• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
• /
• v.25 no.2
• /
• pp.65-72
• /
• 2014

Objectives : The objective of this study was to evaluate the treatment duration and adherence of osmotic-controlled release oral delivery system (OROS) methylphenidate for treatment of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Methods : A total of 843 children with ADHD were recruited : 213 children (25.3%) who had previously taken medications for ADHD and 630 drug-na$\ddot{i}$ve children (74.7%) were recruited. The dosage was adjusted according to the clinician's judgment. The primary efficacy endpoint of this study was treatment retention rate, which was estimated at Week 12 and Week 20 using the Kaplan-Meier curve. The Swanson, Nolan and Pelham-IV (SNAP-IV), Clinical Global Impression-Severity (CGI-S), Clinical Global Impression-Improvement, and the side effect rating scale were measured at every visit. Remission rates were presented based on SNAP-IV and CGI-S, respectively. Results : The treatment retention rate at 12 weeks and at 20 weeks was 76.2% and 66.8%, respectively. Divided according to 6-8, 9-11, 12-14 and 15-18 years of age, younger children tended to show a statistically higher treatment retention rate (p=.02). Based on SNAP-IV and CGI scores, children with better response to medication showed tendencies of statistically higher treatment retention rate. The most common adverse events included loss of appetite (7.1%) and insomnia (3.3%). There was no serious adverse event related to the treatment, such as death. Conclusion : The use of OROS methylphenidate for treatment of ADHD was safe and tolerable for children. In this study, lower age and better treatment response showed a statistically significant relationship with higher treatment adherence. Boys showed a trend of high treatment adherence. The treatment adherence at 20 weeks was satisfactory, however, the treatment adherence after 20 weeks showed a sharp decrease. Therefore, treatment persistence for six months after the beginning of ADHD treatment is important. In addition, the positive role of psycho-education for children and parents is necessary for increasing treatment adherence.

• Journal of Music and Human Behavior
• /
• v.10 no.2
• /
• pp.35-54
• /
• 2013

The purpose of this study was to examine how Korean music therapy students experience growth under clinical supervision. The investigator conducted in-depth qualitative interviews with 9 students from 3 different universities in Seoul who had at least three semesters of clinical supervision. Data was analyzed using a modified grounded theory approach to construct the growth experience of music therapy supervisees. Results suggest that growth can be understood in terms of both personal and professional domains and includes four types of experiences: growth hindering, fostering, mediating, and revealing. In the personal domain, hindering factors are defensiveness, narcissistic trauma, avoidance and anxiety whereas growth fostering and mediating factors include reflection on self, musical self, unconscious drives and conflicting issues as well as self-driven problem solving skills. As a result, growth in the personal domain is associated with increased self-acceptance and self-awareness. Growth in the professional domain is hindered by having trust issues, performance anxiety, identity crisis, and being hypersensitive to the judgment of others. On the other hand, growth is fostered and mediated by opening the self and interacting more with others, building trusting relationships with peers and supervisors, and establishing a new relationship with music, which leads to improved attitude, increased motivation, and more efficient and effective training.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Laboratory Science
• /
• v.48 no.2
• /
• pp.54-61
• /
• 2016

Studies on assessment tools for predicting cardiovascular disease risk (CDR), along with the studies to prevent CDR have been consistently reported. The validity of the Framingham risk score (FRS), a commonly known tool, has been verified through the precedent studies. In this study, we examined the differences of FRS according to the application of categories of LDL cholesterol (LDL-C) or Total cholesterol (TC), and attempted to evaluate the agreement of 10 yr CHD risk judgment based on the above-mentioned application. Excluding those diagnosed as cardiovascular diseases, data on subjects (755 men and 775 women) from the 2011 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey were used. We found differences of FRS and 10 yr CHD risk depending on the application of categories of LDL cholesterol (LDL-C) or Total cholesterol (TC). FRS of TC points were higher than those of LDL-C in both men and women. In classification of low risk (<10%), intermediate risk (10~19%), and high risk (${\geq}20%$), there were disagreements for 106 men and 26 women. Women showed almost perfect agreement from Coefficient of Cohen's Kappa (0.718 in men, and 0.884 in women). In assessment of 10 yr CHD risk, R-squared value from regression including TC was higher than that of LDC-C in both men and women (0.972 vs 0.885). From this result, we can draw a conclusion that correlation coefficients of FRS and CHD risk including TC were higher than those of LDC-C, and women showed a greater degree of agreement than men.

