• Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• 제46권4호
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• pp.292-303
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• 2022

Background: Climate change significantly influences the geographical distribution of plant species worldwide. Selecting indicator species allows for better-informed and more effective ecosystem management in response to climate change. The Korean Peninsula is the northernmost distribution zone of warm temperate evergreen broad-leaved (WTEB) species in Northeast Asia. Considering the ecological value of these species, we evaluated the current distribution range and future suitable habitat for 13 WTEB tree species designated as climate-sensitive biological indicator species. Results: Up-to-date and accurate WTEB species distribution maps were constructed using herbarium specimens and citizen science data from the Korea Biodiversity Observation Network. Current northern limits for several species have shifted to higher latitudes compared to previous records. For example, the northern latitude limit for Stauntonia hexaphylla is higher (37° 02' N, Deokjeokdo archipelago) than that reported previously (36° 13' N). The minimum temperature of the coldest month (Bio6) is the major factor influencing species distribution. Under future climate change scenarios, suitable habitats are predicted to expand toward higher latitudes inland and along the western coastal areas. Conclusions: Our results support the suitability of WTEB trees as significant biological indicators of species' responses to warming. The findings also suggest the need for consistent monitoring of species distribution shifts. This study provides an important baseline dataset for future monitoring and management of indicator species' responses to changing climate conditions in South Korea.

• 식물분류학회지
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• 제40권4호
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• pp.202-207
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• 2010

The most useful criteria and selection procedures of biological indicators have been developed in Korea because they have taken into account local and national concerns on biological responses against climate change. On the basis of these criteria and selection procedures, 100 climate-sensitive biological indicator species were selected to predict biodiversity distribution shift by climate change and manage biological resources integratedly at the national level. It is expected that selection and monitoring of biological indicators by climate change will provide significant information to prepare protective strategies of vulnerable species against climate change and adaptive policies under the changing environment in Korea. In this paper, we have reviewed what kinds of criteria were considered in selecting bioindicators to assess responses of biological organisms against climate change. Definition and selection steps of bioindicators were proposed, and the 100 species of climate- sensitive biological indicators were selected out of 33,253 taxa reported in Korea.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제22권9호
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• pp.1141-1152
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• 2013

Insect fauna were surveyed in 2011 at Ungok wetland, Obeygol, located in Gochang, Jeonbuk, Korea. In total, 149 species belonging to 11 orders and 57 families were surveyed. Among them, Lepidopterans composed 23.5% (35 species) of the total insect numbers surveyed, comprising the most abundant group, and followed by Coleoptera, Hemiptera, and Odonata with a composition of 22.1% (33 species), 17.4% (26 species), and 10.1% (15 species), respectively. Bothrogonia japonica Ishihara was the most dominant species, and followed by Gastrophysa atrocyanea Motschulsky and Celastrina argiolus (Linnaeus). Phytophagous insects accounted for 60 percent of the total species. Dominance index was the highest in spring by 0.21. Diversity, richness, and evenness indices were the highest in summer by 4.07, 11.84 and 0.96, respectively. In the study area, the legally-protect species were grouped into five groups; 9 export-restricted species, 17 endemic species, 28 indicator species, 1 climate-sensitive biological indicator and 3 southern characteristic species. Additionally, twenty forest insect pest species were surveyed, belonging to 5 orders and 15 families. Therefore, it is required to conduct long-term monitoring and appropriate management based on the ecological characteristic of the habitats to continuously conserve and maintain of wetland.

• Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• 제45권4호
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• pp.313-327
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• 2021

