• Journal of Oriental Neuropsychiatry
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.17-29
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• 2012

Objectives : The study was designed to evaluate the effects of scalp acupuncture treatment on patients with insomnia in China. Methods : A journal search was performed using China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI) from 1994 to 2011. Key words used within the search were 'insomnia' and 'scalp acupuncture'. Results : 19 studies were selected. 9 RCTs and 2 case control studies showed that scalp acupuncture therapy reported better results than routine acupuncture, western medicine, and herbal medicine therapy. 8 case reports described a significant improvement in patients with insomnia by scalp acupuncture. Conclusions : There have been many studies regarding scalp acupuncture on patients with insomnia in China and these studies can be applied to clinical practices within Korea.

• Women's Health Nursing
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.316-325
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• 2006

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to develop a Critical Pathway for Uterine Artery Embolization patients. Method: There were 6 steps that were taken. Step 1 was selecting a diagnosis, and Step 2 was organizing a development team consisting of 7 experts. Step 3 analyzed the medical records, and Step 4 drew up a preliminary Critical Pathway. Step 5 tested the clinical validity of the preliminary Critical Pathway, and Step 6 developed the final Critical Pathway. Result: The contents of the medical practices observed in the medical records were investigated in seven areas: monitoring/assessment, treatment, medication, diet, activity, consults, and education/discharge plan; and a total of 73 items was identified. The validity of the 73 items was examined by a group of specialists. 68 items were adopted, 4 items revised, 1 item removed, and 1 item was added. Using the results, a preliminary Critical Pathway was drawn up. According to the results from examining the clinical validity of the preliminary Critical Pathway with five patients for five weeks, 3 items which showed discrepancy were revised and another 3 items were added. Then, the final Critical Pathway was completed. Conclusion: This Critical Pathway needs to be clinically applied and continuously to measure its effects in terms of the length of stay, cost.effectiveness, and the patients' and staffs' satisfaction.

• Journal of Oriental Neuropsychiatry
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.35-44
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• 2007

Objective : The purpose of this study is to take around the oriental medical treatment about Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder in China. Method : We reviewed the 22 studies about ADHD which were published from 2005 to 2006. We selected those studies from CNKI (中國知識基礎設施工程 http://www.cnki.net). Result : We could find 22 studies about ADHD in CNKI from 2005 to 2006. DSM (III-R of IV) was used frequently in the diagnosis of ADHD. Herbal medicines, acupuncture, auricular therapy, moxibustion, chuna treatment, cupping therapy were used in the tre atments of ADHD. Differentiation of syndromes-Eum deficiency, heart and spleen deficiency, Damwha- was important in the diagnosis and treatments of ADHD in TCM. Jang and Bu(the internal organs; 臟腑) concerned in differentiation of syndromes about ADHD were Liver 肝, Kidney 賢, Heart 心, Spleen 脾. Most of studies reported very good results compared with western medicine treatment- Ritalin medication. Conclusion :There have been reported many ADHD clinical studies in China and these studies can be applied to the clinical practices in Korea.

• Journal of Korean Dental Science
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.26-33
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• 2010

We searched at the "PubMed.gov" and "jendodon.com" sites to conduct a literature review on dental instruments that are reused in clinical settings and on infection control involving pre-disinfection or sterilization cleaning/rinsing. The keyword "dental clean" was used for the Web search. We found the present official definition of instrument cleaning performed prior to disinfection or sterilization rather limiting ("removal of foreign matter (soil, organism, etc.) from the instruments"). Thus, we proposed to expand the definition to include the removal of oils applied to protect the metallic instruments and from corrosion, stains, and rust resulting from the frequent reuse of the instruments. Clinicians are found to clean their dental instruments (a) immediately after treating their patients or (b) following their treatment but not immediately afterward. In the latter case, we recommend presoaking to be added. Ultrasonic sterilization of 5~15 minutes is found to be more effective in terms of eliminating residual matter from the instruments compared to other methods. To check on the cleaning results, we recommend visual inspection, which can be quick and practical in clinical settings. The latest products being developed and marketed on the market address the related problems. Nonetheless, research must be continued on the effects of presoak, cleaning/rinsing, disinfection, and high-temperature or heating-based sterilization on the dental instruments and on dental clinicians' practices in cleaning, disinfection, and sterilization. We advise dental clinicians to select the proper cleaning methods and detergents for their instruments to help eliminate or prevent corrosion, staining, and rusting, to reduce the maintenance costs, and to ensure user-friendly instruments/apparatuses.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Pharmacy
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.80-89
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• 2014

The study objectives were to investigate the attitude of Ajou University pharmacy students toward pharmaceutical care and to identify their perceived barriers to its provision. Secondarily, their career choices and influential factors for career decision were assessed. Method: A cross-sectional survey of Ajou University pharmacy students in all professional years was conducted in May 2014. Results: Over 2 weeks, a total of 123 students participated in the study (100% response rate). All respondents agreed that pharmaceutical care is the right direction for the provision to be headed and that pharmaceutical care will improve patient health. However, professional year was inversely associated with the degree of positive attitude toward pharmaceutical care. Highly perceived barriers to pharmaceutical care included poor image of pharmacist's role in society (67%) and lack of access to the patient medical record in the pharmacy (65%). Work environment, benefits, and salary were top three influential factors for career plans, and $6^{th}$ year students considered salary most important. Patient-oriented practices (hospital and community pharmacy) were the most preferred career choices among $6^{th}$ year students. Conclusion: Pharmacy clerkships appeared to have a positive influence on career choices of those students. Efforts should be exerted to improve pharmacy clerkships and to promote pharmaceutical care.

