• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제31권2호
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• pp.264-272
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• 2010

Objectives : This study was carried out to measure perceptions about Traditional Korean Medicine hospitals and provide data for improvement of TKM hospital management. Methods : We surveyed the general population from 1st to 17th December, 2008, and patients visiting a TKM hospital from 1st June to 9th December, 2008. Results : Result as follows. 1. The response ratio for the generally preferred medical institution was in the order of western medical clinic, pharmacy, general hospital, TKM clinic, TKM hospital. 2. The response ratio for the preferred medical institution for herbal medicine treatment was in the order of TKM clinic, herbal medicine store, TKM hospital, pharmacy. The preferred medical institution for acupuncture treatment was in the order of TKM clinic, TKM hospital, acupuncture clinic, public health center. 3. The most common response to reason for receiving traditional Korean medical care was "traditional Korean medical care is more effective than western medical care." 4. The proportion of first treatment and second treatment of patients visiting at TKM hospital was about 1:1. 5. 72.3% of patients had been to another medical institution. 6. The response ratio for the first visited medical institution for the same disease was in the order of general hospital, western medical hospital, western medical clinic, TKM clinic. 7. The response ratio for the concern about TKM treatment was in the order of expensive charge for TKM treatment, uncertainty of TKM treatment effect. Conclusions : Through this research, we can understand the perception about TKM hospital treatment of the general population and patients visiting TKM hospitals.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.69-76
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• 1994

The survival and pregnancy rates were compared between non-frozen embryos and cryopreserved embryos at either pronucleate or 2-4 cell stages using the freezing and thawing techniques being identical in both groups were compared with fresh embryos. 496 embryos were frozen with 1, 2-propanediol and sucrose and 117 2-4 cell stages embryos had been thawed and 79.6 and 66.0% of them respectively were survival. Clinical pregnancy rate was 19.2% for embryos frozen at the pronucleate stage and 19.0% for embryos frozen at the 2-4 cell stages while the pregnancy rate of non-frozen embryos was 21.3%. There were no significant difference in the survival and pregnancy rates of embryos frozen at pronucleate and 2-4 cell stages. The current cumulative pregnancy rate per retrieval in all cycles with frozen zygotes is 35.4 %, consid~ erably higher than observed in single transfers of embryos without cryopreservation(21.3%); predicted pregnancy rate after transfer of all frozen embryos is 43.3 %. It is concluded that firstly, the survival and pregnancy rate of cryopreserved embryos at pronucleate or 2-4 cell stages are very similar to those from their fresh embryos and non-frozen embryos and secondly, cryopreservation substantially enhances pregnancy attainment from in vitro fertilization.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.1411-1414
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• 2014

Background: Hepatitis B and C are the leading causes of liver diseases worldwide. For hematological and solid malignancy patients undergoing chemotherapy, increases in HBV DNA and HCV RNA levels can be detected which may result in reactivation and hepatitis-related morbidity and mortality. The aim of this study was to determine the seroprevalence of Hbs ag and Anti HCV positivity in patients with solid malignancies undergoing chemotherapy and consequences during follow-up. Materials and Methods: The files of 914 patients with solid malignancies whose hepatitis markers were determined serologically at diagnosis were reviewed retrospectively. All underwent adjuvant/palliative chemotherapy. For the cases with HBV and/or HCV positivity, HBV DNA and HCV RNA levels, liver function tests at diagnosis and during follow-up and the treatment modalities that were chosen were determined. Results: Of 914 cases, Hbs Ag, anti Hbs and anti HCV positivity were detected in 40 (4.4%), 336 (36.8%) and 26 (2.8%) of the cases respectively. All of the Hbs ag positive patients received prophylactic lamuvidine before the start of chemotherapy. In the Hbs ag and anti HCV positive cases, liver failure was not detected during chemotherapy and a delay in chemotherapy courses because of hepatitis was not encountered. Conclusions: Just as with hematological malignancies, screening for HBV and HCV should also be considered for patients with solid tumors undergoing chemotherapy. Prophylactic antiviral therapy for HBV reduces both the reactivation rates and HBV related mortality and morbidity. The clinical impact of HCV infection on patients undergoing chemotherapy is still not well characterized.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.31-36
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• 1993

The effects of freezing and 1,2-propanediol on early and late pronucleate stage mouse ova were investigated in terms of survival after thawing and development in vitro. The samples were divided into two groups according to different age in pronucleate ova: ova in(1) early pronuclear stage with two distant pronuclei at 18h after hCG injection, and (2) late pronuclear stage with adjacent pronuclei at 30h. Zygotes in the late pronuclear stage have been proven to be more resistant to 1,2-propanediol, showing a significantly higher developmental rate than zygotes in early stage (80.3 versus 66.3%, <0.05), but survival rate was similar in the two groups (91.0 versus 93.5%). After freezing and thawing, survival and developmental rates were decreased in both groups when compared to the control group (54.3 versus 92.3%, 47.7 versus 73.3%. respectively). And developmental rate in the late pronuclear stage zygotes showed significantly higher than in early (55.4 versus 40.0%) after thawing. In conclusion, early pronucleate mouse ova have a lower developmental capacity in vitro and a lower survival rate after freezing and thawing than late ova. These findings suggest that the timing of freezing could be important for survival and further development in vitro in cryopreservation of human pronucleate ova.

