• 가정∙방문간호학회지
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.186-196
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• 2021

Purpose: Breast cancer is becoming increasingly prevalent among young Korean women. During pregnancy, women's concern regarding their breasts heightens. Thus, pregnancy provides a window of opportunity for breast cancer prevention and management along with antenatal care. This study developed and evaluated an integrated breast health program for pregnant women. Methods: This study employed a non-equivalent control group and non-synchronized design (22 experimental, 29 control). Women pregnant for over 28 weeks participated. The two-session integrated breast health program focused on breast management during breastfeeding and education about breast cancer prevention and early screening. Results: During the early postpartum period (within three months after the program), there were statistically significant differences in knowledge and attitude about breast cancer and breast self-examination before and after the program. There were also statistically significant differences in BSE at 6 and 12 months after the program and mammography at 12 months after the program. However, there were no statistically significant differences in clinical breast examination and breast ultrasonography at 6 and 12 months after the program. Conclusion: The integrated breast health management program was effective in increasing knowledge and improving attitudes regarding breast cancer, BSE, and early screening practices among pregnant women. Further studies should consider providing breast health programs differently for each phase of pregnancy and continuing the same after delivery.

• 한국간호교육학회지
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.268-283
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• 2022

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to identify the trends related to nursing students' experiences of violence and to propose a method to build a practice environment safe from violence in nursing students' practicums. Methods: Using three databases, data on the experiences of violence in nursing student practice recorded in domestic studies from 2011 to 2022 were collected and analyzed. Results: In this study, 23 studies were analyzed, of which 19 were quantitative, four were qualitative study. In a survey conducted on the experiences of violence among nursing students during practice, verbal and physical violence, sexual harassment, and physical threats were found, and the perpetrators of the violence were patients, guardians, nurses, doctors, and hospital staffs. It was also found that the experiences of violence in nursing students' practice were negatively related to occupational identity, depression, burnout, and stress. Conclusion: It is necessary to develop an intervention program to reduce depression and increase self-esteem in order to better establish a student's career identity and to prepare a plan to build safe practices for nursing students.

• 대한한의학회지
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• 제42권3호
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• pp.86-98
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• 2021

Objectives: This study aims to evaluate the impact of patient-physician communication curriculum on students of Korean medical school in terms of cognitive, affective, and psychomotor level of communication skills. Methods: A communication curriculum was developed considering COVID-19 pandemic situation. Lectures, peer role-play, open interview with standardized patient (SP), discussion and feedback were conducted by online, and face-to-face 1:1 SP-interview was performed. Scores of written test, peer role-play of medical communication, SP-interview, self-evaluation on one's interview with real patients in clinical clerkship, and questionnaire of importance were collected and analyzed. Results: Converted to 100 point scale, the mean score of written test (cognitive level) was 91.2 while that of importance questionnaire (affective level) was 77.5. The mean scores of psychomotor level were 72.5, 77.5, and 62.5 for peer role-play, SP-interview, and real patient interview in clerkship, respectively. Conclusions: Students' performance is lower in higher level of competence. Curriculums should provide more opportunities of practices to students, and include evaluation focusing on performance skills.

• 대한의용생체공학회:의공학회지
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• 제43권4호
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• pp.259-270
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• 2022

Artificial intelligence (AI) has been studied in various fields of medical imaging. Currently, top-notch deep learning (DL) techniques have led to high diagnostic accuracy and fast computation. However, they are rarely used in real clinical practices because of a lack of reliability concerning their results. Most DL models can achieve high performance by extracting features from large volumes of data. However, increasing model complexity and nonlinearity turn such models into black boxes that are seldom accessible, interpretable, and transparent. As a result, scientific interest in the field of explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) is gradually emerging. This study aims to review diverse XAI approaches currently exploited in medical imaging. We identify the concepts of the methods, introduce studies applying them to imaging modalities such as computational tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and endoscopy, and lastly discuss limitations and challenges faced by XAI for future studies.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제54권3호
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• pp.300-310
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• 2024

