• 대한의생명과학회지
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.45-50
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• 2021

Coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS) are a typical group of microorganisms, and the recent advances in laboratory technology and medicine has dramatically modified their significance in medical practice. CoNS, which were previously classified as normal bacterial flora, have recently been reported to be associated with serious infectious diseases, such as surgical wound infection or periprosthetic joint infection. Representative CoNS include Staphylococcus epidermidis, S. haemolyticus, and S. saprophyticus, which are known to cause serious problems in biomaterial-based and prosthetic device infections, as well as to cause simple urinary tract infections in sexually active women. Over the last decade, the clinical isolation rate of CoNS has been increasing, and antibiotic resistance has also been occurring. This review aimed to investigate the incidence of CoNS infection and to use the results as basic data for the management of CoNS, with a focus on the isolation rate and antibiotic resistance in clinical surgery.

• Animal Bioscience
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• 제34권4호
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• pp.734-742
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• 2021

Objective: The present study aimed to investigate the occurrence and species of coagulase-positive staphylococci (CoPS) and coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS) in retail pork meat samples collected during nationwide monitoring. The staphylococcal isolates were characterized for antimicrobial and zinc chloride resistance and enterotoxigenic potential. Methods: A total of 260 pre-packaged pork meat samples were collected from 35 retail markets in 8 provinces in Korea for isolation of staphylococci. Antimicrobial and zinc chloride resistance phenotypes, and genes associated with the resistance phenotypes were determined on the isolates. Furthermore, the presence and distribution of 19 staphylococcal enterotoxin (SE) genes and enterotoxin-like genes among the pork-associated staphylococci were determined by multiplex polymerase chain reaction-based assays using the specific primer sets. Results: A total of 29 staphylococcal strains (29/260, 11.1%) were isolated from samples of retail pork meat, 24 (83%) of which were CoNS. The four CoNS species identified were S. saprophyticus (n = 16, 55%), S. sciuri (n = 3, 10%), S. warneri (n = 3, 10%), and S. epidermidis (n = 2, 7%). Among the 29 isolates, four methicillin-resistant CoNS (MR-CoNS; three S. sciuri and one S. epidermidis) and one methicillin-resistant CoPS (MR-CoPS; one S. aureus) were identified. In addition, a relatively high level of tetracycline (TET) resistance (52%) was confirmed in CoNS, along with a predominant distribution of tet(K). The most prevalent SEs were sep (45%), and sen (28%), which were carried by 81% of S. saprophyticus. Conclusion: These findings suggest that CoNS, especially S. saprophyticus strains, in raw pork meat could be a potential risk factor for staphylococcal food poisoning (SFP), and therefore, requires further investigation to elucidate the role of SEls in SFP and virulence of the pathogen. Our results also suggest that CoNS from raw pork meat may act as a source for transmission of antimicrobial resistance genes such as staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec and tet(K).

• 대한임상검사과학회지
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• 제49권4호
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• pp.420-426
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• 2017

메치실린 내성 포도알균(methicillin resistant Staphylococci, MRS)는 인체 여러 부위에서 집락화 될 수 있으며 의료기관과 연관된 사람에서 흔히 분리된다. 이 연구는 밀접한 단체생활을 하는 일개 고등학교 한 개 반의 학생들 손과 그들이 사용하는 책상에서 MRS 균의 오염 정도를 평가하고자 하였다. Staphylococcus aureus가 28명의 학생의 손 중에서 2 균주가 분리되었으며 모두 메치실린에 감수성이었다. 응고인자 음성 포도알균(coagulase negative Staphylococci, CoNS)는 26 균주가(26/28, 92.9%) 분리되었으며 이들 균주 중 14 균주는 메치실린 내성균(MRCoNS)이었다. 14 MRCoNS 중 S. warneri가 가장 흔하였으며(8/14, 57%), 이들은 대부분의 $non-{\beta}-lactam$ 항생제에 감수성 이었다. 31개의 책상에서는 S. aureus는 분리되지 않았으나 26 CoNS (26/31, 83.9%)가 분리되었다. 손과 책상에서 분리된 포도알균 이외의 균은 Micrococcus와 Bacillus spp.이었다. 결론적으로 MRSA는 이번 연구에서 분리되지 않았으나 mecA 유전자를 갖고 있는 MRCoNS는 학생들의 손에서 높은 비율로 분리되었다. 손씻기와 같은 예방 교육을 강화할 뿐만 아니라 이들 균의 오염 및 보균율 등의 조사와 같은 능동적 감시 등이 이들 균의 감염예방과 전파 차단을 위해 필요할 것으로 사료된다.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제34권5호
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• pp.335-340
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• 2017

