• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제59권5호
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• pp.501-505
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• 2021

The pathogenic free-living amoeba Naegleria fowleri causes primary amoebic meningoencephalitis, a fatal infection, by penetrating the nasal mucosa and migrating to the brain via the olfactory nerves. N. fowleri can induce host cell death via lytic necrosis. Similar to phosphorylation, O-linked β-N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc) glycosylation (O-GlcNAcylation) is involved in various cell-signaling processes, including apoptosis and proliferation, with O-GlcNAc addition and removal regulated by O-GlcNAc transferase and O-GlcNAcase (OGA), respectively. However, the detailed mechanism of host cell death induced by N. fowleri is unknown. In this study, we investigated whether N. fowleri can induce the modulation of O-GlcNAcylated proteins during cell death in Jurkat T cells. Co-incubation with live N. fowleri trophozoites increased DNA fragmentation. In addition, incubation with N. fowleri induced a dramatic reduction in O-GlcNAcylated protein levels in 30 min. Moreover, pretreatment of Jurkat T cells with the OGA inhibitor PUGNAc prevented N. fowleri-induced O-deGlcNAcylation and DNA fragmentation. These results suggest that O-deGlcNAcylation is an important signaling process that occurs during Jurkat T cell death induced by N. fowleri.

• 한국어병학회지
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• 제37권1호
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• pp.37-48
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• 2024

This study evaluated in vitro antimicrobial properties of Bacillus subtilis KCTC 1326 as an environmentally friendly alternative to antibiotics. B. subtilis KCTC 1326 was characterized on biochemical properties and antibiotics susceptibility. It exhibited antimicrobial effects against all 12 species of fish bacteria used in this experiment. Among them, the largest antibacterial zone was observed for Streptococcus parauberis (34 mm), while the smallest antibacterial zone was observed for Citrobacter freundii (8 mm). Additionally, in the co-culture inhibitory assay of B. subtilis and Edwardsiella piscicida, the growth of E. piscicida was suppressed with increasing concentrations of B. subtilis KCTC 1326, with complete inhibition observed at 107 and 108 CFU/mL of B. subtilis KCTC 1326 after 24 hours of incubation. Moreover, at 48 hours of incubation, the growth of E. piscicida was inhibited across all concentration ranges of B. subtilis KCTC 1326. Therefore, this study indicated the utilizing of B. subtilis KCTC 1326 as an antimicrobial for controlling fish bacterial diseases.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.370-378
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• 1983

Aspergillus oryzae에 의한 개량(改良)메주의 숙성과정(熟成過程)에 있어서 단백질 및 아미노산 조성(組成)의 변화(變化)를 체계적(體系的)으로 규명(糾明)하기 위하여 disc gel electrophoresis 및 아미노산 분석기기(分析機器)에 의한 실험결과(實驗結果)는 다음과 같다. 1. 농도(濃度)가 다른 $Na_{2}SO_{4},\;MgSO_{4},\;Na_{2}CO_{3},\;NaCl$ 및 $Na_{2}SO_{4}$의 염(鹽)을 이용하여 대두의 염용해성(廉溶解性) 단백질을 분리(分離)한 결과(結果) 0.4M $Na_{2}SO_{4}$용액(溶液)에서 그 수득율(收得率)(30%)이 가장 높았다. 2. 대두 단백질을 분별정량(分別定量)한 결과(結果) 그 함유량(含有量)이 가장 많은 것은 albumine 46.0% 였으며 globulin 33.9%, glutelin 19.5%, prolamin 2.4%순이였으며 메주의 숙성과정(熟成過程) 중(中)에 있어서 albumin과 prolamin 은 차차 증가(增加)하였으나 glutelin은 감소(減少)하였고 globulin은 큰 변화(變化)가 없었다. 3. Sephadex G-200으로 albumin을 분획(分劃)한 결과(結果) 대두에서는 6개, 숙성(熟成) 0일에서는 3개, 6일 째는 8개로 증가(增加)하였다. 4. 대두 및 메주의 발효과정(醱酵過程)에 있어서 아미노산은 다같이 17종류(種類)로 glutamic acid 및 aspartic acid가 제일 많았으며 삶은 콩이 메주에 비(比)하여 albumin의 아미노산조성(組成) 가운데 arginine, aspartic acid, glutamic acid 및 glycine의 함량(含量)이 많았다. 5. Sephadex G-200으로 albumin을 분획(分劃)한 결과 대두및 메주에서 주(主)된 단백질의 조성(組成)아미노산은 17 종류(種類)로 그 함량(含量)은 aspartic acid 및 glutamic acid가 제일 많았으며, 메주의 발효과정(醱酵過程)에 있어서 albumin의 주(主)된 단백질의 amino acid 조성변화(組成變化)는 lysine, histidine, phenylalanine, threonine, serine, alanine, isoleucine, leucine, phenylalanine 및 $NH_3$가 차차 증가(增加)하였으며 이 밖의 다른 아미노산은 감소(減少)하였다. 6. 전기영동(電氣泳動)의 pattern에서 대두 단백질의 band 수(數)는 13개로 나타났으며 메주 숙성과정(熟成過程)에 있어서는 처음 3개에서 6일째에는 10개의 band로 차차 증가(增加)하였다. 메주의 발효과정(醱酵過程) 중(中)에 있어서 albumin의 주(主)된 단백질의 분구량(分句量)은 대두에서 175,000이었고 0 일때 135,000에서 6 일째는 36,000으로 감소(減少)하였다.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.544-552
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• 2002

