• The KIPS Transactions:PartC
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• v.14C no.5
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• pp.403-410
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• 2007

For reliable sensor network communication, secure data transmission mechanisms are necessary. In our work, for secure communication, we cluster the network field in hexagonal shape and deploy nodes according to Gaussian distribution. After node deployment, clusterheads and gateway nodes in each cluster play the role of aggregating and delivering the sensed data with suity information all the way to the base station. Our mechanism decreases the overhead and provides food performance. It also has resilience against various routing attacks.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 2005.10a
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• pp.327-332
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• 2005

This paper aims to analysis for evaluation factor and success prediction of port innovative cluster. This paper is divided three factors such ac policy, source and operation. In addition, three factors are divided into the twelve detail factors. the weight of each factor is calculated by Kohonen Network. At the result, this paper places the priority on the source factor.

• Journal of information and communication convergence engineering
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.67-72
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• 2021

Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) require an enormous number of sensor nodes (SNs) to maintain processing, sensing, and communication capabilities for monitoring targeted sensing regions. SNs are generally operated by batteries and have a significantly restricted energy consumption; therefore, it is necessary to discover optimization techniques to enhance network lifetime by saving energy. The principal focus is on reducing the energy consumption of packet sharing (transmission and receiving) and improving the network lifespan. To achieve this objective, this paper presents a novel improved energy-efficient cluster-based routing protocol (IECRP) that aims to accomplish this by decreasing the energy consumption in data forwarding and receiving using a clustering technique. Doing so, we successfully increase node energy and network lifetime. In order to confirm the improvement of our algorithm, a simulation is done using matlab, in which analysis and simulation results show that the performance of the proposed algorithm is better than that of two well-known recent benchmarks.

• Annual Conference of KIPS
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• 2011.04a
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• pp.576-579
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• 2011

Wireless sensor network are widely all over different fields. Because of its distinguished characteristics, we must take account of the factor of energy consumed when designing routing protocol. Wireless sensor networks consist of small battery powered devices with limited energy resources. Once deployed, the small sensor nodes are usually inaccessible to the user, and thus replacement of the energy source is not feasible. Hence, energy efficiency is a key design issue that needs to be enhanced in order to improve the life span of the network. In BCDCP, all sensors sends data from the CH (Cluster Head) and then to the BS (Base Station). BCDCP works well in a smallscale network however is not preferred in a large scale network since it uses much energy for long distance wireless communication. TBRP can be used for large scale network, but it weakness lies on the fact that the nodedry out of energy easily since it uses multi-hops transmission data to the Base Station. Here, we proposed a routing protocol. A Cluster Based Energy Efficient Tree Routing Protocol (CETRP) in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) to prolong network life time through the balanced energy consumption. CETRP selects Cluster Head of cluster tree shape and uses maximum two hops data transmission to the Cluster Head in every level. We show CETRP outperforms BCDCP and TBRP with several experiments.

• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
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• v.33 no.5
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• pp.341-350
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• 2014

In this paper, an energy efficient clustering scheme using self organization method is proposed. The proposed scheme selects a cluster head considering not only the number of neighbor nodes but also the residual battery amount. In addition, the network life time is extended by re-selecting the cluster heads only in case the current cluster head's residual energy falls down below a certain threshold level. Accordingly, the energy consumption is evenly distributed over the entire network nodes. The cluster head delivers the collected data from member nodes to a Sink node in a way of multi-hop relaying. In order to evaluate the proposed scheme, we run computer simulation in terms of the total residual amount of battery, the number of alive nodes after a certain amount of time, the accumulated energy cost for network configuration, and the deviation of energy consumption of all nodes, comparing with LEACH which is one of the most popular network clustering schemes. Numerical results show that the proposed scheme has twice network life-time of LEACH scheme and has much more evenly distributed energy consumption over the entire network.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.11 no.5
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• pp.661-672
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• 2008

Mobile Ad-hoc NETwork is a kind of self-controlled network composed only of mobile hosts. Since its range of use is gradually expanding into various sections applicable to practical lives, active researches are being conducted on it. However, as it depends on cooperation of nodes composing the entire network, due to weakness of wireless link and lack of its central infrastructure, so it is exposed to more serious risk than general network in security. Therefore, this paper proposes Cluster-Based Dynamic Authentication that enables only reliable nodes to participate in communication, by solving lack of centralized infrastructure, using hierarchical Mobile Ad hoc NETwork structure based on cluster, and by complementing security weakness through mutual authentication between hierarchical nodes. Simulation shows that the proposed scheme can complement security weakness of Mobile Ad hoc NETwork and that it is more adequate in reliability and expandability than the existing schemes.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.12 no.1 s.45
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• pp.73-82
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• 2007