Methicillin-resistant staphylococci (MRS), which are often multi-drug resistant (MDR), are important pathogens in both human and veterinary healthcare. The purpose of this study was to characterize the antimicrobial resistance of MRS isolated from dog ears in Korea. From 827 dog ears, staphylococci were cultured from both ears with otitis externa (n = 161, 41.0%) and healthy ears (n = 135, 31.1%). The prevalence of coagulase-positive staphylococci (CoPS) in ears with otitis externa (58.4%) was significantly higher (p < 0.05) than in healthy ears (28.2%), while the prevalence of coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS) in healthy ears (74.8%) was higher (P < 0.05) than in ears with otitis externa (41.6%). Forty-six (35.1%) and 74 (44.8%) CoPS and CoNS isolates, respectively, were determined to be MRS. Antimicrobial resistance in MRS was most frequently observed for penicillin (76.7%), ampicillin (61.7%), kanamycin (61.7%), erythromycin (47.5%), tetracycline (47.5%), and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (46.7%). Overall, the MDR isolates were resistant to significantly more (P < 0.05) antimicrobial agents tested than methicillin-sensitive staphylococci in this study. These results provide therapeutic guidelines for the treatment of otitis externa in dogs from Korean veterinary hospitals, and the significant associated health concern to companion animals and their human contacts.

• Pediatric Infection and Vaccine
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.46-53
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• 2022

뇌실염은 일반적으로 정맥 내 항생제를 통하여 치료하나, 불응성 뇌실염의 치료는 정맥 내 항생제 치료와 뇌실 내 항생제 치료의 병행이 요구되기도 한다. 이론적으로 항생제의 뇌실 내 투여는 정맥 내 단독 투여보다 뇌척수액에서 더 높은 항생제 농도에 도달할 수 있게 한다. 본 증례 보고는 기존의 전신 항생제 치료에 불응하는 폐렴 간균과 메티실린 내성 표피 포도상 구균에 각각 뇌실 내 겐타마이신과 반코마이신 투여를 통하여 뇌실염을 치료한 2례로서 이후에도 주요 합병증 등이 없어 이를 보고하는 바이다.

• 대한의생명과학회지
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.77-84
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• 2014

Periodic analysis of local epidemiologic data of prevalent pathogens of blood culture can provide clinicians with relevant information to guide empirical antibiotic therapy. In this study, we analyzed a pattern of change of causative microorganisms and antimicrobial resistance at a tertiary medical center in Chungcheong province from 2003 to 2012, retrospectively. Of 70,258 blood specimens cultured, 6,063 (8.6%) were positive. Among the positive isolates, 95.9% were aerobic or facultative anaerobic bacteria, 0.1% were anaerobes, and 3.9% were fungi. Coagulase-negative Staphylococci (CoNS) (32.9%), Escherichia coli (16.7%), Staphylococcus aureus (9.1%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (6.4%), and ${\alpha}$-hemolytic Streptococcus (5.9%) were commonly isolated bacteria, and Candida albicans (1.4%) was the most commonly isolated fungi. Enterococcus faecium progressively increased but Streptococcus pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii and Proteus species gradually decreased over a period of 10 years. The multidrug-resistant microorganisms such as methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA), vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE), cefotaxime-resistant E. coli, imipenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa (IRPA) and imipenem-resistant A. baumannii (IRAB), were significantly increased. Therefore, there is a need for a more strict control of antibiotics and a more updated guideline for the treatment of bloodstream infection.