• 대한가정학회지
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• 제34권4호
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• pp.295-308
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• 1996

The purpose of this study was to explore how family types clustered based on the intra system dynamics explained housewive's managerial behavior. The data were collected by means of questionnaire distributed to a stratified sample of 544 housewives in Seoul who lived with husband and children. The questionnaires included FACES Ⅱ and Ⅲ, Communication Scale, Managerial behavior Scale and Life Satisfaction Scale. Frequency, percentile, mean, correlation, factor analysis, cluster analysis, One-way ANOVA with Scheffe test, and multiple regression were used to analyze the data. This study had resulted in three major findings. The first was that families were clustered by four types, named structed-separated family, flexible-connected family, change oriented emashed, and rigid-disengaed family. The second finding was that a difference in managerial behavior was found among four types of family. Housewives whose family were more connected each other and adapted more easily to changing situations showed better managerial behavior. The last one was that the managerial behavior of housewives was better explained by family types than socio-demographic variables. The recommendations for future research and the better ways to lead effective managerial behavior were suggested.

• 정보처리학회논문지A
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• 제8A권3호
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• pp.217-226
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• 2001

본 논문은 클러스터 기반의 분산 구조를 갖는 CCMSS(Clustered Continuous Media Storage Server) 시스템의 미디어 검색 동작에 대해 디스크의 입출력 지연 시간 뿐맘 아니라 내부 네트워크의 통신 지연 시간을 함께 고려한, 열린 큐잉 네트워크 기반의 해석적 모델을 제시하고 이를 이용하여 전체 서비스 지연 시간에 대한 확률적 모델을 정의한다. 그리고 정의된 확률적 모델을 바탕으로 허용된 서비스 실패율 범위에서 최대 서비스 가능한 사용자 요구 수를 구하고 이 값을 이용하여 승인 제어를 수행하는 통합형 통계적 승인 제어 모델을 제안한다. 제안된 승인 제어 기법의 성능 분석을 위해 단순히 디스크 성능만을 고려한 확률적 모델과 본 논문에서 제안한 디스크 성능과 내부 네트워크의 성능을 함께 고려한 확률적 모델을 통해 산출한 마감시간 실패율과 실제 클러스터 기반 서버 환경에서 모의 실험을 통해 얻은 결과를 비교하였으며, 실험 결과에 대한 분석을 통해 제안된 승인 제어 기법이 CCMSS 시스템의 실제 서비스 지연 요소를 정확히 반영하고 있다는 것을 알 수 있었다.

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제22권6호
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• pp.1014-1021
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• 2006

SMMIAR (Submerged Moving Media Intermittent Aeration Reactor) Process is a very efficient system which remove ammonia to nitrogen gas in one reactor. In this study, we determined the diversity of ammonia oxidizing bacteria and denitrifying bacteria using specific PCR amplification and the clone library construction. An ammonia monooxygenase gene(amoA) was analyzed to investigate the diversity of nitrifiers. Most of amoA gene fragments (27/29, 93%) were same types and they are very similar (>99%) to the sequences of Nitrosomonas europaea and other clones isolated from anoxic ammonia oxidizing reactors. ANAMMOX related bacteria have not determined by specific PCR amplification. A nitrite reductase gene(nirK) was analyzed to investigate the diversity of denitrifying bacteria. About half (9/20, 45%) of denitrifiers were clustered with Rhodobacter and most of others were clustered with Mesorhizobium (6/20, 30%) and Rhizobium (3/20, 15%). All of these nirK gene clones were clustered in alpha-Proteobacteria and this result is coincide with other system which also operate nitrification and denitrification in one reactor. The molecular monitoring of the population of nitrifiers and denitrifiers would be helpful for the system stabilization and scale-up.

• Environmental Engineering Research
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.680-689
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• 2019

Temperature effects on the generation of brake wear particles from railway vehicles were generated, with a particular focus on the generation of ultrafine particles. A real scale brake dynamometer test was repeated five times under low and high initial temperatures of brake discs, respectively, to obtain generalized results. Size distributions and temporal patterns of wear particles were analyzed through visualization using clustered heatmaps. Our results indicate that high initial temperature conditions promote the generation of ultrafine particles. While particle concentration peaked within the range of fine sized particles under both low and high initial temperature, an additional peak occurred within the range of ultrafine sized particles only under high initial temperature. The timing of peak occurrence also differed between low and high initial temperature conditions. Under low initial temperature fine sized particles were generated intensively at the latter end of braking, whereas under high initial temperature both fine and ultrafine particles were generated more dispersedly along the braking period. The clustered correlation heatmap divided particle sizes into two groups, within which generation timing and concentration of particles were similar. The cut-off point between the two groups was approximately 100 nm, confirming that the governing mechanisms for the generation of fine particles and ultrafine particles are different.

• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제31권3A호
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• pp.267-273
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• 2006

본 논문에서는 Beyond 3G 시스템에서 연구되고 있는 OFCDM 시스템에서 터보 코드화되고 클러스터링된 신호의 주파수 다이버시티 이득을 최대화하는 것을 목적으로 한다. 즉, OFCDM시스템은 OFDM과 달리 주파수 영역확산을 하기 때문에 확산 후의 통일 심볼들을 여러 개의 안테나와 같은 안테나에 적절히 할당함으로써 통일 심볼간의 페이딩을 거친 수신 신호의 무상관 특성을 최대화함으로써 주파수 다이버시티 이득을 최대화할 수 있다. 제안된 최적의 방식은 STA-OFCDM에 비해서는 낮은 지연 확산(${\sigma}=0.02{\mu}sec$)에서 4dB 성능 향상이 있고 높은 지연 확산(${\sigma}=0.3{\mu}sec$)에서는 2.5dB가량의 성능 향상되었다. 또한 제안된 최적화 방식을 부반송파 재배열(SR: subcarrier rearrange)을 가진 STA-OFCDM과 비교하면 $10^{-3}$의 요구되는 BER에서 클러스터링에 의해 주파수 다이버시티 이득을 극대화함으로써 지연 확산과 상관없이 2dB정도의 성능 향상을 시킬 수 있었다. 또한 제안된 최적화 방식은 어떤 대역폭 확장이나 수신기로부터 송신기로의 피드백이나 기존의 클러스터링 방식에 비해 더 많은 복잡도를 요구하지 않는다.

• Journal of Power Electronics
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• 제7권4호
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• pp.286-293
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• 2007

This paper proposes a distribution voltage control method when a voltage increase condition occurs due to reverse power flow from the clustered photovoltaic (PV) system. This proposed distribution voltage control is performed a by distribution-unified power flow controller (D-UPFC). D-UPFC consists of a hi-directional ac-ac converter and transformer. It does not use any energy storage component or rectifier circuit, but it directly converts ac to ac. The distribution model and D-UPFC voltage control using the ATP-EMTP program were simulated and the results show the voltage increase control in the distribution system.

• Journal of the Optical Society of Korea
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.74-79
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• 2015

A novel color clustered optical RGB multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) system is presented. As visible light can be divided into three primary regions of red, green and blue, data can be modulated and transmitted separately using these three color clusters. Each color cluster comprised of 30 RGB LEDs is modulated using on-off-keying (OOK), and selection combining is performed at the receiver, producing a diversity effect within that color cluster. The simulations demonstrate that the proposed RGB MIMO VLC system provides high performance via a relatively simple design of MIMO. Moreover, the proposed system ensures sufficient illumination from LEDs and offers extended distance if more LEDs are applied.

• 한국지능정보시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지능정보시스템학회 2001년도 The Pacific Aisan Confrence On Intelligent Systems 2001
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• pp.25-29
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• 2001

There are so many researches about the search method for the most compatible dispatching rule to a manufacturing system state. Most of researches select the dispatching rule using simulation results. This paper touches upon two research topics: the clustering method for manufacturing system states using simulation, and the search method for the most compatible dispatching rule to a manufacturing system state. The manufacturing system state variables are given to ART II neural network as input. The ART II neural network is trained to cluster the system state. After being trained, the ART II neural network classifies any system state as one state of some clustered states. The simulation results using clustered system state information and those of various dispatching rules are compared and the most compatible dispatching rule to the system state is defined. Finally there are made two knowledge bases. The simulation experiments are given to compare the proposed methods with other scheduling methods. The result shows the superiority of the proposed knowledge base.

• 한국음향학회지
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• 제16권6호
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• pp.106-109
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• 1997

고립단어 음성인식 시스템이 실용적이 되려면 인식 대상 이외의 단어를 거절할 수 있는 기능이 요구된다. 본 논문에서는 집단화된 음소 모델과 likelihood ratio에 의한 후처리 방법을 사용하여 거절기능을 구현하는 방법을 제안하였다. 기본적인 음성인식 시스템은 단어 단위 연속 HMM을 사용하였고, 6개의 집단화된 음소 모델들은 음성학적으로 균형잡힌 음성 데이터베이스를 이용하여 훈련된 45개의 문맥독립 음소 모델들로부터 통계적 방법에 의하여 생성되었다. 22개의 부서 명칭을 대상으로 한 화자독립 고립단어 인식시스템에서 거절성능을 시험하여 본 결과, 가장 높은 확률값과 두 번째 높은 확률값을 가지는 후보단어들 간의 차이값에 의하여 거절기능을 수행하는 기존의 후처리 방법보다 성능이 향상됨을 알 수 있었다. 또한 이 집단화된 음소모델은 인식 대상 어휘가 다른 고립단어 인식 시스템에도 재훈련 없이 그대로 사용될 수 있다.

• 대한의용생체공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한의용생체공학회 1997년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.319-322
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• 1997

This paper presents a CAD (Computer-Aided Diagnosis) system or detection of breast cancer, which is composed of personal computer, X-ray film scanner, high resolution display and application softwares. There are three major algorithms implemented in the application software. The irst algorithm is the adaptive enhancement of the digitized X-ray mammograms based on the first derivative and the local statistics. The second one is to detect the clustered microcalcifications by using the statistical texture analysis, and the third one is the classification of the clustered microcalcifications as malignant or benign by using the shape analysis. These algorithms were verified by real experiments.