• Ocean Science Journal
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• 제42권2호
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• pp.103-116
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• 2007

Seasonal changes of tide signal(s), temperature, salinity and current were studied during the years 2004-2005 in the northernmost Gulf of Aqaba, which is under developmental activities, to obtain scientific bases for best management and sustainability. Spectrum analysis revealed permanent signals of tide measurements during all seasons, which represented semidiurnal and diurnal barotropic tides. The other signal periods of 8.13, 6.10-6.32, 4.16 and 1.02-1.05 h were not detected in all seasons, which were related to shallow water compound and overtides of principle solar and lunar constituent and to seiches generated in the Red Sea and the Gulf of Aqaba. Spatial and temporal distribution of temperature, salinity and density showed significant differences between months in the coastal and offshore region and no significant differences among the coastal sites, between the surface and bottom waters and between coastal and offshore waters. Therefore, the temporal and spatial variation of water properties in the northernmost Gulf of Aqaba behave similarly compared to other parts. The coastal current below 12 m depth was weak $(3-6\;cms^{-1})$ and fluctuated from east-northeastward to west-southwestward (parallel to the shoreline), which may be related to the effect of bottom topography and/or current density due to differential cooling between eastern and western parts in the study area, and wind-induced upwelling and downwelling in the eastern and western side, respectively. The prevailing northerly winds and stratification conditions during summer were the main causes of the southward current at 6 and 12 m depths with average speed of 28 and $12cms^{-1}$ respectively.

• 한국항해항만학회지
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• 제32권6호
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• pp.489-497
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• 2008

정부는 지역제조산업 육성을 목적으로 기존 부지를 개선 확장하거나 해안지역 매립을 통하여 신설하는 방향으로 산업단지조성을 위한 정책을 펼치고 있다. 따라서, 물리적 환경적인 특성의 관점에서 해안지역매립으로 인한 영향의 분석은 반드시 필요하다. 본 논문도 임해지역 국가산업단지 조성에 따른 영향을 인근 해역의 해양물리적 특성, 퇴적 및 확산 체계 변화, 해양환경 변화 등의 현상을 현장관측조사 및 수치시뮬레이션을 통하여 분석하고자 한다. 적용대상역은 울산광역시의 온산국가산업단지 인근의 해안선경계역이다. 검증을 위해 조석, 조류 및 퇴적에 관한 기존의 관측자료를 확보하였으며 일부 특정지점에서는 현장관측도 수행하였다. 검증한 모델로 실제대상해역에 적용하고 장래변화를 분석하였다.

• 수산해양기술연구
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• 제54권4호
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• pp.324-332
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• 2018

We conducted a questionnaire survey to analyze the current status of the coastal composite fisheries, as well as the improvement point in designing a new type coastal composite fishing boat suitable for Korean fishing environments from April to August 2017. The questionnaire composed of 20 questions about the features of the coastal composite fishing boat and fishing work. The survey sites were selected to cover all parts of the country by considering the geographical position. The significance testing for the response results was accessed by ${\chi}^2$ test and ANOVA. The results revealed that more than half (59.1%) of the fishermen operated one day per voyage and operating alone topped with 22.5% in the number of crews, followed by 2 persons (20.3%) and 5 persons (22.1%). The navigation devices had a high rate of installation and GPS plotter ranked first in the devices. In addition, fish finder ranked first in fishing equipment, followed by net hauler. The most inconvenient work that they felt during the fishing operation was fish handing at 49.8% and other general fishing works like setting and hauling line, deck cleaning accounted for about 25%. The hardest work was the accident by ropes wrapped around propeller and the engine trouble came in second. The most inconvenient facilities to the present design of fishing boat was wheelhouse (76.7%), followed by fish hold (38.5%), and deck (35.1%). Furthermore, inconvenient points related to the movement of fishing gear, noise and vibration of engine, slippery deck and small fish hold exceeded 50%.

• Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• 제47권3호
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• pp.85-102
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• 2023

Background: Ecophysiological characteristics of Rosa rugosa were analyzed under different environmental factors from May to October 2022. Photosynthesis, chlorophyll fluorescence, chlorophyll content, leaf water content (LWC), osmolality, carbohydrate content, and total ion content were measured to compare the physiological characteristics of R. rugosa at two study sites (i.e., in large pots and in the Goraebul coastal sand dune area). Results: When R. rugosa was exposed to high temperatures, photosynthetic parameters including net photosynthetic rate (P_N) and stomatal conductance (g_s) in both experiment areas declined. In addition, severe photoinhibition occurs when R. rugosa is continuously exposed to high photosynthetically active radiation (PAR), and because of this, relatively low Y(II) (i.e., the quantum yield of photochemical energy conversion in photosystem II [PSII]) and high Y(NO) (i.e., the quantum yield of non-regulated, non-photochemical energy loss in PSII) in the R. rugosa of the pot were observed. As the high Y(NPQ) (i.e., the quantum yield of regulated non-photochemical energy loss in PSII) of R. rugosa in the coastal sand dune, they dissipated the excessed photon energy through the non-photochemical quenching (NPQ) mechanism when they were exposed to relatively low PAR and low temperature. Rosa rugosa in the coastal sand dune has higher chlorophyll a and carotenoid content. The high chlorophyll a + b and low chlorophyll a/b ratios seemed to optimize light absorption in response to low PAR. High carotenoid content played an important role in NPQ. As a part of the osmotic regulation in response to low LWCs, R. rugosa exposed to high temperatures and continuously high PAR used soluble carbohydrates and ions to maintain high osmolality. Conclusions: We found that F_v/F_m was lower in the potted plants than in the coastal sand dune plants, indicating the vulnerability of R. rugosa to high temperatures and PAR levels. We expect that the suitable habitat range for R. rugosa will shrink and move to north under climate change conditions.

• 한국음향학회지
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.233-241
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• 2003

한반도의 연근해에서 9년간 ('90∼'98)에 걸쳐 200m이내의 수심을 보이는 13개 정점에서 배경소음을 측정한 자료를 환경별로 통계 처리하여 소음준위를 분석하였다. 주파수 스펙트럼은 1/3옥타브 밴드의 중심주파수 25㎐부터 20㎑까지 분석하였다. 분석결과, 대양의 배경소음스펙트럼으로 알려진 Wenz의 결과와는 다소간의 차이를 보여주었다. 연근해에서 측정된 결과는 다양한 선박활동 및 연안소음, 파도의 영향 등으로 인해 같은 조건에서의 대양의 결과 보다 높은 배경소음준위를 보이고 있었으며, 통계분석에 근거하여 천해 소음 추정식을 산출하였다.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제25권11호
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• pp.1555-1562
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• 2016

Concentrations of hydrogen sulfide in ambient air have been measured from January 2014 to June 2016 in a coastal area near the Ulsan National Industrial Complex. The measurement sites were 1 km, 2.6 km, 5.6 km, and 20 km away from a kraft pulp mill, which is located at the most southern edge of the complex. Concentrations above 0.4 ppb were monitored every 5 min and the highest concentration of the day was determined. From a total of 775 measurement days, hydrogen sulfide concentrations > 20 ppb were recorded on 36 and 38 days at the measurement site closest to the mill and the residential area 2.6 km away from the mill, respectively. At the site farthest from the mill, the concentrations were always 20 ppb lower than the malodor regulation for the residential area but sometimes higher than the odor recognition threshold for hydrogen sulfide. Although several emission sources of hydrogen sulfide have been published in the Pollutant Release and Transfer Register of Korea, the kraft pulp mill is considered to be the biggest contributor of atmospheric hydrogen sulfide in the southern coastal area of Ulsan.

