• The Transactions of the Korea Information Processing Society
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• v.7 no.11S
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• pp.3651-3667
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• 2000

Recently, in the distributed multimedia environments based on internet, as radical growing technologies, the most of researchers focus on both streaming technology and distributed object thchnology, Specially, the studies which are tried to integrate the streaming services on the distributed object technology have been progressing. These technologies are applied to various stream service mamgements and protocols. However, the stream service management mexlels which are being proposed by the existing researches are insufficient for suporting the QoS of stream services. Besides, the existing models have the problems that cannot support the extensibility and the reusability, when the QoS-reiatedfunctions are being developed as a sub-module which is suited on the specific-purpose application services. For solving these problems, in this paper. we suggested a QoS Integrated platform which can extend and reuse using the distributed object technologies, and guarantee the QoS of the stream services. A structure of platform we suggested consists of three components such as User Control Module(UCM), QoS Management Module(QoSM) and Stream Object. Stream Object has Send/Receive operations for transmitting the RTP packets over TCP/IP. User Control ModuleI(UCM) controls Stream Objects via the COREA service objects. QoS Management Modulel(QoSM) has the functions which maintain the QoS of stream service between the UCMs in client and server. As QoS control methexlologies, procedures of resource monitoring, negotiation, and resource adaptation are executed via the interactions among these comiXments mentioned above. For constmcting this QoS integrated platform, we first implemented the modules mentioned above independently, and then, used IDL for defining interfaces among these mexlules so that can support platform independence, interoperability and portability base on COREA. This platform is constructed using OrbixWeb 3.1c following CORBA specification on Solaris 2.5/2.7, Java language, Java, Java Media Framework API 2.0, Mini-SQL1.0.16 and multimedia equipments. As results for verifying this platform functionally, we showed executing results of each module we mentioned above, and a numerical data obtained from QoS control procedures on client and server's GUI, while stream service is executing on our platform.

• Journal of KIISE:Computing Practices and Letters
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.91-101
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• 2006

Researches on services of vehicles have been mainly focused on how to provide useful information and entertainment for an in-vehicle driver. However, the needs are appreciably increased for more advanced services that help drivers to check and manage their vehicles conveniently, without requiring drivers to attach to their vehicles. It is a sort of ubiquitous computing, providing an intelligent interactive services for human at any time and any where. In this paper, we present an intelligent vehicle information system to enable a driver to remotely diagnose and control a vehicle via CDMA communication network connected to the Internet. The system improves mobility for diagnosis and control of vehicle by implementing a cut and call back mechanism, which allows the vehicle terminal to have access to the information server on the Internet via CDMA call. No matter where the driver is, he can obtain the remote diagnosis and control services on the web browser without any additional application installation. Design methodology is introduced and evaluation results are analyzed for the CDMA-based intelligent vehicle information system. The experimental results show that the response time of the vehicle terminal to a web client request is 10.302 seconds at the beginning and 646.44ms thereafter. The average response time of CAN sensor node to a vehicle terminal request is 6.669ms.

• Journal of KIISE:Information Networking
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• v.34 no.6
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• pp.466-474
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• 2007

Asymmetric networks that the downlink bandwidth is larger than the uplink bandwidth may cause the degradation of the TCP performance due to the uplink congestion. In order to solve this problem, this paper designs and implements the Dynamic Segment Size Control mechanism which offers a suitable segment size for current networks. The proposed mechanism does not require any changes in customer premises but suppress the number of ACKs using segment reassembly technique to avoid the uplink congestion. The gateway which adapted the Dynamic Segment Size Control mechanism, detects the uplink congestion condition and dynamically measures the bandwidth asymmetric ratio and the packet loss ratio. The gateway reassembles some of segments received from the server into a large segment and transmits it to the client. This reduces the number of corresponding ACKs. In this mechanism, the SACK option is used when occurs the bit error during the transmission. Based on the simulation in the GEO satellite network environment, we analyzed the performance of the Dynamic Segment Size Control mechanism.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartD
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• v.9D no.2
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• pp.185-194
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• 2002

Most of mobile computing systems allow mostly read-only transactions from mobile clients for retrieving various types of Information such as stock data, traffic information and news updates. Since previous concurrence control protocols, however, do not consider such a particular characteristics, the performance degradation occurs when previous schemes are applied to the broadcast environment. In this paper, we propose OCC/UTF(Optimistic Concurrence Control with Update Transaction First) that is most appropriate for broadcast environment. OCC/UTF lets a query transaction, that has already read the data item which was invalidated by update transaction, read again the same data item without the abort of the query transaction due to non-serializability. Therefore, serializable order is maintained and the query transaction is committed safely regardless of commitment of update transactions. In OCC/UTF, Clients need not require server to commit their query transactions. Because of broadcasting the validation reports including values updated recently to clients, it reduces the overhead of requesting recent values from the server and the server need not also re-broadcast the newest values. As a result, OCC/UTF makes full use of the asymmetric bandwidth. It can also improve transaction throughput by increasing the commit ratio of query transactions as much as possible.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.271-277
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• 2013