Several microorganisms from rat and human feces and lumen fluid of cows were screened for their ability to decolorize the synthetic dyes. Consequently, a novel dye-degrading strain AB&J was isolated. Taxonomic identification including 165 rDNA sequencing and phylogenetic analysis indicated that the isolate had 99.9% homology in its 165 rDNA base sequence with Clostridium perfringens. After 27 h Incubation with the strain, brilliant blue R, bromophenol blue, crystal violet, malachite green, methyl green, and methyl orange were decolorized by about 69.3%, 97.7%, 96.3%, 97.9%, 75.1%, and 97.2%, respectively. The triphenlmethane dye, bromophenol blue, was decolorized extensively by growing Clostridium perfringens AB&J cells in liquid cultures under anaerobic condition, although their growth was strongly inhibited in the initial stage of incubation. This group of dyes is toxic, depending on the concentration used. The dye was significantly decolorized at a relatively lower concentration of below 50 $\mu g \;ml^{-1}$, however, the growth of the cells was mostly suppressed at a dye concentration of 100 $\mu g \;ml^{-1}$. The decolorization activity in cell-free extracts was much higher in cytoplasm than in periplasm and cytoplasmic membrane. Therefore, the enzyme related uptake of bromophenol blue seemed to be localized in cytoplasm. The optimal pH and temperature of bromophenol blue uptake fur decolorization activities were 7.0 and 4$0^{\circ}C$, respectively.

• 한국수정란이식학회지
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.117-122
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• 2011

In this study, we examined the effectiveness of in vitro fertilization of porcine immature oocytes on the embryo development of blastocysts or hatched blastocysts and the number of cells according to the in vitro fertilization conditions. In the in vitro fertilization of in vitro matured porcine oocytes, there were no significant differences between treatment groups regarding fertilization rate, blastocyst rate, and embryo development of hatched blastocysts according to the storage periods of liquid sperm of 24, 48, and 72 hours. The embryo development rate of hatched blastocysts after the fertilization according to different spermatozoa concentrations ($0.4{\times}10^5$, $1.2{\times}10^5$, and $3.6{\times}10^5$ cells/ml) showed the highest rate in the group with a spermatozoa concentration of $1.2{\times}10^5$ cells/ml; in particular, this rate was significantly higher than that in the $0.4{\times}10^5$ cells/ml group (p<0.05). The total number of blastocysts cells as well as trophectoderms (TE) that developed in each treatment group were also significantly higher in the $1.2{\times}10^5$ cells/ml group than in any other groups (p<0.05). In contrast, the embryo development rate of blastocysts according to different co-incubation periods of sperm and oocyte (1, 3, and 6 hr) was high in the 6-hour group; in particular, the rate was significantly higher than that of the I-hour group (p<0.05). Furthermore, the total number of oocytes cells and TEs that developed was significantly higher in the 6-hour group than any other group (p<0.05). In this study, the most effective treatment conditions for porcine embryo development and high cell number were found to be as follows: a sperm storage period of less than 72 hours, a spermatozoa concentration of $1.2{\times}10^5$ cells/ml, and a 6-hour co-incubation period for sperm and ooocyte.

• 한국해양환경ㆍ에너지학회지
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• 제7권4호
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• pp.180-184
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• 2004

본 연구에서는 갈고리를 이용하여 해저폐기물 수거작업 또는 해저바닥 경운작업을 할 때 갈고리가 해저바닥에 고정된 특정 물체에 걸려서 회수불능의 상태로 되는 것을 방지할 수 있는 개량된 수거장비를 개발하고자 하였다. 해저바닥이 암초지대와 반구형어초지대인 해역에서 수거장비를 적용실험을 한 결과, 스프링을 장착한 해저폐기물 수거장치는 해저바닥의 틈새나 인공구조물 등에 걸려서 빠져나오지 못하는 상태를 방지할 수 있었다. 또한 양방향 초음파탐색기의 해저면영상을 통하여 개량형 수거장비의 적용실험 과정을 확인할 수 있었다. 이상과 같이 개량된 갈고리를 부착한 해저폐기물 수거장비는 해저폐기물의 수거작업 또는 해저바닥 경운작업시 수거장비의 분실없이 효율적으로 사업을 수행할 수 있을 것이다.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제45권5호
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• pp.817-821
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• 2012

