Bignami disease(MBD) is a rare complication of chronic alcoholism characterized by symmetrical demyelination of the corpus callosum. We report a case of MBD in a Korean patient having chronic alcohol dependence. The patient exhibited mental depression, weakness of all four limbs and dysarthria. Laboratory data showed mild hyponatremia. Magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) revealed unusual symmetrical resolving lesions of the putamen in addition to the typically observed lesion of the corpus callosum. The neurologic disturbances were gradually improved with the normalization of low plasma sodium levels. Marked improvement of abnormal MRI findings was noted after thiamine supplement, though the patient still exhibited severe cognitive impairment.

• 수면정신생리
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.100-105
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• 2002

Personality traits in insomniac patients have been a subject of many studies. A number of these studies have used the MMPI and have demonstrated elevated scores on several clinical scales reflecting somatic concerns, somatization, depression, anxiety, worry and social alienation. And it was suggested that insomnia was due to a process of internalization of psychological distress. Another hypothesis about psychological mechanisms has focused upon worry. Excessive and uncontrollable cognitive activity seem to be a characteristic feature of many insomniacs. One author emphasized the role of the dependency need and found a characteristic pattern among insomniacs. The central feature of this pattern is frustration of dependency need. The purpose of this paper was to review possible personality variable that may be predisposing causal factors of insomnia. Several factors are suggested by many studies, but in order to explore their causal importance other experimental and longitudinal studies are needed.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• 제38권4호
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• pp.267-274
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• 2021

Sleep plays a critical role in homeostasis of the body and mind. Insomnia is a disease that causes disturbances in the initiation and maintenance of sleep. Insomnia is known to affect not only the sleep process itself but also an individual's cognitive function and emotional regulation during the daytime. It increases the risk of various neuropsychiatric diseases such as depression, anxiety disorder, and dementia. Although it might appear that insomnia only affects the nervous system, it is also a systemic disease that affects several aspects of the body, such as the cardiovascular, endocrine, and immune systems; therefore, it increases the risk of various diseases such as hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and infection. Insomnia has a wide range of effects on our bodies because sleep is a complex and active process. However, a high proportion of patients with insomnia do not seek treatment, which results in high direct and indirect costs. This is attributed to the disregard of many of the negative effects of insomnia. Therefore, we expect that understanding insomnia as a systemic disease will provide an opportunity to understand the condition better and help prevent secondary impairment due to insomnia.

• 웰빙융합연구
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• 제5권4호
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• pp.33-37
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• 2022

Purpose: This study aims to understand the trend and central concept of domestic researches on laughter therapy. For the analysis, this study used total 72 theses verified by inputting the keyword 'laughter therapy' from 2007 to 2021. Research design, data and methodology: This study performed the development and analysis of keyword co-occurrence network, analyzed the types of researches through topic modeling, and verified the visualized word cloud and sociogram. The keyword data that was cleaned through preprocessing, was analyzed in the method of centrality analysis and topic modeling through the 1-mode matrix conversion process by using the NetMiner (version 4.4) Program. Results: The keywords that most appeared for last 14 years were laughter therapy, depression, the elderly, and stress. The five topics analyzed in thesis data from 2007 to 2021 were therapy, cognitive behavior, quality of life, stress, and the elderly. Conclusions: This study understood the flow and trend of research topics of domestic laughter therapy for last 14 years, and there should be continuous researches on laughter therapy, which reflects the flow of time in the future.

• 한국노년학
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• 제31권1호
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• pp.129-141
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• 2011

본 연구의 목적은 맞춤형 작업 활동 프로그램이 지역사회 거주하는 치매환자의 일상생활수행능력, 인지기능과 우울수준, 그리고 보호자 부담 정도에 미치는 효과를 알아보고자 하였다. 연구방법은 2009년 10월부터 2010년 5월까지 경기도 Y시 치매예방관리센터에 내소한 지역사회에 거주하는 치매환자 15명과 보호자 15명을 대상으로 하였다. 맞춤형 작업 활동 프로그램은 목표활동과 과제를 통해 습득한 기술을 습관화하고 규칙적으로 일상화 할 수 있도록 구성되어 있으며, 전 후 평가를 포함하여 7주 동안 주 2회(1회 가정방문, 1회 전화점검), 총14회를 치매환자와 보호자에게 실시하였다. 연구결과는 운동 및 처리기술평가에서 운동기술은 1.10±1.14점에서 1.34±1.2점으로, 처리기술은 0.32±0.55점에서 0.77±0.66점으로, 인지수준판별검사는 3.86±0.65점에서 4.17±0.64점으로, 간이정신상태검사는 17.33±4.6점에서 19.33±4.97점으로, 우울수준은 11.73±6.87점에서 8.53±7.09점으로, 보호자 부담은 31.80±20.06점에서 26.13±18.07점으로 맞춤형 작업 활동 프로그램 실시 전에 비하여 실시 후에 치매환자의 일상생활 수행능력, 인지기능이 증가하였으며 치매환자의 우울수준과 보호자의 부담이 감소하였다(p<0.05). 이러한 연구결과는 지역사회에 거주하는 치매환자에 있어 맞춤형 작업 활동 프로그램은 인지기능 향상, 우울 수준의 감소로 인해 일상생활 수행능력이 증가하였고, 그로 인해 보호자 부담 감소에 효과적인 것으로 보인다. 향후 지역 사회에 거주하는 치매환자의 기능향상과 보호자 부담 감소를 위한 보다 다양한 맞춤형 작업 활동 프로그램의 치료효과에 대한 연구가 필요하다.