Purpose: Medical support staff nurses have traditionally performed various supportive tasks for physicians, often extending beyond standard nursing roles. Despite these long-standing practices, there is a notable lack of official recognition and legal protection for these expanded responsibilities, leading to increasing legal concerns. Therefore, there is a need for proposing a rational solution to address these issues. Methods: The number of medical support staff nurses is rising, particularly as they fill gaps left by the 2024 resident physician strike. The study focuses on identifying potential challenges arising from this shift and developing strategic improvements to address these challenges effectively. Results: This study proposed legally expanding the scope of nursing duties and creating a robust system for training and certifying nurses to handle these responsibilities effectively, by integrating these roles within the advanced practice nurse (APN) framework. Conclusion: Integrating these roles within the framework of APN can offer a sustainable and legally sound solution to the ongoing healthcare crisis, ensuring patient safety and safeguarding healthcare workers' legal rights.

• 대한치과보철학회지
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• 제52권4호
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• pp.287-297
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• 2014

목적: 본 연구는 감염관리교육 유무에 따른 치과위생사의 B형 간염에 대한 인식 및 감염방지행위 실천에 미치는 영향을 조사하여, 그 결과를 토대로 감염관리교육 및 감염방지행위 실천을 강화하고자 한다. 재료 및 방법: 연구대상자는 서울지역의 치과대학병원, 종합병원 치과진료부, 치과병원 및 치과의원에 근무하고 있는 치과위생사들 중에서 단순 무작위 확률표본추출방법으로 선정하였다. 설문지는 B형간염에 대한 기본지식 8문항, 감염방지행위 실천 12문항, 감염관리교육 3문항, 교육 이수횟수에 관한 1문항, 일반적 특성 6문항 등 총 30문항으로 이루어 졌으며, 2013년 4월부터 5월까지 설문지140부를 분석에 사용하였다. 자료 분석은 IBM SPSS 19.0을 이용하여 Chi-square test, t-test, 사후검정을 시행하였다. 결과: 1년 동안 평균 1.53회의 감염관리교육을 받았으나 B형 간염 인식도는 교육의 유무에 관계없이 낮게 나타났고, 간염 환자 기구 처리 또한 교육의 유무에 따른 통계적으로 유의한 차이는 없었다. 그러나, 감염방지행위의 실천에 있어서는 항목에 따른 차이를 보여서, 마스크나 글러브 착용, 폐기물 처리 등 간단한 항목에서는 차이가 없는 방면, 버나 핸드피스 멸균, 수관소독 및 유니트체어 소독 등 멸균, 소독 항목에서는 통계적으로 유의한 차이를 보였다. 교육을 받지 못하거나, 교육을 받고도 실천을 못하는 가장 큰 이유는 환자가 많아서 바쁘고 기회가 없는 것으로 나타났다. 결론: 1. 병원의 규모가 크고, 1일 평균 환자 수가 많은 의료기관일수록, 최종학력이 높은 위생사 일수록 감염관리교육이 잘 이루어지고 있었다. 2'. B형 간염이 우리나라 만성간질환 중 가장 흔한 질환이다'라는 항목을 제외하고는, B형 간염에 대한 인식은 감염 관리 교육의 유무와 통계적으로 유의한 상관관계가 없는 것으로 나타났다. 3. 감염관리교육을 받은 치과위생사가 그렇지 않은 치과위생사보다 감염방지행위를 잘 실천하고 있는 것으로 나타났다.

• 지역사회간호학회지
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.21-36
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• 2000