• Journal of Sasang Constitutional Medicine
• /
• v.11 no.2
• /
• pp.151-183
• /
• 1999

The object of this study was 200 patients who had been treated in the Oriental Medical Hospital at Dong Eui Medical Center during 9 months from Jan. 1999 to sept. 1999. We proceeded the judgment of Sasang Constitution according to 'Questionnaire of Sasang Constitution Classification (I)', and 'Questionnaire of Sasang Constitution Classification II(QSCCII)' and the diagnosis by a medical specialist. The following conclusion were made in comparison with Sasang Constitution and Questionnaire. 1. We selected the 84 subjects what had the statistical value out of the 196 subjects('Questionnaire of Sasang Constitution Classification (I)' had the 71 subjects and 'Questionnaire of Sasang Constitution Classification II(QSCCII)', had the 121 subjects). And we selected again the 73 subjects('Questionnaire of Sasang Constitution Classification (I)', had the 33 subjects and 'Questionnaire of Sasang Constitution Classification II (QSCC II)' had the 40 subjects) out of the 84 subjects, because it had a repeated subjects. 2. We made the Questionnaire what has the 85 subjects, including the subjects what was approved its statistical value by 'A CLINICAL STUDY OF THE JUDGMENT OF SASANG CONSTITUTION ACCORDING TO QUESTIONNAIRE' and 'A CLINICAL STUDY OF THE TYPE OF DISEASE AND SYMPTOM ACCORDING TO SASANG CONSTITUTION CLASSIFICATION'. The subject what ask the physique and the body form was 7, the subject what ask the external appearance and the posture was 7, the subject what ask the habit and the character was 3, the subject what ask the physiology and the pathology was 3, the subject what ask the phenomenon that he has frequency was 4, the subject what ask the eating was 3, the subject what ask the symptom that he has frequency was 14, the subject what ask the work and the qualities-defects was 6, the subject what ask the friendly intercourse was 7, the subject what ask the usual mind was 5, the subject what ask the emotional inclination was I, the subject what ask the behavioral inclination was 10, the subject what ask the character was 15. 3. In the new Questionnaire, the subject what has relevance to Soyang was 84, the subject what has relevance to Soeum was 87, the subject what has relevance to Taeeum was 70. And we made the point of subject with the statistical ratio. The total point of Soyang was 7785.04, the total point of Soeum was 7742.80, the total point of Taeeum was 7746.60. 4. As a result of judgment of Sasang Constitution between the clinical diagnosis by a medical specialist and the new Questionnaire, the diagnostic accuracy of new Questionnaire was 73.33%. The diagnostic accuracy of Soyang was low, the others was high. And the Taeyang was excepted.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
• /
• v.17 no.1
• /
• pp.27-41
• /
• 2000

The meridian system is the most essential and basic connecting structure that maintains the vital activities of viscera and bowels by connecting them with each part of body's surface. Doctors can understand the healthy condition, and the region and deficiency-excessiveness of disease by observing the condition of Qi flowing. Deficiency and excessiveness could be differentiated by various symptoms expressed in meridian system. Especially there could be several clues like pain, heat-cold, protuberance-depression, change of color and shine in the line of channel leads to the judgment of deficiency-excessiveness The diagnosis of deficiency and excessiveness can be generalized by quantification of elastic status in skin surface along the meridian system. By comparing data from measurement of elastic condition with those from traditional deficiency and excessiveness, it could be utilized for the development of oriental medicine. All biological activities in the human body are based on meridian system according to the oriental medicine. Also the meridian system is viewed as basic and essential structure connecting internal viscera and each part of body. The areas of expressed channel phenomena are muscle to bone, muscle to muscle and bone to bone. These areas are called depression where meridian system is present and any changing state on those points can be measured. It could be difficult in diagnosing the reaction of meridian system because doctor can depend on his own judgment. Therefore, it is necessary to quantify and indexate channel reactions. To quantify the channel reactions, specially manufactured instrument was used to quantify the protuberance and depression to differentiate the deficiency and excessiveness. The results follow as below; 1. The elastic index measurement by the equipment proved a pattern of agreement showing the values that ranged within standard deviation 0.05kgf/cm throughout the experiment except few cases' measurement in CV-17. 2. To evaluate the state of deficiency & excessiveness of elastic index measurements in frontal point, elastic index measurements in the front paint were compared to the elastic index measured surrounding the point within 2.5 cm. Such result of indexing procedure was closely matched to the concept of palpitation. 3. If the elastic index values in the surrounding front point closely located to the elastic index values in the front point, the judgement on the state of deficiency and excessiveness was delayed. Otherwise, it was judged as deficiency or excessiveness. 4. Out of total 12 cases of comparing the elastic index values to the elastic index values in the surrounding front point, Three to nine front points were judged as either in the state of deficiency or excessiveness. 5. Among the nine front points judged as either in the state of deficiency or excessiveness, Four cases were matched to the electric index measured by EAV that evaluating the internal organs by five different phases. If more clinical cases are accumulated, it is expected to systematically theorize and improve the concept of deficiency and excessiveness in the internal organs using the front point.

