• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제9권8호
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• pp.2875-2893
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• 2015

Existing coding aware routing algorithms focused on novel routing metric design that captures the characteristics of network coding. However, in packet coding algorithm, they use opportunistic coding scheme which didn't consider the queue state of the coding node and are equivalent to the conventional store-and-forward method in light traffic load condition because they never delay packets and there are no packets in the output queue of coding node, which results in no coding opportunity. In addition, most of the existing algorithms assume that all flows participating in the network have equal rate. This is unrealistic since multi-rate environments are often appeared. To overcome above problem and expand network coding to light traffic load scenarios, we present an enhanced coding-aware routing algorithm based on queue state and local topology (OQMCAR), which consider the queue state of coding node in packet coding algorithm where the control policy is of threshold-type. OQMCAR is a unified framework to merge single rate case and multiple rate case, including the light traffic load scenarios. Simulations results show that our scheme can achieve higher throughput and lower end-to-end delay than the current mechanisms using COPE-type opportunistic coding policy in different cases.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제12권9호
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• pp.4205-4227
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• 2018

Network Coding (NC) is an approach recently investigated for increasing the network throughput and thus enhancing the performance of wireless mesh networks. The benefits of NC can further be improved when routing decisions are made with the awareness of coding capabilities and opportunities. Typically, the goal of such routing is to find and exploit routes with new coding opportunities and thus further increase the network throughput. As shown in this paper, in case of proactive routing the coding awareness along with the information of the measured traffic coding success can also be efficiently used to support the congestion avoidance and enable more encoded packets, thus indirectly further increasing the network throughput. To this end, a new proactive routing procedure called Congestion-Avoidance Network Coding-Aware Routing (CANCAR) is proposed. It detects the currently most highly-loaded node and prevents it from saturation by diverting some of the least coded traffic flows to alternative routes, thus achieving even higher coding gain by the remaining well-coded traffic flows on the node. The simulation results confirm that the proposed proactive routing procedure combined with the well-known COPE NC avoids network congestion and provides higher coding gains, thus achieving significantly higher throughput and enabling higher traffic loads both in a representative regular network topology as well as in two synthetically generated random network topologies.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제12권5호
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• pp.2044-2062
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• 2018

Information theory progression along with the advancements being made in the field of Vehicular Ad hoc NETworks (VANETs) supports the use of coding-aware opportunistic routing for efficient data forwarding. In this work, we propose and investigate an adaptive coding-aware routing scheme in a specific VANET scenario known as a vehicular platoon. Availability of coding opportunities may vary with time and therefore, the accurate identification of available coding opportunities at a specific time is a quite challenging task in the highly dynamic scenario of VANETs. In the proposed approach, while estimating the topology of the network at any time instance, a forwarding vehicle contemplates the composition of multiple unicast data flows to encode the correct data packets that can be decoded successfully at destinations. The results obtained by using OMNeT++ simulator reveal that higher throughput can be achieved with minimum possible packet transmissions through the proposed adaptive coding-aware routing approach. In addition, the proposed adaptive scheme outperforms static transmissions of the encoded packets in terms of coding gain, transmission percentage, and encoded packet transmission. To the best of our knowledge, the use of coding-aware opportunistic routing has not been exploited extensively in available literature with reference to its implications in VANETs.

• Journal of Information Processing Systems
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• 제13권6호
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• pp.1544-1553
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• 2017

The network coding mechanism has attracted much attention because of its advantage of enhanced network throughput which is a desirable characteristic especially in a multi-hop wireless network with limited link capacity such as the device-to-device (D2D) communication network of 5G. COPE proposes to use the XOR-based network coding in the two-hop wireless network topology. For multi-hop wireless networks, the Distributed Coding-Aware Routing (DCAR) mechanism was proposed, in which the coding conditions for two flows intersecting at an intermediate node are defined and the routing metric to improve the coding opportunity by preferring those routes with longer queues is designed. Because the routes with longer queues may increase the delay, DCAR is inefficient in delivering real-time multimedia traffic flows. In this paper, we propose a network coding-aware routing protocol for multi-hop wireless networks that enhances DCAR by considering traffic load distribution and link quality. From this, we can achieve higher network throughput and lower end-to-end delay at the same time for the proper delivery of time-sensitive data flow. The Qualnet-based simulation results show that our proposed scheme outperforms DCAR in terms of throughput and delay.

• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제37권7B호
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• pp.536-549
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• 2012

무선 애드 혹 네트워크는 제한된 에너지를 갖고 있는 노드들에 의해 자율적으로 구성되는 기반 구조가 없는 네트워크이다. 노드가 갖는 이런 제약사항은 데이터 전송 시 에너지 고갈로 데이터 전달이 갑작스럽게 실패하는 상황을 초래한다. 정적인 무선 애드 혹 네트워크를 대상으로, 에너지 예약 기법 및 다중 경로 라우팅 기법을 이용하여 네트워크 내 노드들의 잔여 에너지가 적은 경우에도 안정적 데이터 전송을 지원하는 PAMP가 제안되어 있다. 본 논문은 PAMP에 다중 경로를 설정하는 과정에서 네트워크 코딩 기회가 있는 경로를 우선적으로 선정하여 중간 노드의 에너지를 절약할 수 있는 기법을 추가할 것을 제안한다. 시뮬레이션을 통한 성능 분석에서 본 논문에서 제안하는 기법이 기존의 PAMP와 센서 네트워크에서의 에너지 인식 다중 경로 설정 기법인 REAR에 비해 패킷 전송 성공률이나 노드의 에너지 소비에 있어서 우수한 성능을 보이고 있다.

• 한국정보처리학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보처리학회 2014년도 추계학술발표대회
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• pp.261-262
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• 2014

네트워크 코딩 가능한 멀티 홉 무선 망에서 코딩 의식 라우팅 (Coding-Aware routing) 기법은 코딩 가능성을 확보하고 코딩 기회를 높여 처리율 향상이 가능하다. 코딩 기회 (coding opportunities)를 정확하게 식별 할 수 있는 방법이 주요 핵심이다. 본 논문에서는 멀티 홉 무선 네트워크에서 두 개 이상의 플로우가 여러개의 코딩 가능 노드를 통과하는 경우, 일반적인 코딩 조건(coding condition)을 제안한다. 특히, 네트워크 코딩 가능한 여러 시나리오를 분석하고, 목적지에서 디코딩을 보장하는 코딩 조건을 제안한다.