• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.179-187
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• 2014

Objectives : Saam acupuncture initiated by Saamdoin is traditional and originative method, which is characterized by applying the five phases theory and mother-child reinforcement-reduction principle to the selection of acupoints and needling manipulation. Our study was aimed to summarize and assess the use of acupoint SP3(Taebaek) in Saam acupuncture treatment and to further understand Saam acupuncture in an aspect of the combination of acupoints. Methods : We searched the data based on "(Do Hae Kyo Kam) Sa-Ahm's acupuncture method" for SP3 used and acupoint combination including SP3. We performed frequency analysis, network analysis, and cluster analysis for quantitative aspect. To understand clinical implication of SP3 with another acupoint, qualitative and descriptive methods were also carried out. Results and Conclusions : In our study, SP3 was frequently used for tonification of lung, spleen, heart, and kidney meridian and sedation of kidney, heart, and lung meridian. For this, many acupoints such as LU8, LU9, KI3, HT8, KI7, LU10 and LR1 were used with SP3. The combination of SP3 and other acupoints were used to treat stroke, common cold, and pain conditions including headache, low back pain, respiratory disease as well as gastroenteric troubles including stomachache, indigestion, vomiting, and constipation. To further understand Saam acupuncture, an understanding of the five transport points based on five elements characters, pathological changes (deficiency and excess) of viscera and bowels, and concept of source point should be preceded.

• Anatomy and Cell Biology
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• v.51 no.4
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• pp.232-235
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• 2018

Portal vein provides about three-fourths of liver's blood supply. Portal vein is formed behind the neck of pancreas, at the level of the second lumbar vertebra and formed from the convergence of superior mesenteric and splenic veins. The purpose of this study is to review the normal distribution and variation, morphometry of portal vein and its branches for their implication in liver surgery and preoperative portal vein embolization. It is also helpful for radiologists while performing radiological procedures. A total of fresh 40 livers with intact splenic and superior mesenteric vein were collected from the mortuary of Forensic Department, JSS Medical College and Mysuru Medical College. The silicone gel was injected into the portal vein and different segments were identified and portal vein variants were noted. The morphometry of portal vein was measured by using digital sliding calipers. The different types of portal vein segmental variants were observed. The present study showed predominant type I in 90% cases, type II 7.5% cases, and type III 2.5% cases. Mean and standard deviation (SD) of length of right portal vein among males and females were $2.096{\pm}0.602cm$ and $1.706{\pm}0.297cm$, respectively. Mean and SD of length of left portal vein among males and females were $3.450{\pm}0.661cm$ and $3.075{\pm}0.632cm$, respectively. The difference in the Mean among the males and females with respect to length of right portal vein and left portal vein was found to be statistically significant (P=0.010). Prior knowledge of variations regarding the formation, termination and tributaries of portal vein are very helpful and important for surgeons to perform liver surgeries like liver transplantation, segmentectomy and for Interventional Radiologists.

• Korean Journal of Family Social Work
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• no.56
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• pp.105-133
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• 2017

The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between family strength and career decision-making difficulties and the mediating effect or career self-regulation. The results of the present study suggested the significance of family strength and career self-regulation in understanding career decision-making difficulties. With 172 Korean college students, there were both significant direct and indirect effects from family strength to career decision-making difficulties. Specifically, the mediation roles of career self-regulation was confirmed. Comparing the partial mediation model with full mediation model, the partial mediation model fits better with the data. These results have significant clinical implication that counseling practitioners need to address the possible influence of family strength on college student's perceived difficulties in career decision-making process and to assist students develop appropriate level of competencies of regulating one's emotion, thoughts, and behavior related to career problems.