• KSBB Journal
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• v.25 no.6
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• pp.497-506
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• 2010

Vaccine is a protective clinical measure capable of persuading immune system against infectious agents. Vaccine can be categorized as live attenuated and inactivated. Live attenuated vaccines activate immunity similar to natural infection by replicating living organisms whereas inactivated vaccines are either whole cell vaccines, eliciting immune response by killed organisms,or subunit vaccines, stimulating immunity by non-replicating sub cellular parts. The components of vaccine play a critical role in deciding the immune response mediated by the vaccine. The innate immune responds against the antigen component. Adjuvants represent an importantcomponent of vaccine for enhancing the immunogenicity of the antigens. Subunit vaccines with isolated fractions of killed and recombinant antigens are mostly co-administered with adjuvants. The delivery system of the vaccine is another essential component to ensurethat vaccine is delivered to the right target with right dosage form. Furthermore, vaccine delivery system ensures that the desired immune response is achieved by manipulating the optimal interaction of vaccine and adjuvantwith the immune cell. The aforementioned components along with routes of administration of vaccine are the key elements of a successful vaccination procedure. Vaccines can be administered either orally or by parenteral routes. Many groups had made remarkable efforts for the development of new vaccine and delivery system. The emergence of new vaccine delivery system may lead to pursue the immunization goals with better clinical practices.

• Journal of Sasang Constitutional Medicine
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.153-163
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• 2011

1. Objectives: This study intends to identify the contents of Sasang Constitutional Diet through a book by Lee Je-Ma, to review the implied contents, and to analyze the influence of this information and principles on the formation of Eight Constitutional Diet. 2. Results and Conclusions: 1) The Sasang Constitutional Diet was systematically established by Lee Je-Ma, and is composed by the principles of 'food is on different from medicine(食藥同源)', principles of 'reinforcement of one organ(一臟補强)', principles of 'should not be mixed(混用不可)' and principles of 'food abstinence'(飮食節制)'. 2) The Eight Constitutional Diet has already been studied before 1962, and "Classification Of Constitutional Regimen and Diet", which recorded harmful and good food, has been used in clinical practices since 1962. The basis that can transform Eight Constitutional Diet into Sasang Constitutional Diet can be found in the fact that the Eight Constitution is based on the Sasang constitution. However, because clinical research on the relationship between 8 constitution and Sasang constitution is still sketchy, directly transforming the current Eight Constitutional Diet into Sasang Constitutional Diet seems unreasonable.

• Journal of Korean Medicine for Obesity Research
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.131-137
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• 2020

Objectives: Korean Medicine Doctors (KMDs) have treated patients with obesity using a holistic approach with a multicomponent approach on counseling. However, there is currently no data regarding KMDs' counseling practices for weight loss. We conducted a retrospective chart review to better understand the Korean medicine counseling practice for weight loss. Methods: Twenty-one KMDs were involved in this project as practitioners. The contents of counseling were categorized based on patterns according to the counseling manual for the standardized management of obesity in Korean Medicine. Results: The counseling was conducted based on the theory of Korean medicine and the contents of counseling were different from patterns. However, the quality of the counseling were different from each KMD, and the counseling were focused on evaluating patient conditions and not on providing specific recommendations for lifestyle changes. Conclusions: Therefore, specific guidance of counseling for healthier lifestyle and dietary habits, and the training of the standardized manual training are needed.

• Genomics & Informatics
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.21.1-21.5
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• 2021

The use of social media data, like Twitter, for biomedical research has been gradually increasing over the years. With the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, researchers have turned to more non-traditional sources of clinical data to characterize the disease in near-real time, study the societal implications of interventions, as well as the sequelae that recovered COVID-19 cases present. However, manually curated social media datasets are difficult to come by due to the expensive costs of manual annotation and the efforts needed to identify the correct texts. When datasets are available, they are usually very small and their annotations don't generalize well over time or to larger sets of documents. As part of the 2021 Biomedical Linked Annotation Hackathon, we release our dataset of over 120 million automatically annotated tweets for biomedical research purposes. Incorporating best-practices, we identify tweets with potentially high clinical relevance. We evaluated our work by comparing several SpaCy-based annotation frameworks against a manually annotated gold-standard dataset. Selecting the best method to use for automatic annotation, we then annotated 120 million tweets and released them publicly for future downstream usage within the biomedical domain.

• Journal of Radiopharmaceuticals and Molecular Probes
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.113-118
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• 2022

Gadolinium neutron capture therapy (Gd-NCT) is a precision radiation therapy that kills cancer cells using the neutron capture reaction that occurs when ¹⁵⁷Gd hits thermal neutrons. ¹⁵⁷Gd has the highest thermal neutron capture cross section of 254,000 barns among stable isotopes in the periodic table. Another stable isotope, ¹⁵⁵Gd, also has a high thermal neutron trapping area (~ 60,700 barns), so gadolinium that exists in nature can be used as a Gd-NCT drug. Gd-NCT is a mixed kinetic energy of low-energy and high-energy ionizing particles, which can be uniformly distributed throughout the tumor tissue, thereby solving the disadvantage of heterogeneous dose distribution in tumor tissue. The Gd complexes of small-sized molecule are widely used as contrast agents for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in clinical practice. Therefore, these compounds can be used not only for diagnosis but also therapy when considering the concept of Gd-NCT. This multifunctional trial can look forward to new medical advance into NCT clinical practices. In this review, we introduce gadolinium compounds suitable for Gd-NCT and describe the necessity of image guided Gd-NCT.