• Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation
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• 제40권5호
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• pp.277-283
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• 2010

CoQ with low melting temperature was exploited to improve its solubility by preparing its solid dispersions (SDs) with a meltable polymer, poloxamer 407 (P 407). P407 can be utilized for a relatively simple, quick, inexpensive, reproducible and potentially scalable manner in the low temperature melting method. CoQ 10 solubility and dissolution increased with increasing concentrations of P 407 in SDs. Comparison of the enhanced dissolution of CoQ 10 from different poloxamers suggested that the preparation of CoQ 10 SDs using P 407 as a meltable hydrophilic polymer carrier could be a promising approach to improve its dissolution.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.99-105
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• 2010

The purpose of this study was to evaluate relative bioavailability of the coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) in emulsion and three liposome formulations after a single oral administration (60 mg/kg) into rats. Emulsion formulation of CoQ10 was prepared by conventional method using Phospholipon 85G as an emulsifier, and three liposome formulations (neutral, anionic, and cationic) of CoQ10 were prepared by traditional lipid film hydration technique using Phospholipon 85G, cholesterol, and charge carrier lipids (1,2-dioleoyl-3-trimethylammonium-propane chloride salt for cationic liposome and 1,2-dimyristoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphate monosodium salt for anionic liposome). Mean particle size of all CoQ10-loaded liposome was less than a micron, and size distribution of the liposome population was homogeneous. Bioavailability of CoQ10 in emulsion was 1.5 to 2.6-fold greater than liposome formulations in terms of $AUC_{0-24\;h}$. $T_{max}$ was 3 h when administered as emulsion while it was greater than 6 h in liposome formulations. Notably, it was approximately 8 h in cationic liposome. $C_{max}$ was highest in emulsion and was significantly decreased when administered as liposome. Charged liposome showed even lower $C_{max}$ than neutral liposome, especially in cationic liposome. In conclusion, therefore, it is suggested that clinicians and patients consider bioavailability issue a primary concern when choosing a CoQ10 product, especially when very high plasma level is required such as in the treatment of heart failure and Parkinson's disease.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• 제48권2호
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• pp.97-104
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• 2021

Male infertility has a complex etiopathology, which mostly remains elusive. Although research has claimed that oxidative stress (OS) is the most likely underlying mechanism of idiopathic male infertility, the specific treatment of OS-mediated male infertility requires further investigation. Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10), a vitamin-like substance, has been found in measurable levels in human semen. It exhibits essential metabolic and antioxidant functions, as well as playing a vital role in mitochondrial bioenergetics. Thus, CoQ10 may be a key player in the maintenance of biological redox balance. CoQ10 concentrations in seminal plasma directly correlate with semen parameters, especially sperm count and sperm motility. Seminal CoQ10 concentrations have been shown to be altered in various male infertility states, such as varicocele, asthenozoospermia, and medical or surgical regimens used to treat male infertility. These observations imply that CoQ10 plays an important physiological role in the maintenance and amelioration of semen quality. The present article thereby aimed to review the possible mechanisms through which CoQ10 plays a role in the regulation of male reproductive function, and to concisely discuss its efficacy as an ameliorative agent in restoring semen parameters in male infertility, as well as its impact on OS markers, sperm DNA fragmentation, pregnancy, and assisted reproductive technology outcomes.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제42권5호
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• pp.565-570
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• 2010

본 연구에서는 coenzyme $Q_{10}$을 나노에멀젼화 하기 위해 초고압균질기를 이용하여 3가지 다른 형태의 밸브를 대상으로 평가를 진행하였으며, 선정된 밸브를 사용하여 제조된 coenzyme $Q_{10}$ 나노에멀젼의 품질 특성 및 안정성 평가를 하였다. 초고압균질기를 이용한 coenzyme $Q_{10}$ 나노에멀젼 제조 시 최적 조건은 150MPa, C 밸브, 통과 횟수 3회이었다. 제조된 나노에멀젼은 평균입자 크기가 40 nm, 제타 전위 값이 -57 mV을 나타내어 콜로이드 상태가 충분히 안정하다고 볼 수 있었다. 또한 수용액에 빠르게 분산되었으며, 이때 coenzyme $Q_{10}$ 100 mg을 함유한 증류수100 mL의 투과도 값이 90(%T)로 투명한 용액을 얻을 수 있었다. 제조한 coenzyme $Q_{10}$ 나노에멀젼은 $4^{\circ}C$ 및 $25^{\circ}C$에서 12주 동안 보존하여도 침전 또는 부유물을 발생시키지 않았고 coenzyme $Q_{10}$ 함량이 변하지 않았으며, 10일간의 동결처리 후에도 안정하였다. pH 2 용액을 제외하고는 pH(4-10) 처리와 열($95^{\circ}C$)처리 및 동결($-20^{\circ}C$)처리 시에도 안정하였다. 따라서 제조된 coenzyme $Q_{10}$ 나노에멀젼은 액체 형태 등 다양한 식품에 적용할 수 있는 가능성을 확보하였으며, 유통시에는 상온보다는 냉장 보관이 더 적합 할 것으로 판단된다.

• Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology
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• 제29권
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• pp.1.1-1.7
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• 2014

Objectives The present subacute study was designed to evaluate the effect of coenzyme Q 10 (CoQ10) in the 28 days aroclor 1254 exposure induced oxidative stress in mice brain. Methods Biochemical estimations of brain lipid peroxidation (LPO), reduced glutathione (GSH), and activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and acetyl cholinesterase (AChE), and histopathological investigations of brain tissue were carried out. Results Oral exposure of aroclor 1254 (5 mg/kg) led to significant decrease in levels of GSH, and activities of SOD, CAT, GPx, and AChE, and increase in LPO. These aberrations were restored by CoQ10 (10 mg/kg, intraperitoneal injection [IP]). This protection offered was comparable to that of L-deprenyl (1 mg/kg, IP) which served as a reference standard. Conclusions Aroclor 1254 exposure hampers the activities of various antioxidant enzymes and induces oxidative stress in the brains of Swiss albino mice. Supplementation of CoQ10 abrogates these deleterious effects of aroclor 1254. CoQ10 also apparently enhanced acetyl cholinesterase activity which reflects its influence on the cholinergic system.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.261-272
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• 2021

Doxorubicin (Dox) is widely used to the treatment of cancer, however, it could cause damage to gastric mucosa. To investigate the protective effects and related mechanisms of coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) and vitamin C (VC) on Dox-induced gastric mucosal injury, we presented the survey of the 4 groups of the rats with different conditions. The results showed Dox treatment significantly induced GES-1 apoptosis, but preconditioning in GES-1 cells with VC or CoQ10 significantly inhibited the Dox-induced decrease and other harm effects, including the expression and of IκKβ, IκBα, NF-κB/p65 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α) in GES-1 cells. Moreover, high-throughput sequencing results showed Dox treatment increased the number of harmful gut microbes, and CoQ10 and VC treatment inhibited this effect. CoQ10 and VC treatment inhibits Dox-induced gastric mucosal injury by inhibiting the activation of the IkKB/IκBα/NF-κB/p65/TNF-α pathway, promoting anti-inflammatory effects of gastric tissue and regulating the composition of the intestinal flora.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.172-176
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• 2008

To develop a potent strain for the production of coenzyme $Q_{10}$, a photosynthetic bacterium was isolated from silt of the Nakdong River in Korea. Using l6S-rDNA sequence analysis, the isolated strain was identified as Rhodobacter sphaeroides. A stable improvement in its $CoQ_{10}$ content was achieved by chemical mutation, upon which the content of $CoQ_{10}$(2.94 mg/g dry cell) was increased by approximately 1.9-fold, comparable to that of R. sphaeroides reported in other studies. The isolate is a potentially valuable microorganism for mass production of $CoQ_{10}$, and may provide an appropriate model for further study of economical mass production.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제16권6호
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• pp.933-938
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• 2006

Decaprenyl diphosphate synthase (DPS) is the key enzyme for the production of coenzyme $Q_{10}$ ($CoQ_{10}$). A dps gene from Sinorhizobium meliioti KCCM 11232 (IFO 14782) was isolated by PCR and then cloned in Escherichia coli. DNA sequencing analysis revealed an open reading frame of 1,017 bp encoding a 338-amino-acid protein. The protein was identical at the 98% level to the putative octaprenyl diphosphate synthase (IspB) of S. meliloti 1021. The deduced amino acid sequence included the DDxxD domains conserved in the majority of the prenyl diphosphate synthases. Heterologous expression in E. coli BL21 (DE3) was carried out, and the $CoQ_{10}$ produced was then analyzed by HPLC. E. coli BL21 (DE3) harboring the dps gene from S. melioti produced CoQ$_{10}$ in addition to endogenous coenzyme Q$_8$ (CoQ$_8$), whereas wild-type E. coli BL21 (DE3) host did not have the ability of producing CoQ$_{10}$. The results suggest that the putative dps from S. meliloti KCTC 2353 encoded the DPS.