• Korean Journal of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery
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• v.61 no.12
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• pp.658-662
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• 2018

Background and Objectives The early assessment of treatment is not done for benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) since the well-known phenomenon of fatigability after a repeated positional test can mimic successful treatment. The aim of this study is to evaluate the clinical implication of 'fatigability' after Epley maneuver and to identify the therapeutic efficacy of Epley maneuver in posterior canal BPPV (PC-BPPV). Subjects and Method This study was prospectively conducted by two dizziness clinics on 51 consecutive patients diagnosed with PC-BPPV. All patients included in the study received Epley maneuver treatment. The therapeutic results were reassessed immediately after a single trial of Epley maneuver. After 30 minutes, results were reassessed repeatedly to confirm the fatigability of diagnostic procedure immediately after treatment. If the treatment was not successful after 30 minutes, Epley maneuver was repeatedly performed until complete resolution. Results Immediately after the first maneuver, 45 of 51 (88.2%) patients had neither vertigo nor nystagmus during the positional test. All patients demonstrated complete resolution after receiving one to three Epley maneuvers on the day of diagnosis. 'Fatigability (false negative result)' was confirmed for only one case (1 of 6 patients, 16.7%), in which nystagmus was observed after 30 minutes but not identified immediately after the first Epley maneuver. Conclusion The therapeutic efficacy of Epley maneuver is very high in PC-BPPV. Considering the possibility of fatigability when reassessment is performed immediately after therapeutic maneuver, clinicians should avoid assessing the outcome immediately after treatment in patients with PC-BPPV.

• Journal of Pharmacopuncture
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.147-153
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• 2019

Objectives: Many studies have been reported the efficacy of intravenous lipid emulsion (ILE) as an antidote on acute lipophilic drug toxicity. Clozapine, highly lipophilic dibenzodiazepine neuroleptics, is an important medication in the schizophrenia therapy regimen. Acute intoxication with antipsychotics is one of the main reasons for the referral of poisoned patients to the hospital. We expected that ILE could be used for the therapy of acute clozapine intoxicated patients. Methods: We used two groups of consisting of six male rats. Both groups received a toxic dose of clozapine (40 mg/kg) intravenously, via the tail vein. After 15 minutes, they were treated with intravenous infusion of 18.6 mg/kg normal saline (NS group), or 18.6 mg/kg ILE 20% (ILE group). We evaluated blood pressure (BP) and heart rate by power lab apparatus through the tail artery, ataxia by a rat rotary circle, seizure scores and death in multiple times after starting clozapine administration. For biochemical and pathological evaluations the samples of tissue and blood were taken. Results: Our results demonstrated that ILE 20% could return hypotension-induced clozapine better than normal saline. Furthermore, ataxia and seizure have rectified more rapidly and deaths reduced. Clozapine administration causes pancreatitis and lung injury but fat emulsion did not show an optimal effect on tissue damages caused by clozapine toxicity. Conclusion: In conclusion, ILE can remove toxic signs of clozapine same as other lipophilic medicines, however, clinical uses of ILE for this intention requires more appraisement to determine the precise implication and safety.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.19 no.12
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• pp.80-89
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• 2018

This study examined the effects of ambivalence over emotional expressiveness (AEE) on psychological maladjustment and subjective well-being. Furthermore, we examined the moderating effect of collectivism on the relationships between AEE, psychological maladjustment and subjective well-being. Many Korean psychologists have suggested a moderating effect of collectivism on the relationship between ambivalence over emotional expressiveness and psychological adjustment, but there are few studies that have examined these relationships. Consequently, it is necessary to investigate these effects. Data concerning AEE, individualism, collectivism, psychological maladjustment (BSI), and subjective well-being were collected from 138 adults in South Korea. To test the moderation effects, multiple regression analyses was conducted. Results found AEE increased psychological maladjustment and decreased subjective well-being. However, the moderating effect of collectivism was not found in the relationship between AEE and psychological maladjustment, as well as AEE and subjective well-being. The difference of emotion suppression and AEE regarding cultural orientation and clinical implication of these findings were discussed.

