• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
• /
• v.55 no.3
• /
• pp.310-318
• /
• 2022

Cnidium japonicum a biennial plant belonging to the family Umbelliferae, is a halophyte that grows in high-salinity areas of coastal sand dunes and sandy shores. This study was conducted to investigate the constituents, antioxidant activities, and physiological activities of C. japonicum. Mineral analyses revealed that potassium, sodium, calcium, and magnesium were the most prevalent minerals in C. japonicum. We used 80% ethanol, 80% methanol, and distilled water as solvents to prepare extracts from C. japonicum tissues, and the obtained extraction yields ranged between approximately 26% and 32%. Among the three extracts, the ethanol and methanol extracts had higher total polyphenol and flavonoid levels than the water extracts did. The antioxidant activities of methanol extracts were the highest among the various solvent extracts of C. japonicum as was the elastase/collagenase inhibitory activity. In contrast, the ethanol extract exhibited the highest tyrosinase inhibitory activity. Furthermore, the methanol extract possessed over 80% BACE1 (β-secretase) inhibitory activity at a final concentration of 20 ㎍/mL. Therefore, these results indicate that methanol and ethanol extracts of C. japonicum may be useful as antioxidant and functional substances in food and pharmaceutical material.

• Journal of Life Science
• /
• v.33 no.5
• /
• pp.414-421
• /
• 2023

Cnidium japonicum (C. japonicum) is a type of halophyte that inhabits soil of a high salinity, and according to previous studies, it is known to have antitumor effects. However, the skin's protective effect, particularly against UVB irradiation, has not been revealed. In this study, C. japonicum crude extract was studied to determine its effect on damage to human keratinocytes (HaCaT) induced by UVB irradiation, and ROS assays were performed, the results of which showed that C. japonicum crude extract affects UVB-induced photoaging damage in human keratinocytes. To examine inhibitory effects against the expressions of MMPs, RT-PCR and Western blot assay were performed by treating the crude extract at concentrations of 10, 50, and 100 ㎍/ml by irradiating UVB at 15 mJ/cm². As a result, it was confirmed that the mRNA and protein expression levels of MMP-1, MMP-3, and MMP-9 decreased in the group treated with C. japonicum crude extract, which also effectively regulated the antioxidant defense mechanism pathway by activating JNK, ERK, and p38. In conclusion, the current study suggested the possibility that C. japonicum could be used as a raw material for anti-photoaging cosmeceuticals in the future.

• Journal of Life Science
• /
• v.32 no.5
• /
• pp.331-339
• /
• 2022

Melanin is a pigment produced by melanocytes to protect the skin from external stimuli, mainly ultraviolet (UV) rays. However, abnormal and excessive production of melanin causes hyperpigmentation disorders, such as freckles, age spots, and discoloration. Natural cosmeceuticals are a new trend for treating or preventing hyperpigmentation due to fewer side effects and biocompatibility. In this context, the current study focused on Cnidium japonicum, a halophyte with several uses in folk medicine, to evaluate its potential as a skin-whitening agent. The effect of C. japonicum extract (CJE) on melanin production was analyzed in melanogenesis-stimulated B16F10 melanoma cells. The results showed that CJE successfully inhibited the oxidation of tyrosine and L-DOPA by tyrosinase and subsequently decreased the production of the key enzymes responsible for melanin production: tyrosinase, tyrosinase-related protein-1, and protein-2. This effect was confirmed by decreased intracellular and extracellular melanin levels in B16F10 melanoma cells after CJE treatment. Further experiments to elucidate the action mechanism revealed that CJE treatment suppressed melanin production by inhibiting the activation of glycogen synthase kinase 3 β (GSKβ)/β-catenin and protein kinase A (PKA)/cAMP-response element binding protein (CREB) pathways, which are the upstream activators of melanogenesis. In conclusion, the present study suggests that C. japonicum is a potential natural source of bioactive substances for the development of novel cosmeceuticals that can act against hyperpigmentation.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
• /
• v.20 no.3
• /
• pp.311-318
• /
• 2006