• 공업화학
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• 제23권5호
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• pp.467-473
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• 2012

본 연구에서는 레시틴, 에탄올, 오일, Arlacel 60 (sorbitan monostearate) 등을 주성분으로 하고, 최근 화장품과 식품의 원료로서 각광을 받고 있는 피부의 노화방지용 항산화물질인 코엔자임 Q10 (CoQ10)를 기능성 원료로 함유하는 나노 에멀젼을 제조하고자 하였다. 에멀젼 제조방법으로는 반전유화법(phase inversion emulsion method)과 초음파를 이용한 기계적 방법을 사용하였으며, 이 때 에탄올과 레시틴의 영향과 시간의 경과에 따른 안정성과 그 밖의 각종 변수들이 미치는 영향을 알아보고자 하였다. 이를 위하여 입자의 크기, 제타전위, 에멀젼의 형태와 같은 물리적 특성들을 측정해 보았다. 최소크기의 나노에멀젼을 형성하기 위한 CoQ10의 최적 배합농도는 0.8% 정도였고, 계면활성제로서 Arlacel 60 농도에 따른 입자크기의 영향을 보면 3% 정도에서 100 nm 크기의 에멀젼 입자들을 얻을 수 있었다. 본 연구에서의 사용한 최적의 계면활성제 농도범위(2% 이상)에서는 7일 정도가 지난 시점까지 Ostwald ripening 에 따른 입자의 크기 변화가 없었다. 장시간의 경과에 따른 실험을 보면 에멀젼들은 실온에서 270일이 지난 상태에서도 115 nm로 10% 정도만의 크기 변화를 보여 비교적 안정된 상태로 에멀젼을 유지함을 알 수 있었으며, 제타전위 측정으로 시간의 경과에 따른 입자크기의 변화는 응집(flocculation)에 기인한 것으로 판단된다.

• 대한화장품학회지
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.149-162
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• 2000

Coenzyme Q10(CoQ10)은 피부를 포함한 모든 생체조직에 존재하는 널리 알려진 조효소이다. 전자전달에 관여하는 퀴논링은 세포에서 에너지를 생성하기 위한 매우 중요한 기능을 가지고 있다. CoQ10은 피부에서 항산화제로서 연구되어 왔으며, 최근 외용제로써 노화억제와 주름개선작용에 대해 보고된 바 있다. 이런 보고들은CoQ10이 항산화제로서 산화-환원작용을 통해 피부의 방어기능에 중요한 역할을 한다는 점을 시사하며, 일반적으로 산화-환원작용은 피부에서 흑화과정의 조절에도 많은 영향을 미친다. 따라서 본 연구자들은 CoQ10 이 피부의 색소조절기능이 있는지 알아보고자 하였다. 인체 정상 색소세포에CoQ10을 0.05-0.5 mM 처리한 결과 0.5, 0.25mM에서 멜라닌의 생합성을 약 50% 저해하였으며 이는 알려진 미백제인 Kojic acid나 vitamin C와 유사한 수준이었다. 또한, CoQ10은 인체 정상 색소세포에서 자외선이나 세포내 cAMP 증가 유도물질에 의한 멜라닌 생성을 억제하였다. 그러나 tyrosinase inhibitor인 kojic acid와는 달리, in vitro tyrosine hydroxylase의 억제효과는 보이지 않았다. CoQ10을 자외선으로 tanning을 유도시킨 brown guinea pig에 4주간 도포하고 육안 및 chromameter를 이용하여 미백효과를 측정한 결과, vehicle처리군에 비해 미백효과가 있음을 확인할 수 있었다. 이상의 결과에서 coenzyme Q10 은 in vitro및 in vivo에서 미백효과를 지닌 물질임을 확인할 수 있었다.