• 환경생물
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• 제34권1호
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• pp.41-47
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• 2016

우리나라에 발생하는 해안 식생의 식생 구조에 대하여 식물사회학적 연구를 수행하였다. 총 102개 조사구에 대한 식생자료의 분석은 ZM 학파의 방법을 활용하였다. 국내 해안에 발생하는 식물 군집 구분은 총 11개의 군락으로 순비기나무-돌가시나무 군락, 갯메꽃 군락, 통보리사초-갯그령 군락, 갯잔디 군락, 해홍나물 군락, 방석나물 군락, 나문재-가는갯는쟁이군락, 칠면초 군락, 천일사초 군락, 갈대 군락, 산조풀 군락이 구분되었다. 각 군락 들은 발생지역과 환경에서 다양성을 보였다. 식생 자료에 대한 주성분분석 (PCA) 결과 식물사회학적 군락 분류 결과를 지지하였다.

• Mycobiology
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• 제45권3호
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• pp.150-159
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• 2017

This study analyzed the distribution of endophytic fungi in 3 coastal environments with different climatic, geographical, and geological characteristics: the volcanic islands of Dokdo, the East Sea, and the West Sea of Korea. The isolated fungal endophytes were characterized and analyzed with respect to the characteristics of their host environments. For this purpose, we selected common native coastal halophyte communities from three regions. Molecular identification of the fungal endophytes showed clear differences among the sampling sites and halophyte host species. Isolates were also characterized by growth at specific salinities or pH gradients, with reference to previous geographical, geological, and climate studies. Unlike the East Sea or West Sea isolates, some Dokdo Islands isolates showed endurable traits with growth in high salinity, and many showed growth under extremely alkaline conditions. A smaller proportion of West Sea coast isolates tolerate compared to the East Sea or Dokdo Islands isolates. These results suggest that these unique fungal biota developed through a close interaction between the host halophyte and their environment, even within the same halophyte species. Therefore, this study proposes the application of specific fungal resources for restoring sand dunes and salt-damaged agricultural lands and industrialization of halophytic plants.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제31권6호
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• pp.53-63
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• 2004

Planting models for restoration forest on the seaside have been demanded because coastal reclaimed land has increased for habitation sites, industrial complexes and new towns on the west seaside of Korea. The planting models have to consider endurance for bad environmental conditions in order to make a role to protect the urban space against the extreme seaside environment. The dominant species, relative impotance value, individuals and species number were analysed in natural forests that were exposed to extreme seaside conditions in Deokjeok island and Younghung island, Incheon. The native species such as Pinus thunbergii and Pinus densiflora, which survive on the seaside, were mainly recommended because the coastal reclaimed land had extreme environmental conditions. Stable vegetation structures could be made by multi-layer planing by using these species. A diverse vegetation community could be made according to these planting models. The maritime forests made by these planting models might be more effective for environmental adaptation and a windbreak forest than alone tree, and the young trees below 3m height could easily adapt to these conditions.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.324-333
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• 2014

The Black Pine, Pinus thunbergii, is widely distributed along the eastern coast of Korea and its importance as a shelterbelt was highlighted after tsunamis in Indonesia and Japan. The root endophytic diversity of P. thunbergii was investigated in three coastal regions; Goseong, Uljin, and Busan. Fungi were isolated from the root tips, and growth rates of pure cultures were measured and compared between PDA with and without 3% NaCl to determine their saline resistance. A total of 259 isolates were divided into 136 morphotypes, of which internal transcribed spacer region sequences identified 58 species. Representatives of each major fungi phylum were present: 44 Ascomycota, 8 Zygomycota, and 6 Basidiomycota. Eighteen species exhibited saline resistance, many of which were Penicillium and Trichoderma species. Shoreline habitats harbored higher saline-tolerant endophytic diversity compared with inland sites. This investigation indicates that endophytes of P. thunbergii living closer to the coast may have higher resistance to salinity and potentially have specific relationships with P. thunbergii.