• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• 제49권1호
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• pp.49-56
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• 2022

Objective: Oxidative stress and sperm DNA fragmentation (SDF) have been linked to idiopathic male infertility (IMI). Various antioxidants have been tried to improve semen parameters and fertility potential in IMI patients, but with inconsistent results. The study aimed to compare the effects of coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) and Centrum multivitamins on semen parameters, seminal antioxidant capacity, and SDF in infertile men with idiopathic oligoasthenospermia (OA). Methods: This prospective controlled clinical study involved 130 patients with idiopathic OA and 58 fertile controls. The patients were divided randomly into two groups: the first group received CoQ10 (200 mg/day orally) and the second group received Centrum multivitamins (1 tablet/day) for 3 months. Semen parameters, CoQ10 levels, reactive oxygen species (ROS), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), catalase, SDF, and serum hormone levels (follicle-stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, testosterone, and prolactin) were compared at baseline and after 3 months. Results: Both CoQ10 and Centrum improved sperm concentration and motility, but the improvement was greater with Centrum therapy (p<0.05). Similarly, both therapies improved antioxidant capacity, but TAC and catalase improvement was greater (p<0.01 and p<0.001 respectively) with CoQ10, whereas ROS (p<0.01) and SDF (p<0.001) improvements were greater with Centrum administration. Centrum therapy was associated with reduced serum testosterone (p<0.05). Conclusion: In conclusion, both CoQ10 and Centrum were effective in improving semen parameters, antioxidant capacity, and SDF, but the improvement was greater with Centrum than with CoQ10. Therefore, Centrum-as a source of combined antioxidants-may provide more effective results than individual antioxidants such as CoQ10 in the treatment of infertile men with idiopathic OA.

• BMB Reports
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• 제32권1호
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• pp.67-71
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• 1999

We have investigated the effect of cholestasis on the closely related acyl-CoA:amino acid N-acyltransferase, benzoyltransferase, and phenylacetyltransferase activities in rat liver. Benzoyltransferase and phenylacetyltransferase activities in the liver cytosol, mitochondria, and microsome were investigated for a period of 42 d after common bile duct ligation. Both the mitochondrial and microsomal benzoyltransferases showed significant increase in their activities between the 1st and 7th day after common bile duct ligation, although the cytosolic benzoyltransferase activity did not show a significant change compared to the activities from the sham-operated control. The cytosolic phenylacetyltransferase activity showed a significant increase between the 1st and 2nd day, the mitochondrial activity showed a significant increase between the 2nd and 7th day, and microsomal activity showed a significant increase between the 1st and 7th day, respectively. Enzyme kinetic parameters of hepatic benzoyltransferase were analyzed using benzoyl coenzyme A as a substrate with the preparations from the 1st day post-ligation. Enzyme parameters of hepatic phenylacetyltransferase were also analyzed using phenylacetyl coenzyme A as a substrate with the preparations from the 2nd day post-ligation. The results indicated that although the $K_m$ values of these enzymes were about the same as the sham-operated control, the $V_{max}$ values of both enzymes increased significantly. These results, therefore, suggest that the biosynthesis of benzoyltransferase and phenylacetyltransferase has been induced in response to cholestasis.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제24권9호
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• pp.1238-1244
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• 2014

Dephosphocoenzyme A (CoaE) catalyzes the last step in the biosynthesis of the cofactor coenzyme A. In this study, we report the identification and application of CoaE from Stretomyces peucetius ATCC27952. After expression of coaE, the protein was found to have a molecular mass of 28.6 kDa. Purification of the His-tagged fused CoaE protein was done by immobilized metal-affinity chromatography, and then in vitro enzymatic coupling assay was performed. The increasing NADH consumption with time shed light on the phosphorylating activity of CoaE. Furthermore, the overexpression of coaA and coaE independently under the $ermE^*$ promoter in the doxorubicin -producing wild type strain, resulted in 1.4- and 1.5-fold enhancements in doxorubicin production, respectively. In addition, the overexpression of both genes together showed a 2.1-fold increase in doxorubicin production. These results established a positive role for secondary metabolite production from Streptomyces peucetius.

