• Toxicological Research
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.163-172
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• 2000

Recently, there is a worldwide concern that a great number of man-made chemicals have a hormone-like action both in humans and in animals. DECD is developing screening programs using validated test systems to determine whether certain substances may have an effect in humans. In the present study. the establishment oj repeated-dose toxicity test method was tried. Flutamide. an anti-androgenic agent. was administered by gavage to Sprague-Dawley rats for 28 days at dose levels of 0. 0.5. 3 and 18 mg/kg body weight (10-15 rats/sex/group) to examine the effects on general findings. especially reproductive and endocrine parameters. Clinical signs. body weights, food consumption, and sexual cycle were checked and measured. For the gross and microscopic examinations. 10 rats/sex/group were sacrificed at the end of dosing period and the remaining animals of control and high dose groups (5 each) were sacrificed after 14 days recovery. Examinations for hematology and clinical chemistry were carried out at necropsy. There were no treatment-related changes in clinical signs. body weights, food consumption. gross necropsy. hematology and clinical chemistry at all doses of both sexes. The period and regularity of sexual cycle were not adversely affected at all doses by the test agent. At 18 mg/kg. both decreased weights of prostate, seminal vesicle and epididymis in males and increased weights of spleen and thymus in females were observed. In addition, decreased number of spermatids and sperms. increased serum testosterone concentration and increased incidence (100%) of interstitial cell hyperplasia were seen in males. At 18 mg/kg of the recovery group. decreased prostate weight. reduced sperm count and increased incidence (20%) of interstitial cell hyperplasia in males and increased thymus weight in females were observed. At 3 mg/kg. reduced sperm count was found. There were no adverse effects on parameters examined at 0.5 mg/kg of both sexes. The results suggested that the potential target organs of flutamide may be accessory sexual glands including testes for males and spleen and thymus for females. Taken together. this test method was found to be a useful screening test system for endocrine disrupting chemicals.

• BMB Reports
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.26-32
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• 1997

Of all HLA class I molecules, HLA-C gene products are most poorly understood because they express at a low level on the cell surface compared to HLA-A and -B. In order to identify serologically detectable and undetectable HLA-C antigens, we have established a DNA-based tissue typing method for the HLA-C locus by PCR-SSP (polymerase chain reaction-sequence specific primers). Genomic DNA prepared from Iymphoblastoid 21 B-cell lines and 120 Korean individuals by proteinase K digestion and pheno/chloroform extractions have been typed by PCR-SSP (23 primer mixes were used). The PCR-SSP results of control cell lines were discrepant from serology in 1 case among 21 cases: Cw6 which was negative by serology but positive by PCR-SSP (cell line: MANIKA). Twenty four HLA-Cw "blank" antigens among fifty Korean individuals were completely determined by PCR-SSP DNA typing. HLA-Cw*0101 (15.3%), Cw*1401 (12.3%) and Cw*0701 (11.7%) alleles were frequently found in 120 Korean individual samples. In conclusion. the high level of discrimination for HLA-C alleles may prove useful and informative in the study of transplant survival, and identify the importance of allelic differences, not readily detectable by serology, on host and donor compatibility.

• 대한본초학회지
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.101-106
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• 2012

Objectives : To evaluate the toxicity of KOB03, polyherbal medicine for the treatment of allergic rhinitis, we performed the dose-range finding test of KOB03 by oral supplementation for 4 weeks in Sprague-Dawley rats. Methods : The water extract of KOB03 consisting of five different herbs was supplied from GLP company. KOB03 was supplemented by gavage at 0, 500, 2,500 and 5,000 mg/kg/day for 4-week consecutive days. We recorded the clinical signs of toxicity, body weight, organ weights, hematology, gross and histological changes in target organs of rats, and clinical chemistry analysis. Results : KOB03 at all doses was shown no mortality or abnormal clinical signs in rats during at the observation period. Furthermore, there was no difference in body weight and food-take consumption, organ weight, gross pathological findings, and urine analysis among the groups of rats treated with different doses of KOB03. The hematological analysis and clinical blood chemistry data were revealed no toxic effects from KOB03-supplemented rats. Conclusions : The results suggest that KOB03 is a wide margin of safety on dose-range toxicity in rats. The no observable adverse effect level (NOAEL) of the test, KOB03 in rats is no less than 5,000 mg/kg/day.

• 대한한의학방제학회지
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.55-63
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• 2012

Objectives : This study was conducted to investigate the safety of Bangpungtongsung-san in rats. Methods : The safety of this prescription on acute toxicity was evaluated by single dose toxicity study. Rats were orally administrated in a single dose of 0 and 2,000 mg/kg(limited dose) Bangpungtongsung-san. There were 7 rats in each groups. All animals were sacrificed after 14 days of treatment. After single administration, mortality, clinical signs, and body weight changes were observed for 14 days. Three parameters(autopsy finding, clinical chemistry, and hematology) were tested on the last day. Results : In this study with rats, Bangpungtongsung-san treatment did not show any acute toxicity. No mortality was noted for 14 days of treatment. There were no adverse effects on clinical signs, body weight changes, and autopsy finding at all treatment groups. The clinical chemistry parameters attesting to liver and kidney functions as well as the hematological parameters were within the normal ranges. Conclusions : It is considered that $LD_{50}$ of Bangpungtongsung-san is over 2,000 mg/kg in oral administration by rats. This finding of the safety of Bangpungtongsung-san is expected to strengthen the position of this prescription as nontoxic medicine.