• Journal of Veterinary Science
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.41.1-41.9
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• 2023

Competencies are defined as an observable and assessable set of knowledge, skills, and attitudes. Graduation competencies, which are more comprehensive, refer to the required abilities of students to perform on-site work immediately after graduation. As graduation competencies set the goal of education, various countries and institutions have introduced them for new veterinary graduates. The Korean Association of Veterinary Medical Colleges has recently established such competencies to standardize veterinary education and enhance quality levels thereof. The purpose of this study is to describe the process of establishing graduation competencies as well as their implication for veterinary education in Korea. Graduation competencies for veterinary education in Korea comprise 5 domains (animal health care and disease management, one health expertise, communication and collaboration, research and learning, and veterinary professionalism). These are further divided into 11 core competencies, and 33 achievement standards, which were carefully chosen from previous case analyses and nation-wide surveys. Currently, graduation competencies are used as a standard for setting clear educational purposes for both instructors and students. Establishing these competencies further initiated the development of detailed learning outcomes, and of a list of basic veterinary clinical performances and skills, which is useful for assessing knowledge and skills. The establishment of graduation competencies is expected to contribute to the continuous development of Korean veterinary education in many ways. These include curriculum standardization and licensing examination reform, which will eventually improve the competencies of new veterinary graduates.

• Information Systems Review
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.57-70
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• 2017

Researchers and industry managers highlight the emergence of mobile healthcare market given the rapid development of IT and the expansion of average life expectancy. Medical institutions, such as university hospitals, are aiming to achieve convenience and effectiveness of treatment by providing patient education through a mobile device. This study examines a case related to the development and usage of a mobile application based on Lean Canvas, namely, the Smart Explanation Service released by Samsung Medical Center. This application comprehensively analyzes the usage status of mobile application-based patient education and its application in clinical settings. This study also examines the level of satisfaction of patients and medical workers toward this application. The result of this study is expected to provide meaningful implication to medical institutions and related industries and enable them to create and offer prepare mobile healthcare services.

• Anatomy and Cell Biology
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• v.57 no.1
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• pp.13-17
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• 2024

Masseter are commonly botulinum neurotoxin targeted muscle for facial contouring in aesthetic field. However, paradoxical masseteric bulging is common adverse effect that has not been discussed with ultrasonographic observations. Retrospective study has been conducted from October, 2021 to January, 2023, out of 324 patients have done blinded botulinum neurotoxin injection in the masseter at the middle and lower portion of the masseter with each side of 25 units (letibotulinum neurotoxin type A), 3 patients demonstrated paradoxical masseteric bulging has been reported and the image observed by ultrasonography by physician. Based on the observations made, we can infer that the function of the moving muscle involves twisting of the muscle fibers during contraction, along with the twisting of the deep inferior tendon, which causes the muscle to be divided into anterior and posterior compartments rather than into superficial and deep compartments of masseter. In ultrasonographic observe the skin surface of a patient with paradoxical masseteric bulging, it is observable that either the anterior or posterior part contracts significantly. The functional units of anterior and posterior compartment are observable as muscular contraction of inward movement of the muscle from either the anterior or posterior functional unit.

• Annals of Clinical Neurophysiology
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.119-124
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• 2002

Background : Guillain-$Barr{\acute{e}}$ syndrome(GBS) is a neurologically emergent condition, leading to respiratory insufficiency without an early and appropriate treatment. Thus, the treatment of GBS requires early diagnosis but it is difficult due to the low sensitivity of laboratory tools in the initial stage. Hoffman reflex (H-reflex) and its facilitation by Jendrassik maneuver (JM) are sensitive tools evaluating the central circuit of motor system on the spinal cord level. The aim of this study is to test whether the change of H-reflex and F-wave under the JM is able to detect the early stage of GBS and whether GBS involves the central nervous system (CNS). Material and Methods : All 7 GBS patients who showed normal or nearly normal nerve conduction study were included. The facilitation of H-reflex and changes of F-wave were calculated by measuring the percent difference of H-reflex or F-wave amplitude under JM compared to basal H-reflex of F-wave amplitude. The changes of F-wave and H-reflex in the GBS patients were compared with them of 8 healthy controls. Results : The F-wave amplitudes of both healthy controls and GBS patients did not changed under the influence of JM ($102.4{\pm}24.9%$, $108.7{\pm}29.0%$ respectively). However, the facilitation of H-wave by JM in the GBS patients was absent ($98.8{\pm}5.8%$), even though the H-reflex amplitude I the healthy controls increased under the influence of JM ($124.8{\pm}12.1%$). Conclusions : The loss of H-reflex facilitation in GBS implies that this phenomenon might be the most early change detected in the electrophysiological study and support the early diagnosis, and that GBS might include lesion in the spinal motor CNS.