• 대한조현병학회지
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.26-35
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• 2021

Objectives: Social function deficit is known as a core feature of schizophrenia. This study aimed to investigate differences in empathic tendencies and theory of mind (ToM) skills between healthy controls and young individuals with schizophrenia, and to examine the associations between empathic tendencies, ToM skills and schizotypy, and executive function in schizophrenia. Methods: Thirty patients with schizophrenia and 30 healthy controls were enrolled and assessed using the interpersonal relationship index (IRI; perspective taking, fantasy, empathic concern, and personal distress subscales), ToM-Picture Story Task (ToM-PST; sequence and cognitive questionnaire), Wisconsin schizotypy scale (revised physical anhedonia and perceptual aberration), and Stroop tests for empathic tendencies, ToM skills, schizotypy, and executive function. Results: In individuals with schizophrenia, the IRI for perspective taking and ToM-PST score for cognitive function were lower, and the IRI for personal distress was higher than those in healthy controls. The IRIs for perspective taking and fantasy were related to revised physical anhedonia, and that for empathic concern was associated with revised physical anhedonia and perceptual aberration. The ToM-PST score for sequence was associated with the Stroop test score for schizophrenia. Conclusion: These findings indicate deficits in empathic tendencies and ToM skills, which may be independently and primarily associated with schizotypy and executive function in young individuals with schizophrenia.

• 영재교육연구
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.1-32
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• 2000

Although it is widely acknowledged that enhancing creativity is an important educational theme on which schools should depend and embody their educational goal and activities, how to do it can be characterized as 'piecemeal' without a whole picture of it. Thus, school practices of creativity education has been disoriented, discontinuous, short-term, and peripheral in nature. In this practical context, a theoretical model of creativity education was developed in ways in which several theoretical concepts based on research findings on a variety of aspects of creativity education were compiled and organized. The core of the model was creative problem solving process to which the goals and the mediating variables of creativity education were connected in relational fashion. By giving repetitive opportunities for creative problem solving geared to producing the results that are novel and useful for the individual as well as the socity, it was conceptualized that two educational goals could be achieved: a short-term goal of developing creative potential of the individual and the long-term goals of self-actualization of the individual and contribution to the society. It is also conceptualized that creative problem solving can be influenced in positive manner by several mediating variables: content knowledge and skills, creative cognition, creative motivation and attitudes, and creative environment. The creative environment is composed of psychological and physical conditions and provides a basis for creativity education. The former three variables are conceptualized as necessary conditions for the effectiveness and efficiency of creative problem solving, when provided appropriately. The four mediating variables ware conceptualized as mutually affecting so that the development of one variable influences positively that of the other, and vice versa. In terms of practical perspective of teaching creativity, developing creative potential, self-actualization, and contribution to society are the goals; creative problem solving process is the methodology; content knowledge and skills, creative cognition, and creative motivation and attitudes are the content; and creative environment is the condition of creativity education. The model is not yet perfect but needs further explorations to make it more detailed in clarifying various relationships. For instance, how the creative problem solving process can be differentiated in teaching various subject matters is yet to be explored. Thus, the model proposed in this study should be regarded as a general model of creativity education, and is relatively sound to be adopted in school practices since it is based on the theoretical as well as empirical study findings on creativity. However, the proposed model needs to be validated through empirical researches in real teaching settings.

• 한국과학교육학회지
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• 제39권3호
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• pp.337-348
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• 2019