• 대한화학회지
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• 제52권3호
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• pp.273-280
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• 2008

결핵은 전 세계적으로 심각한 공중보건문제로 남아있다. 최근에는 결핵의 발병률이 증가하고 있는 추세이며 이에 따른 결핵의 정확한 조기치료와 심각한 부작용, 그리고 전염을 방지하기 위해서는 신속하고 정확한 결핵의 진단이 절실하게 필요하다. 본 연구에서는 결핵유전자를 빠르게 검출하는데 있어서 등온증폭법이 가지고 있는 높은 특이성과 신속성에 대하여 평가하였다. 결핵 DNA의 순차적 10배위 정량희석 DNA를 사용하였으며 일반PCR 방법과 등온증폭법의 실험방법의 검출한계, 민감성, 특이성, 재현성을 비교하였다. 그 결과 등온 증폭법은 빠른 증폭 시간과 높은 민감성, 높은 특이성을 가지고 있었으며 병원이나 연구실, 진단 검사실 등에서 결핵유전자를 빠르고 정확하게 진단할 수 있는 유용한 방법이 될 수 있을 것이다.

• 대한핵의학회지
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.67-71
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• 1968

Mercury bromo hydroxy propane-$Hg^{203},\;Tc-^{99m}$ colloidal, $Tc-^{99m}$ per technate (from $Tc-^{99m}$ Generator) were prepared and prepared products were tested their clinical usability to give agreeable results. Labelling of HSA by $Tc^{99m}$ and coagulation of HSA to MAA were conducted on a lab. scale. The iodine containning Radiopharmaceuticals; Hippuran, Sodiumiodide (inj), RISA, MAA, Rosebengal, Triolein, Phosphorus protein and $Mercury^{203}$ neohydrine were prepared by the conventional procedure. Total 206. 4 mC of Radiopharmaceuticals were prepared and 141.910 mC of them were distributed to the major users in this country.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제66권
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• pp.179-185
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• 2023

Bauhinia rufescens, Ocimum basilicum and Salvadora persica are well known plants used in African traditional medicine, especially in Chadian traditional medicine. They are mostly used in the treatment of infectious diseases, inflammatory diseases, fever, and so on. Studies using various in vitro and in vivo bioassay techniques support the scientific rationale for most of these usages. In this review, ethnobotanical uses, chemistry of natural products, and pharmacological and clinical data for these plants are presented.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• 제29권3호
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• pp.421-430
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• 2012

Objectives : We investigated the incidence rate and type of adverse events associated with RCTs(Randomized Controlled Trials) of acupuncture and moxibustion. Methods : This study included 949 patients who received acupuncture or moxibustion or usual care from 8 RCTs. We collected data including gender and age of patients, intervention, treatment frequency and type of adverse events in clinical trials from their case report forms. Results : Among the 949 patients, 83 patients(8.7%) suffered at least one adverse event throughout the clinical trials. Types of adverse event in acupuncture & moxibustion clinical trials are common cold, skin changes, pain, dizziness, bruise, gastrointestinal diseases, changes of blood chemistry, burn. Adverse events were significantly correlated to patients' age, intervention, body mass index and treatment group. Conclusions : A Guide-line for collecting and managing adverse events of acupuncture & moxibustion clinical trials are needed.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• 제47권4호
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• pp.245-262
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• 2020

In recent years, nanotechnology has revolutionized global healthcare and has been predicted to exert a remarkable effect on clinical medicine. In this context, the clinical use of nanomaterials for cancer diagnosis, fertility preservation, and the management of infertility and other pathologies linked to pubertal development, menopause, sexually transmitted infections, and HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) has substantial promise to fill the existing lacunae in reproductive healthcare. Of late, a number of clinical trials involving the use of nanoparticles for the early detection of reproductive tract infections and cancers, targeted drug delivery, and cellular therapeutics have been conducted. However, most of these trials of nanoengineering are still at a nascent stage, and better synergy between pharmaceutics, chemistry, and cutting-edge molecular sciences is needed for effective translation of these interventions from bench to bedside. To bridge the gap between translational outcome and product development, strategic partnerships with the insight and ability to anticipate challenges, as well as an indepth understanding of the molecular pathways involved, are highly essential. Such amalgamations would overcome the regulatory gauntlet and technical hurdles, thereby facilitating the effective clinical translation of these nano-based tools and technologies. The present review comprehensively focuses on emerging applications of nanotechnology, which holds enormous promise for improved therapeutics and early diagnosis of various human reproductive tract diseases and conditions.

• 한국생물공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국생물공학회 2005년도 생물공학의 동향(XVI)
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• pp.437-437
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• 2005