• 한국실내디자인학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국실내디자인학회 2008년도 춘계학술발표대회 논문집
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• pp.78-81
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• 2008

The number of clinics for Oriental Clinic is increasing sharply in Korea after the inception of National Health Insurance System in 1987. However there have been many troubles in making efficient plans for oriental clinic facilities because of the lack of proper guidelines related to the design of them. This research was conducted as part of the planning project for the "G" Oriental Clinic. The purpose of this project Is to place a optimal number of beds in a small oriental clinic and medical-environmental friendly design After arranging necessary spaces, such as the Director's Office, Herbal Medicine Preparation Room, Multipurpose Room, Medicine Cabinet, and Waiting Room in the clinic, partitions are used to differentiate the spaces and the storage area.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제16권6호
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• pp.2527-2530
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• 2015

Background: The cancer of the prostate risk assessment (CAPRA) score has been defined to predict prostate cancer recurrence based on the pre-clinical data, then pathological data have also been incorporated. Thus, CAPRA post-surgical (CAPRA-S) score has been developed based on six criteria (prostate specific antigen (PSA) at diagnosis, pathological Gleason score, and information on surgical margin, seminal vesicle invasion, extracapsular extension and lymph node involvement) for the prediction of post-surgical recurrences. In the present study, biochemical recurrence (BCR)-free probabilities after open retropubic radical prostatectomy (RP) were evaluated by the CAPRA-S scoring system and its three-risk level model. Materials and Methods: CAPRA-S scores (0-12) of our 240 radical prostatectomies performed between January 2000-May 2011 were calculated. Patients were distributed into CAPRA-S score groups and also into three-risk groups as low, intermediate and high. BCR-free probabilities were assessed and compared using Kaplan-Meier analysis and Cox proportional hazards regression. Ability of CAPRA-S in BCR detection was evaluated by concordance index (c-index). Results: BCR was present in 41 of total 240 patients (17.1%) and the mean follow-up time was $51.7{\pm}33.0$ months. Mean BCR-free survival time was 98.3 months (95% CI: 92.3-104.2). Of the patients in low, intermediate and high risk groups, 5.4%, 22.0% and 58.8% had BCR, respectively and the difference among the three groups was significant (P = 0.0001). C-indices of CAPRA-S score and three-risk groups for detecting BCR-free probabilities in 5-yr were 0.87 and 0.81, respectively. Conclusions: Both CAPRA-S score and its three-risk level model well predicted BCR after RP with high c-index levels in our center. Therefore, it is a clinically reliable post-operative risk stratifier and disease recurrence predictor for prostate cancer.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.123-128
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• 1998

Implantation rates remain low following human in vitro fertilization (IVF). Suboptimal culture conditions may limit the ability of embryos to hatch as blastocysts, and artificial opening of the zona pellucida has been proposed as a means to promote subsequent hatching (assisted hatching). In this study, assisted hatching (AH) by zona drilling using acidic Tyrode's solution was performed in 320 patients, due to their age of more than 38 years (group A), the thick zona pellucida (group Z; $ZP\geq0.18{\mu}m$), and failures in implantation more than 3 times in previous IVF-ET trial (group P). This study was designed firstly, to study the effects of AH on the outcomes of IVF-ET according to the indications and secondly, to verify the appropriate application of AH. The results were as follows; 1. There was no difference in pregnancy rate between AH group (26.6%) and non-AH group (26.5%). 2. Assisted hatching (AH) showed significantly higher pregnancy rate of the patients with thick zona pellucid a than those of the patients with age factor and with the history of repeated implantation failure. But in the patients with age factor only, AH resulted in higher pregnancy rate. 3. Interestingly, the patients with complex factors including zona factor (Z: 33.9%; ZA: 30.4%; ZP: 31.6%; ZAP: 21.4%) showed higher pregnancy rates than other complex factors excluding zona factor (A: 24.4%, P: 0%; AP: 10.8%). From these results, AH is more helpful to the patients with thick zona pellucida rather than patients with older age and/or previous repeated implantation failure.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.293-299
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• 1995

