• Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.53-67
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• 2023

Blood circulation is one of the most important life support functions of our body. It is essential to maintain healthy blood circulation as problems with blood circulation can lead to numerous diseases and serious complications. This study developed women's leggings with gradual compression and soft surface heating functions to improve blood circulation, and evaluated their performance and wearability. A silicon print pattern was developed to provide gradual compression, and a flexible heating surface coated with MWCNT (multi-walled carbon nanotube) conductive ink was fabricated for comfort and thermal effect. For the design, incision lines and materials were applied in consideration of aesthetic aspects, and design lines and colors were altered using a 3D program. The developed leggings showed that blood circulation can be improved when gradual compression and heating functions are simultaneously applied. Results were confirmed through measurements of clothing pressure, blood flow, and surface temperature. In the subjective wearability evaluation, it was confirmed that wearers felt gradual pressure, and they showed high satisfaction with wearability and design.

• Textile Coloration and Finishing
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.47-53
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• 1997

To improve the interfacial bonding of carbon fiber-nylon 6 composite, carbon fiber(CF) were oxidized by nitric acid treatment, and two types of graft polymer(GP) of nylon 6-g-polyacrylamide (PAAm) -water dispersable GP(WDGP) and m-cresol solu ble GP(CSGP) were treated as coupling agents. Introduction of polar groups such as -COOH, -OH, etc, on the surface of the oxidized CF was confirmed by IR spectra. The stem polymer of nylon 6 in the coupling agent (GP) could be compatible with'matrix nylon 5, and the grafted branch of PAAm on GP could react to the polar groups on the oxidized CF in composite. The interfacial strength was measured by the transverse tensile test to the fiber direction for single CF embedded nylon 6 film especially prepared and by the pull-out test method. The interfacial strength of the composite reinforced with oxidized CF is greater than that reinforced with unoxidized CF. The interfacial strength of the composite was increased by treatment of coupling agents(GPs) considerably, and the increasing tendency by the WDGP is greater than that by the CSGP. The optimum conditions of coupling agent treatment are as follows: the concentration, adsorption tlme of GP, and curing temperature are 2%, 20 minutes, and $170^{\circ}$, respectively.

• Textile Coloration and Finishing
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.148-154
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• 2017

Many researches have been made on the processing technology of Poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET), which is widely used for clothing and non-clothing applications. In this study, we coated PET filaments with m-aramid resin to improve heat resistance and antimicrobial properties. In order to enhance adhesion between PET and m-aramid polymer, the adhesive polymer was coated on the PET filaments using a winding speed of 100m/min and then treated with m-aramid. Scanning electron microscopy was used to analyze the surface of the adhesive polymer and m-aramid treated PET filament. The change of initial degradation temperature according to treatment was confirmed by thermogravimetric analysis. Antimicrobial activity analysis using bacterial reduction method showed that PET filament treated with adhesive polymer and m-aramid had an increased antibacterial effect compared to untreated PET filament.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.23 no.6
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• pp.1205-1215
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• 2014

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of local heating and cooling of various body parts on the skin temperature of the exposed extremities including neck. Hot pack was used to warm up the body of seven participants for 15 minutes and it was removed as the temperature of the hot pack decreased after 15minutes of warming. Thermograms of body surface with and without hot pack were analyzed intensively to observe the efficiency of the local heating of shoulder, abdomen, back waist, and foot on the skin temperature of ten area of the subjects' body. The results indicated that the absolute skin temperature of front upper arm and thigh was significantly higher depending on the area of heating, especially, in case of abdomen and foot heating, which was not observed at the back of the body. The rate of skin temperature of extremities such as finger, palm and foot was significantly different depending on the body area of local heating. Generally, it was found that back waist heating was not efficient to warm up and maintain the skin temperature of the body after removing the hot pack.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.655-666
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• 1996

The effect of protease (subtilisin Carlsberg) on the removal of hemoglobin as protein soil was studied. The relation between the renloval and the hydrolysis of hemoglobin by subtilisin Carlsberg was discussed. The soiled babric was prepared by spotting of hemoglobin solution evenly on the cotton fabric and was denatured by steaming. The soiled fabric was washed by using Terg-0-Tometer at various conditions. The removal efficiency was evaluated by analysis of protein on the fabrics before and after washing by means of copper-Folin method. 1. The removal of hemoglobin was increased in proportion to increasing of the enzyme concentration up to a certain point, but it began to decrease above the point. 2. The hemoglobin was removed effectively by adding of subtilisin Carlsberg, and more effectively removed by adding of AOS in the enzyme solution. 3. The removal of hemoglobin deviated from the first order reaction in detergency. 4. The renloval of hemoglobin was highest at $50^{\circ}C$ in detergency, Even at low temperature the removal efficiency of enzyme was relatively higher compared with the hydrolysis of hemoglobin by the enzyme. However the removal of hemoglobin was apparently decreased with the increase of temperature over $60^{\circ}C$. 5. The removal of hemoglobin was relatively high at pH 7.0~8.0 and increased continuously with the increase of pH in detergency 6. In detergency, the removal mechanism of hemoglobin by subtilisin Carlsberg could be explained as follows: Fisrt of all, the enzyme hydrolyzed hemoglobin substrates partially by forming E-S complex at the surface of hemoglobin on the cotton fiber, and decomposed cooperative binding of hemoglobin. Subsequently, the fragments of hemoglobin were easily removed by washing. According as the enzyme penetrated to inner part of hemoglobin gradually, the hemoglobin on the cotton fiber was effectively removed by the repetition of these process. The removal of hemoglobin was more effectively increased by adding both the enzyme and AOS in the washing solution. Therefore, it was regarded that AOS molecules were adsorbed at the hydrophobic surface of denatured hemoglobin, subsequently, decomposed more effectively cooperative binding of hemoglobin, and the fragments of hemoglobin were removed more efficiently by means of the interfacial reaction of AOS.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.36 no.10
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• pp.1050-1057
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• 2012