Soil samples collected from abounded mines of Boryeong area in South Korea were used in isolating bacterial strains and their capacity to solubilize inorganic phosphates and heavy metal tolerance were assessed in vitro. Three different inorganic phosphate sources (Ca phosphate, Fe phosphate, and Al phosphate) and four different heavy metals (Co, Cd, Pb and Zn) each with three concentrations ($100{\mu}g\;mL^{-1}$, $200{\mu}g\;mL^{-1}$, and $400{\mu}g\;mL^{-1}$) were used. The bacterial isolates PSB-1, PSB-2, PSB-3, and PSB-4 solubilized significantly higher amount of Ca phosphate during the first five days of incubation though subsequent drop in soluble phosphorus level in the medium was observed at the later stage (after 5 days) of the incubation. Solubilization of Ca phosphate and Fe phosphate was concomitant with the acidification of the culture medium compared to the control where it remained constant. Isolated strains could solubilize Fe phosphate to certain extent ($25-45{\mu}g\;mL^{-1}$) though solubilization of Al phosphate was found negligible. All the isolates were tolerant to heavy metals (Cd, Pb, and Zn) up to the concentration of $400{\mu}g\;mL^{-1}$ except PSB-1 and PSB-8, which were shown to be vulnerable to Co even at $100{\mu}g\;mL^{-1}$. Heavy metal tolerant strains should be further evaluated for plant growth promoting activities also under field conditions in order to assess their agricultural and environmental significance.

• 농약과학회지
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.8-18
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• 1999

살균제 $^{14}C$-propiconazole의 토심별 분해를 멸균 및 비멸균 조건의 토양에서 조사하였다. Propiconazole을 토양에 7.55 mg/kg의 수준으로 처리한 후 배양기간 동안 발생된 $^{14}CO_{}2$ 양, 유기용매 추출 및 추출불가 잔류량, 그리고 분해산물을 등을 조사하였다. 배양기간 20주 동안 방출된 약제의 $^{14}CO_{2}$는 멸균 토양의 경우 토심에 따라 $0.7{\sim}1.3%$ 수준이었으며 비멸균 토양의 경우 $4.8{\sim}7.6%$이었다. 토양중 유기용매 추출불가 방사능은 멸균 토양의 경우 토심에 따라 $11.2{\sim}22.12%$ 수준이었으며 비멸균 토양의 경우 $22.1{\sim}41.9%$로서 비멸균 토양에서 더 높았다. 토양중 추출불가 잔류량은 주로 humin에 분포하였으며 배양시간에 따라 증가하였다. 토양중 propiconazole의 주요 분해산물은 수산화 치환된 형태 및 ketone성 화합물이었으며 멸균 토양에서는 모화합물만이 검출되었다. Propiconazole의 토양중 휘발성 물질 및 $CO_{2}$ 생성량과 잔류 및 분해특성은 이 화합물이 화학적 및 생물학적 분해에 안정함을 시사하였다.

• 전력전자학회:학술대회논문집
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• 전력전자학회 2019년도 전력전자학술대회
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• pp.543-545
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• 2019

Recently, the demand for smart farms is increasing due to the increase in the cultivation area such as horticulture, fruit trees and special crops. However, due to the irregular weather changes and the cultivation method of the crops due to the different cultivation environment, there are frequent occurrence of diseases and insect pests and infectious diseases due to system error or carelessness, and the cycle is also very short. In addition, the Smart Farm business has been built by combining various sensors (temperature, humidity, CO2, illumination) and LED lighting, but it is costly in terms of frequent errors, lack of power supply, And thus the management can not be efficiently managed. Therefore, this paper combines real time sensing technology based on IoT Platform and high performance control technology to control pests and equipment errors and monitor the growth status of crops in real time based on big data analysis and Artificial Intelligence System.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.190-193
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• 1997

In search of new amphiphiles that form coordinatively polymerized bilayer membranes (CPBMs) in water, N-dodecyl-3-[2-hydroxy-3-(4-carboxymethyl-2-thiazolylazo)-5-methylphenyl]propanamide (5) was prepared. The bilayer membranes of 5 prepared in the presence of 2 equivalents of NaOH were further sonicated in the presence of transition metal ions such as Ni(Ⅱ), Cu(Ⅱ), Co(Ⅱ), or Co(Ⅲ) at > 80 ℃ to obtain CPBMs. The CPBMs of 5 were characterized by transmission electron microscopy, gel filtration, resistivity against disruption in aqueous ethanol, visible spectra, and release of entrapped 5(6)-carboxyfluorescein. Remarkable stabilization of the bilayer membranes through coordinative polymerization was evidenced by the resistivity of the Ni(Ⅱ)-CPBM of 5 against disruption in 40%(v/v) ethanol upon incubation for 20 hr.