This paper proposes how to reduce the amount of data transmitted in each sensor and cluster head in order to lengthen the lifetime of sensor network by data aggregation of the continuous queries. The most important factor of refuting the sensor's energy dissipation is to reduce the amount of messages transmitted. The method proposed is basically to combine clustering, in-network data aggregation and hierarchical filtering. Hierarchical filtering is to divide sensor network by two tiers when filtering it. First tier performs filtering when transmitting the data from cluster member to cluster head, and second tier performs filtering when transmitting the data from cluster head to base station. This method is much more efficient and effective than the previous work. We show through various experiments that our scheme reduces the network traffic significantly and increases the network's lifetime than existing methods.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.1224-1248
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• 2022

In various sensor network applications, such as climate observation organizations, sensor nodes need to collect information from time to time and pass it on to the recipient of information through multiple bounces. According to field tests, this information corresponds to most of the energy use of the sensor hub. Decreasing the measurement of information transmission in sensor networks becomes an important issue.Compression sensing (CS) can reduce the amount of information delivered to the network and reduce traffic load. However, the total number of classification of information delivered using pure CS is still enormous. The hybrid technique for utilizing CS was proposed to diminish the quantity of transmissions in sensor networks.Further the energy productivity is a test task for the sensor nodes. However, in previous studies, a clustering approach using hybrid CS for a sensor network and an explanatory model was used to investigate the relationship between beam size and number of transmissions of hybrid CS technology. It uses efficient data integration techniques for large networks, but leads to clone attacks or attacks. Here, a new algorithm called SBEA (Snowball Endurance Algorithm) was proposed and tested with a bow. Thus, you can extend the battery life of your WSN by running effective copy detection. Often, multiple nodes, called observers, are selected to verify the reliability of the nodes within the network. Personal data from the source centre (e.g. personality and geographical data) is provided to the observer at the optional witness stage. The trust and reputation system is used to find the reliability of data aggregation across the cluster head and cluster nodes. It is also possible to obtain a mechanism to perform sleep and standby procedures to improve the life of the sensor node. The sniffers have been implemented to monitor the energy of the sensor nodes periodically in the sink. The proposed algorithm SBEA (Snowball Endurance Algorithm) is a combination of ERCD protocol and a combined mobility and routing algorithm that can identify the cluster head and adjacent cluster head nodes.This algorithm is used to yield the network life time and the performance of the sensor nodes can be increased.

• Journal of Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.300-309
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• 2008

Variations in PM10 concentration between 2000 and 2005 from 84 urban air monitoring stations operated by the government were analyzed. The K-means cluster analysis was attempted using annual average and the 99th percentile of daily averages as parameters. The results obtained by excluding Asian dust episode days were compared with those obtained by using all available data. In any cases, the cluster with the highest mean concentration was mostly composed of stations in Seoul and Gyeonggi. Annual average of the cluster with the highest mean concentration showed a distinct decreasing trend, but that excluding Asian dust episode days did not show such a trend. Without Asian dust episode days high concentrations of monthly averages in March and April were also not observed. The effect of Asian dust was more pronounced in the 99th percentile of daily averages. The 99th percentile of daily averages of the cluster with the highest mean concentration was the highest in June following downs in April and May.

• Convergence Security Journal
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.91-100
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• 2008

The previous works in sensor networks security have focused on the aspect of confidentiality, authentication and integrity based on cryptographic primitives. There has been no prior work to assess the survivability in systematic way. Accordingly, this paper presents a survivability model of wireless sensor networks using software rejuvenation for dual adaptive cluster head. The survivability model has state transition to reflect status of real wireless sensor networks. In this paper, we only focus on a survivability model which is capable of describing cluster head compromise in the networks and able to switch over the redundant cluster head in order to increase the survivability of that cluster. Second, this paper presents how to enhance the survivability of sensor networks using software rejuvenation methodology for dual cluster head in wireless sensor network. We model and analyze each cluster as a stochastic process based on Semi Markov Process (SMP) and Discrete Time Markov Chain (DTMC). The proof of example scenarios and numerical analysis shows the feasibility of our approach.