Background: Citizen science is becoming a mainstream approach of baseline data collection to monitor biodiversity and climate change. Dragonflies (Odonata) have been ranked as the highest priority group in biodiversity monitoring for global warming. Ischnura senegalensis Rambur has been designated a biological indicator of climate change and is being monitored by the citizen science project "Korean Biodiversity Observation Network." This study has been performed to understand changes in the distribution range of I. senegalensis in response to climate change using citizen science data in South Korea. Results: We constructed a dataset of 397 distribution records for I. senegalensis, ranging from 1980 to 2020. The number of records sharply increased over time and space, and in particular, citizen science monitoring data accounted for the greatest proportion (58.7%) and covered the widest geographical range. This species was only distributed in the southern provinces until 2010 but was recorded in the higher latitudes such as Gangwon-do, Incheon, Seoul, and Gyeonggi-do (max. Paju-si, 37.70° latitude) by 2020. A species distribution model showed that the annual mean temperature (Bio1; 63.2%) and the maximum temperature of the warmest month (Bio5; 16.7%) were the most critical factors influencing its distribution. Future climate change scenarios have predicted an increase in suitable habitats for this species. Conclusions: This study is the first to show the northward expansion in the distribution range of I. senegalensis in response to climate warming in South Korea over the past 40 years. In particular, citizen science was crucial in supplying critical baseline data to detect the distribution change toward higher latitudes. Our results provide new insights on the value of citizen science as a tool for detecting the impact of climate change on ecosystems in South Korea.

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.114-126
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• 2013

The purpose of this study was to develop a Korean thermality index (KTI) based on the distribution patterns of benthic macroinvertebrates according to altitude and latitude. Analyzing seasonal data (4,853 sampling units) surveyed and collected during 2007 ~ 2011 at 846 sites in South Korea, we estimated thermal valency, thermal value and indicator weight value of 208 species. Among them, 40 species in 6 orders (Decapoda 1 species, Collembola 1 species, Ephemeroptera 5 species, Plecoptera 17 species, Diptera 3 species, Trichoptera 13 species) were selected as the candidate indicator species sensitive and vulnerable to warmth along with climate change. KTI and Benthic macroinvertebrate index (BMI) were tested at three clean streams (Hangye stream, Buk stream and Bangtae stream). KTI showed significant differences according to altitude and water temperature whereas the saprobity index BMI showed little differences. This result means that KTI can be applicable to assess the impact of water temperature independently of organic pollutants.

• Journal of Species Research
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.246-254
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• 2021

Subalpine and alpine ecosystems are especially vulnerable to temperature increases. Betula ermanii Cham. (Betulaceae) is a dominant broad-leaved tree species in the subalpine zone and is designated as a 'Climate-sensitive Biological Indicator Species' in South Korea. This study aimed to predict the potential distribution of B. ermanii under current and future climate conditions in South Korea using the MaxEnt model. The species distribution models showed an excellent fit (AUC=0.99). Among the climatic variables, the most critical factors shaping B. ermanii distribution were identified as the maximum temperature of warmest month (Bio5; 64.8%) and annual mean temperature (Bio1; 20.3%). Current potential habitats were predicted in the Baekdudaegan mountain range and Mt. Hallasan, and the area of suitable habitat was 1531.52 km², covering 1.57% of the Korean Peninsula. With global warming, future climate scenarios have predicted a decrease in the suitable habitats for B. ermanii. Under RCP8.5-2070s, in particular, habitat with high potential was predicted only in several small areas in Gangwon-do, and the total area suitable for the species decreased by up to 97.3% compared to the current range. We conclude that the dominant factor affecting the distribution of B. ermanii is temperature and that future temperature rises will increase the vulnerability of this species.

• 환경영향평가
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.260-277
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• 2015

본 연구는 대표적인 아고산식물인 동일속 식물 구상나무와 분비나무의 기후변화 민감성 평가에 목적이 있다. 이를 위해 종 분포 모형을 이용하여 현재 및 미래의 종 분포 확률을 예측하였고 기후변화 민감성 평가를 하였다. MTSS를 기준으로 예측된 잠재 분포지는 분비나무가 구상나무보다 감소율이 많았으며, 스칼라 민감도를 이용한 평가에서는 구상나무의 민감도가 분비나무보다 높았다. 본 연구와 같은 종 분포 모형을 이용한 연구에서는 위치자료 및 환경변수에 따라 종 분포 확률이 달라질 수 있으므로 연구 대상종의 생태 환경에 대한 면밀한 조사가 선결되어야 하며, 본 연구를 기초로 하여 국내에 적용 가능한 기후변화민감성 평가 방법이 개발된다면 기후변화와 생물 다양성 적응 정책의 중요한 의사결정 수단이 될 것으로 기대한다.