Objective: To investigate the effects of sperm morphology and their co-incubation with oocytes on the outcome of IVF and ICSI. Design: Strict morphology of washed sperm was assessed by Diff-Quick staining method before or after insemination. And the relationships between strict morphology and outcome (fertilization, embryo development and pregnancy) of IVF(with co-incubation) and ICSI (without co-incubation) were determined. Patients: Two-hundreds-and-sixty-three cycles of IVF and ninety-six cycles of ICSI were analyzed in order to clarify the influence of strict sperm morphology of spermatozoa on outcome of IVF and ICSI. These were divided into four groups. according to fertilization method and sperm morphology(Group 1: IVF, ${\geq}$12%, n:227; Group 2: IVF, <12%, n:36; Group 3: ICSI, ${\geq}$ 12%, n=48; Group 4: ICSI, <12%, n=48). Results: The fertilization rates of better morphology groups were higher than those of poor groups: Group 1(68.1%) > Group 2(62.1%), Group 3(78.1%) > Group 4(71.5%). There was no difference in embryo cleavage rates among four groups (>90%), Regarded with the good embryo rates, Group 1(56.8%) was significantly higher than Group 2(42.3%)(P<0.01), but there was no difference between Group 3(64.7%) and Group 4(61.2%). The pregnancy rates were also higher in better morphology groups as well as fertilization rates: Group 1(34.8%)> Group 2(16.7%)(p<0.05), Group 3(40.0%) > Group 4(23.0%)(p=0.08). Conclusion: Co-incubation with poor morphology sperm might adversely affect the quality of embryos. And strict sperm morphology may represent the ability to establish successful pregnancy. In short, the strict sperm morphology can be a good predictor of IVF and ICSI outcome.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제16권10호
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• pp.4323-4328
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• 2015

Background: Breast cancer is the most common cause of deaths of cancer in women. Nowadays, following completion of imaging methods, mainly fine needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) and core biopsy methods have been used for establishing cytopathological diagnosis although discussions regarding superiority continue. Materials and Methods: Those with a complaint of "mass in breast" along with those diagnosed to have a mass as a result of routine physical examination among all patients applying to our clinic between 01.01.2009 and 31.12.2011 were retrospectively assessed. Totals of 146 and 64 patients with complete radiological observation who had undergone FNAB and core biopsies, respectively, were evaluated. Postoperative pathological results of patients of both groups receiving surgery were also taken into consideration. All results were compared in terms of false positivity/negativity, sensitivity/specifity, surgery types and distribution of postoperative results with regard to diagnoses along with those of malignant/benign masses with regard to quadrants determined. Results: Diagnostic malignancy power of mammographic BIRADS classification was 87.3%. However, the value was 75% in the core biopsy group. Sensitivity and specifity following comparison of FNAB and postoperative pathology results of those receiving surgery were 85.4% and 92.9% while they were 93.5% and 100% in the core biopsy group. Diagnostic malignancy power, calculated by determining AUC in ROC analysis, of FNAB was 89.1% while that of core biopsy was 96.7%. Conclusions: It was shown that core biopsy is superior to FNAB in terms of sensitivity, specificity and accurate histopathological classification. However; quick, cheap and basic diagnosis by means of FNAB should not be ignored. Sensitivity of FNAB is rather high in experienced hands and furthermore it would be expected to be lower than with core biopsy.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• 제48권5호
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• pp.284-291
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• 2022

Objectives: This study aimed to analyze the clinicopathological prognostic factors affecting the survival of patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Materials and Methods: A retrospective study was conducted on patients with OSCC who received treatment at the Oral Oncology Clinic of the National Cancer Center (NCC) from June 2001 to December 2020. The patients' sex, age, primary site, T stage, node metastasis, TNM staging, perineural invasion (PNI), lymphovascular invasion (LVI), differentiation, surgical resection margin, smoking, and drinking habits were investigated to analyze risk factors. For the univariate analysis, a Kaplan-Meier survival analysis and log-rank test were used. Additionally, for the multivariable analysis, a Cox proportional hazard model analysis was used. For both analyses, statistical significance was considered when P<0.05. Results: During the investigation period, 407 patients were received surgical treatment at the NCC. Their overall survival rate (OS) for five years was 70.7%, and the disease-free survival rate (DFS) was 60.6%. The multivariable analysis revealed that node metastasis, PNI, and differentiation were significantly associated with poor OS. For DFS, PNI and differentiation were associated with poor survival rates. Conclusion: In patients with OSCC, cervical node metastasis, PNI, and differentiation should be considered important prognostic factors for postoperative survival.