The purpose of this study was to assess the needs of breast self examination education (BSEE) programs for developing nursing centers. A first, we reviewed the literature of activity and management-related factors of nursing centers: and, second. we used a questionnaire to discover the degree of knowledge, attitude, and practice on breast cancer, as well as an individual's intention to participate BSEE program. 1. Reviewing the literatures of nursing center activities. Nursing centers which were administered by a professional nurse are an ideal site for faculty and student practices. With the use of nursing models of health. professional nurses in nursing centers diagnose and treat human responses to potential and actual health problems and offer holistic, client-centered health service. In nursing centers professional nursing services include health education, health promotion, and health-related research. A nursing center is comprised of the advisory and exacutive commitee; the advisory commitee serves consultants and links community needs to the nursing center, while the director of the exacutive commitee identifies the potential resources to generate funds, support, and facilitate the activities of staffs in a nursing center. Nursing centers mobilize various financal resources for reimbursement of services from college and insurance companies, collect minimum service fees from the client, and further collect fees for providing programs to community groups, this also includes membership fees, and donations. The services provided by nursing centers focus on services related to primary prevention, health maintenance & health promotion, direct nursing care for acute & chronic diseases, and holistic care for actual and potential health problems. The client satisfaction for the services was high. Students also showed positive reponses for their clinical experiences and independent working conditions. 2. The degree of knowledge, attitudes, and practices for breast cancer. and an individual's intention to participate in the BSEE program. The subjects of this study were 308 females in K-city in the Republic of Korea. Data were collected using a self-administered questionnaire. The mean age of the respondents was 35.0 years old. Those who already participated in the BSEE were 64.9%, and those who had support and encouragement to practice BSE from significant others were 25.1 %. Clients intent to participate in the BSEE were 37.0%. The mean score of knowledge(2.4 out of 5 points) and practices(1.8 out of 5 points) for breast cancer were quite low, but the mean score of attitudes was relatively positive04.5 out of 20 point) for breast cancer. Those who already had BSEE showed significantly high scores in knowledge(t=6.48, p<0.01), attitudes (t=10.54, p<0.01). and practices(t=57.07, p<0.001) for breast cancer than those who had not participated in the BSEE. In all age groups no intention to participate in the BSEE was higher than who the intention to participate. These findings suggest some strategies should be developed to increase the awareness of breast cancer's early detection.

• 대한치과의료관리학회지
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.22-30
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• 2017

연구목적: 본 연구는 치위생(학)과 학생들의 현장임상실습 만족도에 영향을 미치는 요인을 파악하여 학생들의 현장임상실습 만족도 증진을 위한 기초자료로 제공하고자 실시하였다. 연구방법: 본 연구의 연구대상으로는 본 연구의 목적과 내용 및 취지를 밝히고 설문내용을 설명한 후 연구 참여에 동의한 치위생(학)과 학생 중 임상실습을 경험한 3학년, 4학년 학생 108명을 대상으로 2016년 4월 1일부터 2016년 4월 7일까지 실시하였다. 연구 방법으로는 일반적인 특성 5문항, 실습병원의 특성 4문항, 전공만족도는 7문항, 병원특성 및 전공만족도는 12문항 총 26문항으로 구성하였으며 5점 리커트 척도를 사용하였다. 연구결과: 본 연구는 치위생(학)과 학생들의 전공만족도와 현장임상실습 만족도의 관련성을 파악하고 학생들의 전공만족도를 높이기 위한 교육방법을 계획함에 있어 기초자료를 제공하고자 실시하여 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 1. 연구대상자의 일반적인 특성과 현장임상실습 만족 여부는 학과 내 교수님들과의 소통 정도가 높을수록, 선후배 간의 소통 정도가 높을수록, 그리고 학교에 대한 적응 정도가 높을수록 현장임상실습만족도가 높게 나타났다(p<0.05). 2. 실습병원 특성과 현장임상실습 만족도는 현장 임상실습의 주 당 실습시간이 적절했다고 대답할수록, 실습생들과 직원들과의 친밀도가 높을수록, 그리고 현장임상실습의 총 실습 시간에 대한 만족도가 높을수록 현장임상실습 만족도가 높게 나타났다(p<0.05). 3. 전공과목에 대한 관심이 높을수록, 학과 실습실에 대한 만족도가 높을수록, 그리고 교과목 편성에 대한 만족도가 높을수록 현장임상실습에 대한 만족도가 높게 나타났다(p<0.01). 결론: 치위생(학)과에서의 교육을 통해 학생들의 전공지식 습득의 효율성을 높이고 다양한 현장임상실습 환경에 적용할 수 있도록 하여 전공만족도와 현장임상실습 만족도를 모두 높일 수 있는 체계적인 전공교과목 편성과 교육방법에 대한 방안을 모색하여야 한다.