• 한국환경생태학회지
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• 제25권5호
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• pp.673-684
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• 2011

전라남도 신안군은 전국에서 가장 많은 총 1004개의 도서가 위치하고 있다. 이처럼 국내 대부분 섬들은 일정한 지역에 밀집이 되어있으나 각각의 섬들은 육지 또는 타도와 격리되어 있기 때문에 생물상의 조사는 생물지리학적으로 매우 중요하다. 특히 섬 생태계에서 곤충류의 종다양성은 조류를 포함한 상위포식자의 생태계 먹이 안정성에 매우 중요한 역할을 한다고 볼 수 있다. 본 연구는 전라남도 신안군 도초면 일대 28개 무인도서의 곤충상을 확인하여 무인도서의 보존 및 관리방안 설정에 따른 기초자료를 제공하고자 한다. 조사된 28개 무인도서의 곤충류 출현 양상은 총 12목 60과 122종 921개체가 조사되었으며 가도에서 9목 22과 32종으로 가장 높게 나타났다. 특정 곤충종의 출현 현황은 국내 미기록 1종, 남방계 특성종 3종, 해안사구 지표종 1종, 기후변화 지표종 1종이 조사되었다.

• 한국농림기상학회지
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.16-29
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• 2016

우리나라 농경지 중 논은 약55%로 가장 많은 면적을 차지하고 있으며, 논에 서식하는 생물 중 논 환경변화에 민감하고 일정한 방향의 반응을 보이는 생물종은 생물지표로 활용할 수 있다. 생물계절 및 서식범위 등 생물지표를 이용한 분석은 기후변화의 영향을 직관적이고 정량적으로 판단할 수 있는 수단으로 평가된다. 따라서 논에 서식하는 수서생물의 온도변화에 따른 생물반응 연구는 논 생태계의 생물다양성 보전을 위한 계획 수립과 기후변화 감시를 위한 기초자료로서 활용된다. 본 연구에서는 생물계절을 관측하기 위하여 일 단위 관측이 가능한 무인관측시스템을 구축하였다. 무인관측시스템은 유인부, 촬영부, 전원공급부로 구성되며 위도를 고려하여 해남, 부안, 당진, 철원에 설치하였다. 관측자료를 분석한 결과 철원을 제외한 세 지역에서 잔물땡땡이(Hydrochara affinis)와 애물땡땡이(Sternolophus rufipes)의 개체 수를 계측할 수 있었다. 계측 값을 바탕으로 비행시기의 유효적산온도를 판별하였으며 KMA 기후변화 시나리오를 이용하여 2020년대, 2050년대, 2080년대 평년의 비행시기의 변화를 예측하여 비교하였다. 그 결과 2020년대에 비하여 2080년대는 비행시작시기가 15일 이상 앞당겨졌으며 최대 비행시기가 22일, 최종 비행시기가 27일 이상 빨라지는 것으로 나타났다. 서식 위치에 따라서는 내륙보다 해안, 도심보다 도외지, 평야보다 곡간지 논의 비행시기 변화가 뚜렷하였다. 따라서 본 연구의 결과를 바탕으로 잔물땡땡이와 애물땡땡이를 기후변화 지표종으로 활용할 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국버섯학회지
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.292-296
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• 2020

본 연구는 한라산천연보호구역의 기초자료 확보를 목적으로 수행된 한라산천연보호구역 기초학술조사 중 버섯류에 대한 연구로, 2018년 4월부터 10월까지 7개월 동안 성판악탐방로와 돈내코탐방로 사이 지역을 대상으로 수행되었다. 조사된 버섯은 총 65과 184속 392종이며, 이 중 187종의 버섯이 죽은 나무나 나뭇가지에서 발생하였다. 주름버섯목에 속하는 버섯이 184종으로 가장 높게 나타났고, 시기적으로는 7월에 206종으로 가장 많이 발생하였다. 또한 대부분의 버섯은 600~800 m 사이 고도에서 발생하였다. 본 연구에서 조사된 버섯들 중 기후변화 생물지표종에 해당되는 버섯이 5종, 후보종 2종이 나타났으며, 392종 중 국외 반출 승인 대상 생물자원에는 163종이 해당되었다(*Appendix 홈페이지에 업로드).