• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.33 no.5
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• pp.249-254
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• 2019

This study is aimed to refute against medical opponent's claim that Korean medicine does not conform to the conditions of science. Analyses and refutations against a journal treatise and a Facebook column formally written for a logical criticism and attack were conducted. As an example of the logic of the knowledge production process in Chinese medicine, 8 principle theory was exemplified in the Han danasty Classics "Neijing" and "Shanghanlun" at first. The knowledge was continuously revised and accumulated historically and then completed through Ming、Cheng period. The differential diagnosis and treatment theory is a logical process of forming knowledge through the process of abduction, deduction and induction begun from "Shanghanlun" succeeded to nowadays and it is essentially equaled with the process of experimental inference by Claude Bernard. Examples of normal science status based on Kuhn's scientific standards include the theory of 8 principle, differntial diagnosis of viscera and bowel, 3 yang and 3 yin diseases of "Shanghanlun" and warm disease theory. Examples of science lost or get its normal status by refutation following Popper's standards were cold damage theory and warm disease theory respectively. This allowed Chinese medicine to follow the general principles of science that form scientific knowledge and to correspond with the demarcation standards and concepts of science. However, as one of the conditions for becoming a science, Chinese medicine is partially lacking in terms of the interpretation of text language or the accordance with modern knowledge. Therefore methods are required to supplement this lack through multi-faceted research such as literature-based, theoretical and clinical studies.

• Journal of Sasang Constitutional Medicine
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.431-453
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• 1998

1. Background and Purpose: We intended to make the standards of CVA management of Sasang Constitutional Medicine and be helpful to understand the constitutional symptoms through a clinical study of CVA. 2. Methods: We studied 157 CVA inpatients(79 men and 78 women) who were in constitutional clinic of Dongguk Pundang Oriental Hospital during 1 year from March 1997 to February 1998. We investigated and analysed the characteristics, past histories, symptoms and progresses of patients. 3. Results: The results of constitutional analysis showed 88 Taeumin(56.1%), 48 Soyangin(30.6%) and 21 Soeumin(13.4%). The frequency of strokes was much the same between male and female and the greater part of cases were 50-70 of age. The CVA cases were classified into 119 cerebral infarction(75.8%), 11 cerebral hemorrhage(7.0%), 1 subarachnoid hemorrhage(0.6%) and 26 trasient ischemic attack. From the standards of symptom management, there were abnormality of a coated tongue(63.1%) in most cases, sleeping disorders(48.4%), excremental disorders(44.7%) and urinary disorders(36.9%) on admission. With regard to the rate of improvement in the standards of CVA management, excremental disorders improved 87.1% and emotional disorder 81.0%, swallowing disorder 78.7% and so on.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.51 no.1
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• pp.1-25
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• 2008

Purpose : Since 1967, The Korean Pediatric Society and Korean Government have developed Korean Growth Standards every 10 years. Last version was published in 1998. During past 40 years, Korean Growth Standards were mainly descriptive charts without any systematic nor statistical standardization. With the global epidemic of obesity, many authorities such as World Health Organization (WHO) and United States' Centers for Disease Control (CDC) have been changed their principles of growth charts to cope with the situations like ours. This article summarizes and reviews the whole developmental process of new 2007 Korean Growth Charts with discussion. Methods : With the initiative of Division of Chronic Disease Surveillance in Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, we have performed new national survey for the development of new Standards in 2005 and identified marked increase of childhood obesity and plateau of secular increment of final height in late adolescents. We have developed new Growth Standards via adapting several innovative methods, including standardization of all available raw data, which were acquired in 1997 and 2005 national survey and full application of LMS method. Results : We could get new standardized charts; weight-for-age, length/height-for-age, weight-for-height, head circumference-for-age and BMI-for-age. Other non-standardized charts based on 2005 survey data were also published; waist circumference-for-age, mid-arm circumference-for-age, chest circumference-for-age and skinfold-for-age. Clinical guideline was also developed. Conclusion : Developmental process and results of new Korean Growth Charts are comparable with other internationally well-known Growth Standards, WHO 2006 Growth Standards and CDC Growth Charts. 2007 Korean Growth Charts are relevant especially in Korea and Korean ethnic groups.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.40-59
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• 2018