• 한국보건간호학회지
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.26-44
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• 1999

The study was done to improve the job training course for Community Health Practioners (CHPs) by evaluating the level of help that the training provided to the CHPs in carrying out their work and to analyze the management activities of the CHPs in order to develop a more effective CHP training program. The methodologies used in the study were a questionnaire survey. The survey results were analyzed using SPSS Windows. The study results are as follows. 1. The total average level of help from the job training(Theory. Practice and Field Practice) for carrying out the CHP work was found to be $3.04\pm.53$ (of a possible 4), which indicates a high level of help. The average for clinical practices was $3.16\pm.60$. for theory. $3.11\pm.40$ and for field practice. $2.84\pm.60$. 2. For the theory content of the job training courses. the help level was low in the area of mother and child health management/family planning with an average of $2.65\pm.62$ and in the area of health information system development with an average of $2.62\pm.83$. The reason for these deficiencies were. in order of frequency. few opportunities to apply learning. training content that was inadequate. training methodologies which were incongruent with content. improper training items and insufficient class hours. For the practice. the clinical work in rehabilitation/orthopedics departments and in ENT/Opthalmology departments had averages of $2.96\pm.86$ and $2.97\pm.80$ respectively. This low level resulted from the lack of direct experience. lack of sincerity during the practice time. lack of practice guidance. insufficient time and lack of practice equipment. in that order. For the field practice. the delivery management averaged $2.06\pm.90$ as the lowest help level. In this case 68% of respondents replied that there were no relevant reasons for this deficiency. 21% responsed that there was a lack of direct experience, 7%, a lack of practice guidance and 4.8%, insufficient time. 3. There were significant differences for several demographic variables when comparing the help level of the clinical courses (practice and Field Practice). A higher help level was reported by older nurses as compared to younger ones, experienced nurses as compared to scholarship nurses, and married over single. Also for nurses who had finished more other programs and were qualified or licensed in several areas the level was high. Although it was not statistically significant the level was higher if the work area was in a rural county, not a city, and if one had more recently completed the job training(P<,05). 4. Of the respondents 58.6% replies stated the period of job training for the CHP was adequate, but 51.7% reported that the period for theory courses was too short while an other 48.3% responded that it was sufficient. For practice locations, 50% responsed that it was good to practice in medical institutions(primary, secondary and tertiary) at the same time. While 48.3% agreed that doing theory and practice simultaneously was good, and 56.9% agreed that field practice should be done after completing theory and practice training. Hence, the development of new field practice guidelines suitable for changing environments of health management are required in place of the existing ones which were considered low in help level to the practical work of the CHPs.

• 대한한의학원전학회지
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.221-239
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• 2009

Background: The recent outbreak of the novel strain of influenza A (H1N1) virus has raised a global concern of the future risk of pandemic. Traditional Korean Medicine(TKM) has been combatting against contagious diseases and developed its own particular and efficient way in treating those diseases. Objectives: Provide a distinctive and effective TKM method in understanding the principles of treatment, prevention, and contraindications against influenza A through case histories. Method: We revised case histories of eminent doctors of Ming and Qing dynasties according to their clinical manifestations similar to those of influenza A. We also verified prescriptions of the "Dong-uibogam(東醫寶鑑)" through examining clinical practices of China today. Results: 1. The subtypes of Warm disease; Wind Warmth and Pestilence has the most similar clinical manifestation in comparison to Influenza A. Specifying these terms is important in recognizing and classifying various diseases under the name of Warm disease. 2. TKM considered not only external factors but also individual factors like general condition, diet, emotion, constitutional types, etc in the treatment of febrile diseases. 3. TKM developed a new way in the treatment of contagious diseases. considering the characteristics of each pathogen. TKM described the Warm pathogen being light as a feather, which enters through the nose, principally affecting the Lung. Therefore, they emphasized treatment with Pungent Sweet Cooling Moistening[辛甘凉潤] method. 4. As the conservation of fluid and humor is the primordial concern in the treatment of Warm disease, they restricted release of the exterior with pungent-warm and purgation method. The purgation methods was used exclusively to decrease fever and preserve fluid and humor. 5. The only differentiating characteristics of Influenza A with seasonal influenza are vomiting and diarrhea. Case research revealed the possibility of these manifestations to be a mechanism of restoration. 6. TKM provides alimento prevention method like Mint Pear Porridge, mung bean, and etc also combination of herbal medicine. Also emphasized in the conservation of essence for the prevention of contagious diseases. Conclusions: TKM developed its unique way in understanding the pathogenesis, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of contagious diseases and formed its independent scheme of Warm Disease. This knowledge in febrile contagious disease is relevant today in providing diverse treatment and prevention for influenza A.