• BMB Reports
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• 제30권5호
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• pp.332-336
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• 1997

The stimulatory effects of leucine on the activities of two soluble forms of brain glutamate dehydrogenase isoproteins (GDH I and GDH II) have been studied at various conditions. There were significant differences between GDH I and GDH II in their sensitivities to the action of leucine. When the effects of varied leucine concentrations on GDH activities were studied in the direction of reductive amination of 2-oxoglutarate with NADPH as a coenzyme, a marked activation was observed for both isoproteins at leucine concentrations up to 10 mM, whereas both isoproteins showed activation to a lesser extent with NADH as a coenzyme. The stimulatory effects of leucine on GDH activities in the direction of the oxidative deamination of glutamate were also observed, but to a much lesser extent. Leucine relieved the inhibition of GDH I by GTP and this resulted in an increase in the apparent activation by leucine in the presence of GTP. 2-Oxoglutarate was found to give rise to high substrate inhibition and leucine significantly reduced the substrate inhibition in the presence of $200\;{\mu}M$ NADH. Thus, the effects of leucine might be composed of a direct effect on the enzyme together with a relief of high substrate inhibition.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제13권5호
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• pp.819-822
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• 2003

Polyketides are an extensive class of secondary metabolites with diverse molecular structures and biological activities. A plasmid-based minimal polyketide synthase (PKS) expression cassette was constructed using a subset of actinorhodin (act) biosynthetic genes (actI-orfl, actI-orf2, actI-orf3, actIII, actⅦ, and actIV) from Streptomyces coelicolor, which specify the construction of an orange-fluorescent anthraquinone product aloesaponarin II, a type II polyketide compound derived from one acetyl coenzyme A and 7 malonyl coenzyme A extender units. This system was designed as an indicator pathway in S. parvulus to generate a hybrid type II polyketide compound via gene-specific replacement. The act ${\beta}-ketoacyl$ synthase unit (actI-orfl and actI-orf2) in the expression cassette was specifically replaced with oxytetracycline ${\beta}-ketoacyl$ synthase otcY-orfl and otcY-orf2). This plasmid-based hybrid PKS cassette generated a novel orange-fluorescent compound structurally different from aloesaponarin II in both S. lividans and S. parvulus. In addition, several additional distinctive blue-fluorescent compounds were detected, when this hybrid PKS cassette was expressed in S. coelicolor B78 (actI-orf2 mutant), implying that the expression of plasmid-based hybrid PKS cassette in Streptomyces species should be an efficient way of generating hybrid type II polyketide compounds.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.206-212
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• 1996

This study was to see if pregnant rats fed a pantothenic acid(PA) deficient diet for whole 3 weeks gestation would produce pups comparable to the normal controls, at the cost of maternal tissue PA concentration ([PA]) or coenzyme A content ([Co A]). Compared to the controls, dams fed a PA deficient diet tended to decrease weight gain, and produced pups with lower body, liver and brain weight (p<0.05). Postpartum dam's blood [PA] decreased more in PA deficient group than control (p<0.05, PA deficient : 2.52$\pm$0.66 to 0.77$\pm$0.23uM, control : 2.58$\pm$0.52 to 1.45$\pm$0.68uM), although Hb concentration did not differ between two groups. Pup's blood [PA] at birth was lower in PA deficient group than control group(1.75$\pm$0.27uM vs. 3.90$\pm$0.76uM, respectively, p<0.05) and 2-3 times that of postpartum dams in both two groups. [Co A] and [PA] in pup's tissues were 23-68% of dams in both groups, in spite of the higher [PA] in pups. These data suggest that Co A metabolism differs between pups and dams ; the pups were more adversely affected than dams by the dietary PA deficiency of dams during gestation.