This study helps develop a cool body armor that maintains a tight-fit configuration to the body surface and evaluates the performance of newly developed body armor in a wear test. Three types of body armor were used for evaluation. One was a tight fitting body armor that was constructed to improve the degree of fit and ease of movement for Korean soldier using 3D technology. Another was ventilating body armor with attached spacers on the shoulder to reduce the thermal stress on the soldier. The third was a prevailing body armor produced by a Korean body armor company. In order to evaluate the performance of the body armor, a human wear test, a thermal mannequin test, and computational fluid dynamics (CFD) were executed. Five subjects participated in the wear test. Subjective wear sensation, total amount of sweat and dynamic change of clothing microclimate were observed during and after exercise on a treadmill; subsequently, it was found that subjects rated tight fitting body armor and ventilating body armor lighter, drier, and easier to move than the conventional body armor (p<.05). Total amount of sweat was the least in the case of ventilating body armor. The thermal resistance and vapor resistance of the ventilating body armor were improved remarkably. In addition, the skin temperature of the ventilating body armor with spacers was lower than the tight fitting body armor by at least $1^{\circ}C$ in the CFD result. It is noted that thermal-wet comfort of the 3D body armor with ventilating feature is superior to the conventional body armor, especially when the ventilating channel is not closed due to a backpack.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.100-106
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• 2012

This research was carried out to find the mordant effect of Chestnut's inner skin on the cow leather dyed by Turmeric powder. The best proper mordanting conditions were examined by changing mordant method, concentration, temperature, bath ratio, time, and repetition. Also dyeability and surface color changes were evaluated by various mordanting methods. The optimum mordanting conditions of chestnut's inner skin extract on the cow leather were pre mordant, 80%, $50^{\circ}C$, 50:1, 40minutes, 4 repetition. The K/S values as a mordant were higher in pre mordant than post mordanting condition. Although the ${\Delta}E$ was slightly higher in post mordant than pre mordant, it was too small to find any means. The surface colors of all dyed cow leathers were yellow. Among light, dry cleaning, and abrasion fastnesses, only light fastness was increased one degree, others were same degrees.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.140-148
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• 2013

This research was carried out to find the dyeabilities and mordants effects of cow leather dyed with Lac powder. They were examined by changing dye concentration, dyeing temperature, bath ratio, dyeing time, and dyeing repetition. And K/S values and surface color changes were evaluated by various mordanting conditions. The optimum dyeing conditions of the cow leather dyed with Lac powder were 30%, $40^{\circ}C$, 30:1, 30minutes, and 4 repetitions. The K/S values were higher in post mordant than pre mordanting condition. The surface colors of dyed cow leathers were R and RP. The dye fastnesses increased in post Cu and Fe mordanting, as decreased in gallnut and chestnut's skin conditions.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.75-82
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• 1986

This study was measured experimentally the Configuration factor of the adult female with the purpose of explaning quantitatively the human body's radiant heat exchange in a small scale of a house. And it is a investigatio about human clothed body's heat resistance which have great influence on radiant heat exchange. The result of this study was diagrammatized the [Shape×Area Factor] for the sake of making it easy to calculate the quantity of the actual human body's radiant heat exchange, and designed a diagram to make it easy to find the value of the human clothed body's heat resistance and clothing surface temperature. Thus, this research can be used as a basic resource for not only calculating wuantitatively radiant heat exchange of human clothed body and unclothed body in the radiant heating system of low temperature but also designing the thermal environment in a room.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.361-370
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• 2014

The fabric, 100% Silk, was dyed with Atractylodes japonica extract solution. The effects of concentration of extracts (colorant), temperature of dyeing, time of dyeing and pH of dye bath were studied. As the concentration of extracts increased, color strength (K/S value) increased progressively. The K/S values increased with raising temperature, time and proper conditions were $80^{\circ}C$ and 80 minutes. Maximum K/S value was obtained at pH 3. The K/S values of mordanted fabrics were increased with increasing mordant concentration up to specific values. Surface color of dyed and mordanted fabrics were yellowish. Light color fastness of fabric with mordanting was fairly good 3/4 rating. The mordanted silk fabrics showed excellent antibacterial activity. The silk fabric dyed with Atractylodes japonica extract showed a superior UV protective property.