Objectives : We report on the contents and reviews of the guidelines for clinical trials of herbal medicine for psoriasis. Methods : After reviewing the existing reports, the guidelines were drafted by the writing committee on guidelines for Korean medicine clinical trial center in Kyung Hee university Korean medicine hospital. Since then, the guidelines have been consulted by the experts in diseases, clinical trials and pharmaceuticals. In addition, the guidelines have been certified by the Korean medicine clinical trial center association and Korean Medicine Ophthalmology & Otolaryngology & Dermatology Society. Results : The guidelines for clinical trials are divided into 8 categories: (1) general contents, (2) evaluation standards of effectiveness, (3) outcome valuables, (4) selection of study participants, (5) designs of clinical trials, (6) safety evaluations, (7) combination therapies in psoriasis treatment and (8) Korean medical considerations. Conclusions : There are 3 major contents for discussion: (1) obscurity of Korean medical considerations to differentiate from existing guidelines, (2) the absence of Korean version of PASI and DLQI, which are validity parameters and (3) realistic institutional problem using the herbal medicine.

• CELLMED
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.15.1-15.9
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• 2020

Introduction: Buthūr Labaniyya (Acne vulgaris) is a multifactorial disorder of the pilosebaceous units characterized by non-inflammatory and inflammatory clinical lesions. Several Unani medications have been used for centuries to treat acne. Objectives: Evaluation of safety and efficacy of Tila-i Muhāsā in patients with acne vulgaris Materials and Methods: This clinical study was conducted in patients with acne vulgaris. Patients applied Tila-i Muhāsā or 5% Benzoyl Peroxide (BPO) once daily for 6 weeks. Assessment of efficacy was carried out by Global Acne Grading System (GAGS) and Patient Global Assessment (PGA) scores. In addition, overall severity of acne was evaluated on a 5-point Cook's acne grading scale using photographic standards. Assessment of safety was performed through adverse drug reactions, local dermal tolerability, vital signs, and routine laboratory investigations. Results: A total of 60 patients (30 in each group) completed 6 weeks of treatment. The mean percentage reduction in GAGS score at 6 weeks from baseline in Unani group (66.97%) and BPO group (59.09%) was statistically significant (P<0.0001). After 6 weeks of therapy, the mean percentage reduction in PGA score compared to baseline in Unani group (57.44%) and BPO group (50.23%) was statistically significant (P<0.0001). No serious adverse events were reported in both groups; however, mild adverse events occurred more frequently in BPO group (30%) compared to Unani group (10%). Conclusion: Tila-i Muhāsā was found to be effective and safe in the treatment of acne vulgaris. However, further clinical studies with larger sample size and longer duration of therapy need to be conducted.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.25 no.10
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• pp.989-1000
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• 1992

The concepts of modern type computer are so called "General purpose, stored program and digital computer" that is proposed by Charles Babbage. ENIAC, the initial operational electronic digital computer model, was produced in 1946. During the last 50 years, an epoch-making development of the personal computer was marked. The computerization of all levels of society is going on and also computerization of the general hospital and medical college is developing. But patient data management system for clinician is not used generally. We suggest the use of computer aided data management application programs for the clinical informations of the patients of the Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery for better management and to make best of medical informations, to co-operate with the current of this times, and to prepare against the Hospital Information Systems[HIS], actively. Also, we suggest to standardize the format and structure of database files to store the clinical data of the patients By standardization of the database files, we can integrate and relate the data of the individual department or hospital, build up the regional or national statistics of the patients easily, and promote the generation of application programs. The medical network by the communication and computer would be utilized to collect the database files. And finally, we suggest the use of code system to input and search the informations about the diagnosis and operation such as the code system of International Classfication of Disease[WHO] and the table of the classfication of operation of the Ministry of Health and Social Affairs, Korea. In this article, we tried to show the new standards, the essential items for computerization of clinical informations of the patients of the Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery.r Surgery.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.40 no.6
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• pp.666-675
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• 2013