• 한국응용약물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국응용약물학회 2003년도 Annual Meeting of KSAP : International Symposium on Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences on Obesity
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• pp.5-7
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• 2003

NADPH is an essential co-factor for fat and cholesterol biosynthesis. However, the role of cytosolic NADP$\^$＋/-dependent isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDPc), a putative NADPH producer, in the control of the fat and cholesterol metabolism has not been assessed. Here we report that increased or decreased IDPc expression in 3T3-Ll fat cells promoted or retarded adipogenesis, respectively. Furthermore, overexpression of IDPc in transgenic mice exhibited fatty liver, hypertriglyceridemia, hypercholesterolemia and obesity by increasing NADPH production leading to subsequent stimulation of acetyl-coenzyme A and malonyl-coenzyme A consumption. In contrast, administrations of a synthetic IDPc inhibitor, DAl1004, to ob/ob mice effectively reduced body weight with lowering cholesterol and triglyceride levels. In addition, a positive relationship (${\gamma}$ = 0.69, $\rho$<0.0l) between plasma IDPc activity and body mass indexes was observed in 98 randomly-selected human volunteers. Our findings strongly indicate that NADPH produced by IDPc plays an important role in controlling body fat and lipid biosynthesis.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• 제59권sup1호
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• pp.41-44
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• 2016

We report here a case of maternal 3-methylcrotonyl-coenzyme A carboxylase (3-MCC) deficiency in a Korean woman. Her 2 infants had elevated 3-hydroxyisovalerylcarnitine (C5-OH) on a neonatal screening test by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS), but normal results were found on urine organic acid analysis. The patient was subjected to serial testing and we confirmed a maternal 3-MCC deficiency by blood spot and breast milk spot test by LC-MS/MS, serum amino acid analysis, urine organic acid and molecular genetic analysis that found c.838G>T (p.Asp280Tyr) homozygous mutation within exon 9 of the MCCB gene. Especially, we confirmed marked higher levels of C5-OH on breast milk spot by LC-MS/MS, in the case of maternal 3-MCC deficiency vs. controls.

• 한국환경농학회지
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• 제33권4호
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• pp.282-289
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• 2014

담수 토양인 논토양과 습지 토양에 킬레이팅 에이전트 EDTA를 처리하고 실내시험을 실시한 결과, 두 토양 모두에서 메탄 생산량이 확연히 감소함을 알 수 있었다. EDTA 처리량을 증가시킴에 따라 토양수 내 니켈이 증가하였으며 메탄생성균의 활성은 저감되었다. 메탄생성균의 활성이 저감됨에 따라 메탄 생산량은 현저히 감소하였으며 메탄생성균의 활성과 메탄생성량은 상당히 유의한 상관관계를 지니고 있었다. 이러한 메탄 저감 효과는 EDTA처리에 따라 coenzyme F430의 Ni이 EDTA와 킬레이팅 화합물을 형성함에 따라 분자크기가 증대하게 됨으로서 methyl coenzyme M reductase (MCR)에 의한 메탄을 생성하는 반응을 억제 시키는 것이 원인으로 판단된다. 결론적으로 담수토양에서 EDTA처리에 의해 니켈은 메탄생성균 체내로의 흡수가 억제되었고 이러한 니켈의 흡수저해는 메탄생성균의 활성을 억제시켜 토양으로부터 메탄 생산성량을 저감시킨 것으로 확인되었다.

• Food Science and Biotechnology
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.584-589
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• 2007

The effect of water extract of adzuki beans on acetaminophen-altered lipid metabolism was examined in rats. Control group of rats was fed a basal diet, another group of rats was fed 0.5% acetaminophen (APAP group), and a third group of rats was fed 0.5% acetaminophen plus 5% adzuki bean extract (ABE group) for 4 weeks. Serum total and HDL cholesterol levels in the APAP group were significantly lower than those in the control and ABE groups. Hepatic cholesterol $7{\alpha}-hydroxylase$ and fatty acid synthase mRNA levels in the APAP and ABE groups were significantly higher and lower than in the control group, respectively. Hepatic 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase mRNA level in the APAP group was significantly lower than in the control group, whereas that in the ABE group was significantly higher than in the APAP group. These results indicate that adzuki bean extract may improve the acetaminophen-altered serum lipid metabolism in rats.