In an estuary, ecological dynamic is modified for a long time and memorized in soils and landscapes. As landscape memory, ecological motif is defined with dominance and rarity of vegetation. The purpose of the study is to investigate the existing vegetation character and to propose the ecological motif of this area. The present salt-water plants, community species composition and constancy degree around the estuary in Buandam watershed Buan-gun, Jeollabuk-do were analyzed. The results are as follows. The flora of the salt-water plants was listed as 16 taxa; 6 families,13 genera,14 species and 2 varieties. 5 taxa were Gramineae, 4 taxa Chenopodiaceae, and 4 taxa Comrositae. The salt-water plant communities are a total of 10 communities as listed; Zoysia sinica-Artemisia scoparia community, Phacelurus latifolius community, Artemisia scoparia Cnidium japonicum community, Limonium tetragonum -Artemisia scoparia community, Artemisia scoparia community, Suaeda japonica community, Elymus dahuricus community, Suaeda asparagoides community, Zoysia sinica community, and Zoysia sinica-Suaeda japonica community. Analyzed by the community classification species class of constancy degree, Phacelurus latifolius, Cnidium japonicum, Limonium tetragonum, Suaeda japonica, Elymus dahuricus and Suaeda asparagoides belong to I, Zoysia sinica and Artemisia scoparia to II. Elymus dahuricus, Setaria viridis var. pachystachys, Echinochloa crusgalli var. oryzicola, Phacelurus latifolius, Atriplex gmelini, Salicornia herbacea, Calystegia soldanella and Aster tripolium belong to the accompaniment species to I: Zoysia sinica, Suaeda asparagoides, Artemisia capillaris to II; Suaeda japonica, Artemisia scoparia to III ; Cnidium japonicum to IV: Limonium tetragonum, Artemisia fukudo to V. And the ecological motif is the Phacelurus latifolius community.

• Korean Journal of Organic Agriculture
• /
• v.22 no.2
• /
• pp.321-334
• /
• 2014

This study was conducted to identify plant growth promoting effects of native plant resources and medicinal plants. 65 kinds of plant extracts from 64 species were evaluated based on two rice(Oryza sativa) seedling bioassays for gibberellins and gibberellin-like substances. 12 extracts of Artemisia princeps stem and leaf, Cirsium japonicum var. maackii whole plant, Rhododendron mucronulatum branch and leaf, Phragmites communis stem, Coix lacryma-jobi var. mayuen whole plant, Lespedeza bicolor branch and leaf, Hydrangea serrata f. acuminata whole plant, Phlomis umbrosa whole plant, Glycyrrhiza uralensis Rhizome, G. uralensis stem and leaf, Angelica gigas root, and Cnidium officinale rhizome showed growth promotion of rice seedlings. Our results suggested that the parts of these plants could be the potential sources as farm-made liquid fertilizers for plant growth promotion.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
• /
• v.20 no.1
• /
• pp.25-34
• /
• 2002

The halophytes were investigated on Gyeonggi Bay from Aug. 1999 to Oct. 2001. The survey was conducted at 38 areas including natural salt marshes, dunes, abandoned salt farms and bank areas. During this study 46 species of halophytes were collected in the areas. Among the halophytes the following 7 species were found at natural salt marshes only; Triglochin maritimum L, Carex scabrifolia Steud., Salicornia herbacea L., Suaedu australis (R. Br.) Moq., S. martima Dum., S. japonica Makino, S. malacosperma Hara, on the other hand 8 species at dunes only; Glehnia littoralis Fr. Schm., Cnidium japonicum Miq., Messerschmidia sibirica L., Ixeris repens A. Gray, Corispermum stauntonii Miq., Vitex rotundifolia L. fil., Ischaemum anthephoroides Miq., Carex kobomugi Ohwi. The distributions of halophytes in each regions are as the followings : Isl. Gyodong-do 21 species, Isl. Seokmo-do 10 species, Isl. Ganghwa-do 28 species, Isl. Jangbong-do 16 species, Isl. Sin & Si-do 10 species, Isl. Daemuui-do 23 species, Isl. Deokjeok-do 23 species, Isl. Ijak-do 10 species, Isl. Yeongheung-do 29 species, Soyra 25 species, Isl. Daebu-do 15 species, Ssangsong-ri 6 species, Hogok-ri 16 species, Maehyang-ri 10 species.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
• /
• v.26 no.6
• /
• pp.839-867
• /
• 2012

Vascular plant surveys in Iss. Youngjongdo and Yongyudo, Incheon were conducted 6 times from May to October 2009 and July 2011. The vascular plants inventoried during the surveys were 644 taxa in total; 11 formas, 73 varieties, 4 subspecies, 556 species, 352 genera and 98 families. Among them, 250 taxa were newly found from the survey areas, including Cnidium japonicum Miq., Argusia sibirica (L.) Dandy, Breea setosa (Willd.) Kitam., Dryopteris erythrosora (D. C. Eaton) Kuntze and Dryopteris nipponensis Koidzumi. In the case of dormancy form, hemicryptophytes were most abundant by 37.1%. Six taxa of Korean endemic plants and nine Korean rare plants were also newly recognized along with 45 taxa of notable plants of regional flora announced by the Ministry of Environment. The naturalized plants were 95 taxa, and the Urbanization Index of the survey areas was 29.6%.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
• /
• v.19 no.3
• /
• pp.11-27
• /
• 2016