이 연구에서는 논의기반 탐구 과학수업에서 나타나는 중학생들의 인식론적 사고를 알아보고자 하였다. 이를 위하여 광역시의 중학교 3학년 4개 학급 학생 93명을 대상으로 한 학기 동안 5개 주제의 논의 기반 탐구 과학수업을 실시하였다. 논의기반 탐구 과학수업에서 나타나는 학생들의 인식론적 사고 특징을 알아보기 위해 논의기반 탐구 과학수업 활동의 마지막 단계에서 작성하는 반성 글쓰기를 주제 1과 주제 5에 대해서 분석하였다. 반성 글쓰기에서 나타나는 인식론적 사고의 하위 요소의 빈도수 분석에서 학생들은 인식론적 메타인지 기능의 빈도수가 가장 높았고, 인식론적 인지, 인식론적 메타인지 경험, 인식론적 메타인지 지식의 순으로 나타났고 주제 1에 비해서 주제 5에 대한 인식론적 사고의 하위 요소의 빈도수는 모두 증가하였으며 증가율은 인식론적 메타인지 경험이 가장 컸고, 인식론적 인지, 인식론적 메타인지 지식, 인식론적 메타인지 기능의 순으로 나타났다. 또한 인식론적 사고의 다양성 수준의 분석에서 학생들이 논의기반 탐구 과학 수업을 경험하면서 인식론적 사고의 다양성 수준이 향상되었다. 논의기반 탐구 과학수업이 학생들의 인식론적 사고에 미친 영향에 대한 학생 인식을 알아보기 위해서 설문조사에서 학생들은 이 활동이 과학 지식 이해에 도움이 된다고 인식하였다. 학생들은 논의기반 탐구 과학수업의 단계 중 실험 설계 및 수행과 관찰 단계에 대해서 흥미를 크게 느끼고 어려움을 적게 느꼈으며, 직접적인 경험을 통해서 과학지식을 쉽게 이해하고 오랫동안 기억하는데 도움이 된다고 인식하였다. 따라서 논의기반 탐구 과학수업은 학생들의 인식론적 사고의 발달을 유도하고, 논의를 통해 학생들이 지식의 정당화 과정에 참여하도록 하며, 구성원과의 합의에 의해서 과학 지식이 구성된다는 과학지식의 인식론적 본성을 이해하고 경험하도록 하는 교수학습 프로그램이라고 볼 수 있다.

• 한국치위생학회지
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• 제14권5호
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• pp.667-672
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• 2014

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to examine classifying the level and accuracy of the meta-cognitive level of students and dental hygiene, and to understand the impact on the process of problem solving and accordingly, it is intended to provide a basis for learning strategies. Methods : A self-reported questionnaire was filled out by 328 dental hygiene students in 3 colleges in Gyeonggi-do and Chungnam. Data were analyzed by the frequency analysis, one-way ANOVA, Scheffe's post-hoc test, Pearson's correlation coefficient using SPSS 12.0. Results : Meta-cognitive level of the subject was on average 4.43 points and problem solving level was lower at 2.82 points. Showed a significant difference in satisfaction with the major motives meta-cognitive level in accordance with the general characteristics of the subjects(p<0.05). Results of this study showed that no statistically significant differences in both the sub-areas of the level of problem solving according to the general characteristics of the subject(p>0.05). There was no correlation between the ability to solve problems and meta-cognitive level of the subjects(p>0.05). Conclusions : The finding of the study showed that meta-perception of dental hygiene students are lower the level of problem-solving that is compared to meta-cognition. It is suggested that development of a variety of learning methods for improving meta-cognitive thinking and problem-solving skills required in dental hygiene school curriculum.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제22권5호
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• pp.311-319
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• 2013

Buildings of the de-constructive tendency beyond definite forms are being constructed in countries with economic power, technical skills and open culture because they require social conditions to accommodate those buildings as well as a lot of construction expenses. Frank Gehry and Zaha Hadid can be chosen as the representative architects of de-constructivism series who are currently working hard. Though both of them are architects belonging to the de-constructivism category, their works show different construction due to the differences in architectural philosophy and working ways. Gehry consider Architect as a fine art and enjoy (sculpture) three-dimensional structure work through Rough Model. With increasing demand for landmark atypical buildings, Hadid has been frequently awarded in the recent series of International Competitions and deals with a lot of cultural works. Affected by absolutism, Hadid showed various diagonal lines in her early construction and works based on the theme of dynamics such as lightness, gliding and light contact with the ground etc. Hadid's Architecture which worked under the theme of dynamic contains a variety of diagonal lines that might cause the viewers to have difficulty on spatial awareness, thus It is known that Hadid's Architecture has lower efficiency on the Circulation and difficulty on spatial cognition compared to the typical museum. According to the research findings of the previous paper that space understanding of viewers on Frank Gehry Museum consisting of complicated planes is generally better than that of them on a typical museum, the purpose of this study is to find out the Circulation efficiency and spatial cognition of Hadid Museum by explaining the space structure of dynamic Hadid Museum and the difference compared to typical museum.