Background Stem cells are a unique cell population characterized by self-renewal and cellular differentiation capabilities. These characteristics, among other traits, make them an attractive option for regenerative treatments of tissues defects and for aesthetic procedures in plastic surgery. As research regarding the isolation, culture and behavior of stem cells has progressed, stem cells, particularly adult stem cells, have shown promising results in both translational and clinical applications. Methods The purpose of this review is to evaluate the applications of stem cells in the plastic surgery literature, with particular focus on the advances and limitations of current stem cell therapies. Different key areas amenable to stem cell therapy are addressed in the literature review; these include regeneration of soft tissue, bone, cartilage, and peripheral nerves, as well as wound healing and skin aging. Results The reviewed studies demonstrate promising results, with favorable outcomes and minimal complications in the cited cases. In particular, adipose tissue derived stem cell (ADSC) transplants appear to provide effective treatment options for bony and soft tissue defects, and non-healing wounds. ADSCs have also been shown to be useful in aesthetic surgery. Conclusions Further studies involving both the basic and clinical science aspects of stem cell therapies are warranted. In particular, the mechanism of action of stem cells, their interactions with the surrounding microenvironment and their long-term fate require further elucidation. Larger randomized trials are also necessary to demonstrate the continued safety of transplanted stem cells as well as the efficacy of cellular therapies in comparison to the current standards of care.

• Journal of Korean Medicine Rehabilitation
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.87-106
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• 2013

Objectives We will provide basic information on bee venom clinical tests and aid the practical use of bee venom in such tests, through examination of RCT research related to bee venom that was reported domestically. Methods We collected 365 articles on Bee venom study result from the OASIS system using the Keyword 'bee venom, apitoxin, apitherapy, bee sting'. The initially selected theses were primarily screened for clinical research. Out of these, case studies and non randomized controlled trial (non-RCT) were ruled out. As a result, 39 studies of randomized controlled trial (RCT) research were chosen as the subjects of study. Results RCT research related to bee venom was first presented in 2003, and 39 studies have been published until 2012. 18 studies were tests to confirm the effectiveness of bee venom, 7 studies were comparisons between SBV and BV, and 13 studies were comparisons with other types of treatment. Research conducted through appropriate randomization methods were 20 studies, and inappropriate randomization methods were used in 19 studies. In therms of Jadad score, 12 studies received 4~5 points, 15 studies received 1-3 points, and 12 studies received zero point. Conclusions In order to assure good quality RCT research, appropriate guidelines should be provided, and proper evaluation standards should be established. In-depth study is needed concerning the difference of responses to treatment according to the types of treatment received. A standardization of treatment should be reached as a result.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.67-77
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• 2011

Objectives : The survey was conducted to find out ear acupuncture usage of clinical traditional Korean medicine doctor and lay a foundation for the standards for its clinical application. Methods : An e-mail was sent to Korean medicine doctors whose email addresses are registered at the Association of Korea Oriental Medicine twice over two weeks. 280 completed questionnaires were used for the analysis. Results : 66.07% of respondents answered in use, whereas the answer that "less than 10 per 100 patient applied" was more than majority of 54.29%. The major field of treatment is addictive disorders such as smoking and the 80.11% patients got less than 3 days of treatment. Ear region was the most commonly treated area with 66.67%. Since the self removal frequency was high as 65.05% in compared to the case of visiting clinic. The rate of side effects was less than 10% (96.70%), and these side effects showed light symptoms such as "pain" (46.95%), itchiness (29.27%), flare (19.51%). The Acquired complements for improving ear acupuncture treatment was "the development of effective treatment manual" (28.57%) and "increasing insurance costs" (27.86%). Conclusions : Based on the survey, the vast majority of the TKM doctor used ear acupuncture but the frequency of use was low. We hope this study can be the basis for development of treatment manuals for various indications and safe treatment guidelines.

• Journal of Korean Medicine Rehabilitation
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.11-20
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• 2018

Objectives To systematically explore the effects of acupuncture treatment for rotator cuff disorders and review the clinical trials. Methods We searched 9 electronic databases (PubMed, Cochrane central, Embase, China National Knowledge Infrastructure [CNKI], Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information [KISTI], National Digital Science Library [NDSL], Korean studies Information Service System [KISS], Research Information Sharing Service [RISS], Oriental Medicine Advanced Searching Integrated System [OASIS]) to find randomized controlled trials that used acupunture treatment for rotator cuff disorders. We assessed the designs of the randomized controlled trials and the method of acupuncture treatment according to the Standards for Reporting Interventions in Clinical Trials of Acupuncture (STRICTA). The methodological quality of randomized controlled trials were assessed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias (RoB) tool. Results Total 5 trials were reviewed. 4 out of 5 randomized clinical trials reported meaningful effects of acupuncture treatments compared to control group. However risk of bias seemed high. Conclusions Although the results suggest that acupuncture treatment has favorable effects for rotator cuff disorders, most of the studies included methodologically high risk of bias. Thus, well designed randomized clinical trials which evaluate the effects of acupuncture treatment for rotator cuff disorders should be encouraged.