• Journal of Sasang Constitutional Medicine
• /
• v.10 no.1
• /
• pp.215-233
• /
• 1998

The object of this study is 27 patients who had been treated in the Oriental Medical Hospital at Dong Eui Medical Center during 6 months from January 1998 to June 1998. We proceeded the judgment of Sasang Constitution by Questionaire of Sasang Constitution Classification II(QSCC II). The following conclusion were made in comparison with Questionaire of Sasang Constitution Classification II(QSCC II) and Questionaire of Pusan Sasang seminar. 1. The subject of "the facial type is small and sharp" is significant differences in Sasang Constitution classification. The frequency of Soeumin group is more than Taeumin group and Soyangin group. 2. The subject of "the walking form is fast and shake the body" is significant differences in Sasang Constitution classification. The frequency of Taeumin group and Soeumin group is less than Soyangin group. 3. The subject of "the skin type is white and thin" is significant differences in Sasang Constitution classification. The frequency of Soeumin group is more than Soyangin group, and the frequency of Taeumin group is low marks. 4. The subject of "the skin type is tender and dry" is significant differences in Sasang Constitution classification. The frequency of Taeumin group and Soyangin group is less than Soeumin group. 5. The subject of "the image of face is smart" is significant differences in Sasang Constitution classification. The frequency of Soeumin group is more than Taeumin group and the frequency of Soyangin group is low marks. 6. The subject of "the sweating type is not sweatier" is significant differences in Sasang Constitution classification. The frequency of Taeumin group and Soeumin group is less than Soyangin group. 7. The subject of "the desire of eating is changeable accoding to emotion" is significant differences in Sasang Constitution classification. The frequency of Soeumin group is more than Taeumin group and Soyangin group. 8. The subject of "the health is changeable accoding to the type of stool" is significant differences in Sasang Constitution classification. The frequency of Soeumin group is more than Soyangin group and the frequency of Taeumin group is low marks. 9. The subject of "the type of voiding is changeable accoding to the drinking when they have a fever" is significant differences in Sasang Constitution classification. The frequency of Taeumin group and Soyangin group is less than Soeumin group. 10. The subject of "the skin type is soft" is significant differences in Sasang Constitution classification. The frequency of Soeumin group is more than Taeumin group and Soyangin group. 11. The subject of "the chief complaint is the forgetfulness" is significant differences in Sasang Constitution classification. The frequency of Soeumin group is less than Taeumin group and Soyangin group.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
• /
• v.8 no.5
• /
• pp.241-248
• /
• 2014