• 동굴
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• 제72호
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• pp.37-46
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• 2006

지리학에서 이용되는 사진을 넓은 의미에서 ${\ulcorner}$지리사진${\lrcorner}$이라고 말한다. 지리사진이란 학술사진의 일부로서 지리학 연구나 교육에서 지리적으로 의미가 있는 사상이나 장소의 파악, 지표현상의 분석에 이용되는 사진으로서 이들 목적에 맞도록 과학적 논증의 증거로서 충분한 지리적 내용이 있는 사진을 말한다. 지리사진을 촬영할 때는 촬영목적과 주제를 명확히 해야하고 촬영대상에 맞는 렌즈와 필름을 선택하며, 시간과 공간을 강조할 때는 동일한 장소에서 여러번 촬영해야 한다. 지리사진의 기록성은 객관적인 기록과 주관적인 기록으로 나눌 수 있다. 지리사진에는 지리적인 사상에 대한 작가의 가식없는 안목이 정리되어야 하며 솔직하게 표현되어야 한다. 즉 지리철학이 담긴 사진을 만들어내야 하는 것이다. 지리사진은 지리적인 안목을 가진 사진작가의 주관적인 판단과 예술성을 갖추어야 한다. 여기서 중요한 것은 창의성과 독자성이다. 지리사진도 피사체가 지리적인 설명이 가능한 것일 뿐 사진이 갖추어야 할 예술성은 그대로 유지하여야 한다. 사진을 지리학 연구에 효율적으로 이용하면 단시간내에 시각적으로 특정지역의 지리적사상과 내용등을 정량적 또는 정성적으로 분석할 수 있으리라고 생각한다.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제29호
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• pp.11-18
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• 2001

The purpose of this study is to desirable curriculum for interior design major in vocational high school in order to enhance their competitiveness. The study has been carried out by surveying the cognition and requirement among the people who are working in interior design field. The major findings from the survey research are summarized as follows : 1) Hiring vocational high school graduate is positively responded over sixty percentage. The main reason to hire interior design major in vocational school is because of firm believing their capabilities and their own specialties rather than academic degree. 2) It is believed that new vocational high school graduate is lacking behind in most area at the beginning comparing with new college graduate. However it is believed that high school graduate will become equal to the college graduate after a few years and they are more specialized in certain area that college graduate. 3) The most recommendable area for the vocational high school graduate are CAD and Interior Construction Work. 4) The appropriate text book content of (:AD and interior construction work based on the requirement from the industry are as follows ; Regarding to CAD, a specialized textbook for CAD should be written. It is desirable to) educate how to express plan, elevation, perspective drawing and how to develop the presentation skills. Regarding to the Interior Construction Work desirable to develop a specialized textbook and include on the job training program. On the job training is expected to give a practical knowledge and experience by monitoring and drawing by himself every steps from the architectural area to the material selection.