This study is a survey of the flora distributed in Seocheon tidal flat wetland protected area of nearby island (Daejuk-do, Tokki-deung, Muk-do) and Yubo-do Seocheon-gun Chuncheongnam-do, Korea. The numbers of vascular plants were summarized as 231 taxa including 65 families, 167 genera, 204 species, 2 subspecies, 23 varieties and 2 forms. The halophytes were 33 taxa including 15 families, 29 genera, 29 species, 3 varieties and 1 form (Chenopodium album var. stenophyllum, Cnidium japonicum, Juncus haenkei and so on). The rare plants were 4 taxa including Pseudoraphis ukishiba (VU), Belamcanda chinensis (VU), Phacelurus latifolius (LC) and Polygonum bellardii (DD). The Korean endemic plants were 2 taxa including Salix pseudolasiogyne and Forsythia koreana. In the specific plants by floristic region were 24 taxa, a degree I were 19 taxa (Rhodotypos scandens, Zanthoxylum planispinum, Cynodon dactylon and so on), 2 taxa of a degree III (Elymus mollis and Asparagus oligoclonos), 3 taxa of a degree IV (Polygonum bellardii, Wisteria floribunda and Pseudoraphis ukishiba) and degree II, V were not found. The naturalized plants were 40 taxa including Phytolacca americana, Sicyos angulatus, Lactuca scariola and so on. Naturalization rate (NR) was 17.3% of all 231 taxa of vascular plants and urbanization index (UI) was 12.5% of all 321 taxa of naturalized plants. This study was performed to used as a basic data to identify the protected from plant ecosystems of type classify into analyze the vegetation characteristic of based on flora distributed in Yubu-do and nearby islands.

• The Korea Journal of Herbology
• /
• v.37 no.6
• /
• pp.29-36
• /
• 2022

Objectives : The objective of this study was to investigate the possibility for the treatment of hypertension of herbal medicines belong to Umbelliferae family. Methods : Domestic and international articles about Herbology were investigated. A review was performed via the database (DB) search engines such as Pubmed, Korean studies Information Service System (KISS), KoreaScience, and Google Scholar. Hypertension-related terms including "vasorelaxation", "vasorelaxant", "vasodilation", "vasodilatory", "vasodilative", "hypotension", and "hypotensive" were performed as search terms. Results : A list was made about herbal medicines and origin plants belonging to the Umbelliferae family in Korean Pharmacopoeia 12 and Korean Herbal Pharmacopoeia. 14 herbal medicine and 22 origin plants were searched. Ostericum koreanum root and rhizome, Notopterygium incisum root and rhizome, N. forbesii root and rhizome, Ligusticum tenuissimum root and rhizome, L. jeholense root and rhizome, Angelica gigas root, A. dahurica root, A. dahurica var. formosana root, Bupleurum falcatum root, Peucedanum japonicum root, P. praeruptorum root, A. decursiva root, Cnidium officinale rhizome, L. chuanxiong rhizome, Foeniculum vulgare fruit, and Ferula assa-foetida resin and stem showed significant vasorelaxant or hypotensive effects. Conclusion : These review results showed that Osterici seu Notopterygii Radix et Rhizoma, Ligustici Tenuissimi Rhizoma et Radix, Angelicae Gigantis Radix, Angelicae Dahuricae Radix, Bupleuri Radix, Peucedani Japonici Radix, Peucedani Radix, Cnidii Rhizoma, Foeniculi Fructus, and Ferulae Resina had vasorelaxant or hypotensive effects. The results are expected as basic data in clinical trials and experimental researches for the treatment of hypertension of herbal medicines.

• Korean Journal of Plant Taxonomy
• /
• v.50 no.2
• /
• pp.154-165
• /
• 2020

Coastal regions are experiencing habitat changes due to coastal development and global warming. To estimate the future distribution of coastal plants on the Korean Peninsula due to climate change, the potential distribution of ten species of coastal plants was analyzed using the MaxEnt program. The study covered the eastern, western, and southern coastal areas of the Korean Peninsula. We used the distributional data of coastal plants of the East Asian region and the 19 climate variables of WorldClim 2.0. The future potential distribution was estimated using future climate variables projected from three general circulation models (CCSM4, MIROC-ESM, and MPI-ESM-LR), four representative concentration pathways (2.5, 4.5, 6.0, and 8.5), and two time periods (2050 and 2070). The annual mean temperature influenced the estimation of the potential distribution the most. Under predicted future distribution scenarios, Lathyrus japonicus, Glehnia littoralis, Calystegia soldanella, Vitex rotundifolia, Scutellaria strigillosa, Linaria japonica, and Ixeris repens are expected to show contracted distributions, whereas the distribution of Cnidium japonicum is expected to expand. Two species, Salsola komarovii and Carex kobomugi, are predicted to show similar distributions in the future compared to those in the present. The average potential distribution in the future suggests that the effects of climate change will be greater in the west and the south coastal regions than in the east coastal region. These results will be useful baseline data to establish a conservation strategy for coastal plants.