The purpose of this study were to analyze the clinical correlation between the thyroid autoimmune antibodies (anti-TPO Ab, anti-TG Ab, and TSH) and the maximum standardized uptake value ($SUV_{max}$) base on the Hashimoto's thyroiditis and the Graves' disease in diffusely $^{18}F-FDG$ uptake of the thyroid gland to the PET/CT image. To achieve this, we was performed the PET/CT examination for the 1,097 subjects from May 2010 to April 2013 in the health screening, and was detected the diffused FDG thyroid uptake, and was additionally performed the thyroid function test (TFT) and the ultrasound (US). As a results, the autoimmune thyroid disease with the diffused FDG thyroid uptake were discovered 39 patients (3.9%), of this, the Hashimoto's thyroiditis was 43.6% and the Graves' disease was 23.1%. Hashimoto's thyroiditis was shown the positive reaction of high titer between the anti-TPO Ab and the anti-TG Ab level, and the correlation coefficient between the $SUV_{max}$ and the anti-TPO Ab was a statistically significant (r>04, p<0.05). Also, Graves' disease was shown the positive reaction of high titer most of the thyroid autoimmune antibodies, and the correlation coefficient between the $SUV_{max}$ and the anti-TPO Ab was a statistically significant (r>05, p<0.01). Therefor, when have a high standard of the $SUV_{max}$ due to the diffusely $^{18}F-FDG$ uptake of the thyroid gland, Hashimoto's thyroiditis and Graves' disease were proportionally increased the anti-TPO Ab and TSH level, respectively. The correlation coefficient between the $SUV_{max}$ and the thyroid autoimmune antibodies will be the most influential criterion that was a standard of judgment for the epihpenomenon of the autoimmune thyroid disease, and it will be available for the clinical application.

• The Journal of the Korea institute of electronic communication sciences
• /
• v.13 no.3
• /
• pp.661-668
• /
• 2018

Biomedical signals using skin resistance have different characteristics according to stress diseases. Biological diagnostic devices for diagnosing stress diseases have been developed by using these characteristics, and devices have been developed so that the signals measured by the skin storage meter can be easily analyzed. Experts in the field will look directly at the output signal to determine the likelihood of any stress disorder. However, it is very difficult for a person to accurately determine whether a person to be measured has a stress disorder by analyzing a bio-signal measured by each person to be measured, and the result of the judgment is very likely to be wrong. In order to solve these problems, we implemented the function of determining the signal of a stress disorder by using the machine learning technique. SVM was used as a classification method in consideration of low computing ability of measurement equipment. Training data and test data were randomly generated for each disease using error range 5 based on 13 diseases. Simulation results showed more than 90% decision accuracy. In the future, if the measurement equipment is actually applied to the patients, we can retrain the classifier with the newly generated data.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
• /
• v.15 no.9
• /
• pp.411-417
• /
• 2015

To distinguish between HCC and HH is one of the important test methods in determining the treatment method by determining the treatment method by distinguishing malignant growth and benign tumors in liver CT scan. Currently, the specialist is reading CT images by their subjective judgment. So, the purpose of this study is to treat reading the CT images even more objective way. The test times after injection contrast medium in this study are the before injection phase(Pre.), artery phase(35sec), portal phase(70sec) and delay phase(180sec). The general pattern change of HCC in change of contrast enhancement pattern shows 26.6% matching. And the case of HH shows 16.6% matching. In order to observe the change of HU value between HCC and HH, each average values and standard deviation was confirm and as a result, it shows the lagre difference between artery and portal phase in lesion.(HCC$19.76{\pm}23.52$, HH$60.23{\pm}29.43$). And it shows the 76.6% matching in HCC and 80.0% matching in HH. Thorough this study, to suggest a HU value as objective analysis method and if the anlaysis method was used in clinical will assist in the diagnosis.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
• /
• v.16 no.11
• /
• pp.7635-7647
• /
• 2015

The purpose of this study is modeling nursing competencies and reasoning out the core competencies, the ability for 20% of important actions for nursing jobs which can manage the rest 80% so that the competency-based nursing curriculum can be developed. A literature review of the vast studies regarding competencies was done to understand the concepts of competency-based curriculum, competency, and nursing competencies, identifying the relationships among each nursing competency categorized in accordance with those concepts. An exemplified concept map of core competencies for the competency-based nursing curriculum is suggested based on a thorough review of various competency modeling methodologies. The core competencies consist of base competency (theoretical/practical nursing knowledge and skills), practical competency (clinical judgment, patient education, communication, etc.), and personality competency (leadership, sense of responsibility, cooperation, etc.). The circular relationship among them can remain consistent through self-directed learning and critical thinking. Therefore, a nurse who have those core competencies is a knowledge worker, a self-directed learner, and also an effective, professional communicator. Further studies which solidify the concept of nursing competencies should be done, as well as the feedback procedures which evaluate the program outcomes and then reflect the evaluation results in the curriculum should be followed continuously.