• 여성건강간호학회지
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.166-176
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• 2010

Purpose: The study was done to examine the effects of cognition-behavior integrated breast cancer prevention education, in which a breast model with interchangeable nodules was utilized, on the self-competency of nursing students in performing breast cancer education. Methods: A nonequivalent control group non-synchronized design was used. A traditional lecture intervention was provided for 49 3rd year college of nursing students (control group) while the integrated breast cancer prevention education was given to 47 3rd year students in the same college one year later (experimental group). The integrated breast cancer prevention education was developed by the research team to strengthen the competency of cognitive and behavioral components in education on breast cancer. Results: Effects of the intervention were found to be significant through all study variables: knowledge about breast cancer (t=7.79, p <.001), breast cancer risk awareness (t=2.05, p <.05), self-competency of breast self-exam (t=8.27, p <.001), and intention to teach breast self-exam (t=3.87, p <.001). Conclusion: The integrated breast cancer prevention education was useful to improve not only knowledge about breast cancer but competency in performing breast examination for nursing students who acquired technical skills from various simulation nodules. As the program helped the students to be prepared as confident educators, future application of the module is recommended for academic curricula.

• 한국신경인지재활치료학회지
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.27-34
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• 2018

목적: 뇌졸중 환자의 인지활성화를 위한 과제 훈련이 상지기능 및 일상생활동작에 미치는 영향을 알아보고, 재활 치료 시 중재를 제언하고자 한다. 방법: 2018년 1월부터 2월까지 뇌졸중 환자 9명을 대상으로 4주 동안 주 5회 30분씩 중재하였다. 실험군은 5가지 과제를 치료사의 언어적 가이드를 통해 환자가 인지전략을 사용하도록 유도하고 환자 스스로 생각하고 말하는 과정을 통해 과제수행의 문제점을 해결하도록 하였다. 대조군은 상지근육과 관절의 경직을 감소시키기 위한 수동적 관절 가동 범위 운동과 도구를 이용한 능동적 관절 가동 범위 운동을 시행하였고, 근력운동으로는 일상생활활동에서 가장 많이 쓰이는 위팔 두갈래근, 위팔 세갈래근, 삼각근을 근력수준에 맞추어 실시하였다. 결과: 실험군에서 MBI는 최대 10점 향상되었고, K-AMPS의 운동기술은 최대 1.0 logit의 향상이 나타났으며 처리기술에서는 최대 0.6 logit의 향상이 나타났다. MFT에서는 최대 2점의 향상이 나타났다. 대조군에서 MBI는 최대 5점 향상되었고, K-AMPS의 운동기술은 최대 0.2 logit의 향상 나타났으며 처리기술에서는 최대 0.3 logit의 향상이 나타났다. MFT에서는 점수 변화가 없었다. 결론: 뇌졸중 환자에게 인지활성화를 위한 과제 훈련이 상지기능 및 일상생활동작에 긍정적인 영향을 준다.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제18권11호
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• pp.527-539
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• 2018

노화로 인한 인지의 변화는 정상 노인들의 통사처리에 부정적 영향을 끼치는데 작업기억용량이 중요한 인지기능을 한다고 알려져 있다. 본 연구는 명사구 연결 전치사구의 이해에 도움이 되는 문맥을 제시할 때와 그렇지 않을 때 정상 노인과 젊은 성인이 어떻게 명사구 연결 전치사구를 처리하는지 단어별 자율조절읽기 방법을 통해 알아보았다. 또한, 이 때 어떤 인지기능이 문맥 이용을 통한 명사구 연결 전치사구의 처리능력과 관련이 있는지도 살펴보았다. 정상 노인은 읽기과제에서 문맥유무에 상관없이 젊은 성인보다 읽기속도가 느렸다. 그러나 두 그룹 모두 문맥이 존재할 때 명사구 연결 전치사구의 처리 속도가 빨랐다. 즉, 노인들의 노화로 인한 인지의 저하는 처리 속도만 느리게 했을 뿐 질적인 면에서 차이는 없었다. 문맥을 이용한 명사구 연결 전치사구 처리 시 관련된 인지기능은 교대주의력으로 나타났으며 본 연구에서는 작업기억용량의 역할은 발견되지 않았다. 이를 통해 노화가 통사처리에 끼치는 영향은 반드시 부정적인 것이 아니라 통사구조에 따라 다를 수 있으며, 통사 구문의 종류에 따라 관련된 인지기능이 다를 수 있음을 시사한다.