The subjects of this study were the patients of H Dental Hospital in Busan, who visited for the purpose of treatment in patients over 18 years of age and 151 patients, analyzed the data of the results of the selection criteria of the dental health care consumer. The gender of the subjects by cross-analysis, importance order of selection criteria for dental hospital were cleanness and hygiene(78.1%), equipment and facilities(60.9%), career and word-of-mouth(57.6%), staff kindness(57.6%), ease of use(32.5%) and scale of dental hospital(22.5%), it was appeared similar in comparison of cross-analysis and average-analysis. Major consideration of the study subjects to select criteria for dental hospital was pain control(31.8%), infection control(30.5%), cost(29.8%), time(7.9%) respectively. Gender as a primary consideration to the part of a man in pain control(39.2%), women cost(39.1%) was most common (p<0.001). In dental health care consumer to select criteria, clean hygiene and infection control at the heavily appeared to affect the direction of change in the consciousness of consumers seeking and it is necessary to improve hospital services for the dental care of their qualitative changes.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartC
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• v.10C no.7
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• pp.891-898
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• 2003

This paper analyzes and proposes a scheme that improves the performance of the RTP that is developed to support the end-to-end transmission function and QoS monitor function for real-time multimedia data transmission. Although the existing RTP module supports real-time transmission, it has some problems in guaranteeing QoS parameters. To solve this problem, we propose a new Selective Repeat Adaptive Rate Control (SRARC). The SRARC can support QoS by referring to the data transmission status from the client and then classifying the network status into three levels. It selectively transmits multimedia data and dynamically controls transmission rates based on such information as bandwidth, packet loss rate, and latency that can be calculated in data transfer phase. To verify the SRARC, we implement it in real local area networks and compare the QoS parameters of the SRARC with those of the SR and RTP By the experimental results, the SRARC shows better performance in the aspects of bandwidth usage rate, packet loss rates, and transmission delays than the existing RTP schemes.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.484-498
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• 1994

The purpose of this study was to investigate the home care needs in a rural county as a basic study to develop a Korean home care model. A stratified cluster sampling method was used to select 1, 352 household which accounted for 8.8% of Youn Cheon County population. A Standard criterias for home care subject were delineated by five nursing professors representing five different areas of nursing specialty. The developed criteria for home care subjects were as below, 1) Patients who had been discharged from hospital during the previous week. 2) Patients with special medical devices 3) Newborns and the mothers. 4) The chronically ill with poor recovery or control of disease. 5) Subjects with poor health care behavior or ability 6) Subjects with poor social support and / or family resources. 7) Subjects with health related educational needs. Three types of questionnaires were developed to screen home care subjects, one for adults, one for infants and one for the elderly. Also different questionnaire items were developed to evaluate the control and self care ability of chronically ill subjects. After training in interview methods for 2 days, 39 interviewers visited individual households for interviews. As the results of the study showed that 14.1％ of adult subjects and 76.5% of infants and child were judged as having at least one criterion related to home care need, 15.69% of adults and 53% of elderly had at least one chronic illness. The most prevalent chronic illnesses were hypertension, skeletal-neurological disease and diabetes. The prevalence of subjects with home care needs were, those with poor health care behavior(8.89%), with health-re-lated educational needs(8.71%), with poor recovery or control of disease (3.52%), and with poor social support and inadequate family resources(3.19%). There were only 0.3%, 0.37%, 0.11% who were discharged patients, patients with medical devices, or newborns respectively. Thus, the largest home care client group were those who need direct health care and health education. Seventy five percent of the subjects responded that they were willing to use and pay for home care service if it is offered in the future. It is suggested that recently discharged patients and patients with special medical devices can be cared for by hospital based home care nurses, but other home care clients can be cared for by com-munity based home care nurses.

• Journal of Internet Computing and Services
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.81-92
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• 2006

Recently, the number of mobile phone and PDA users has been rapidly increased. Such monitoring and control applications as geographical and traffic information systems are being used widely with wireless devices. In this paper, we introduce the mobile M/VC application framework that supports the rapid constructions of mobile monitoring and control (M/VC) applications. The mobile M/VC application framework uses the mobile Observer/Observable pattern that extends the Java's Observer/Observable for automatic interactions of server and client objects in wireless environments. It also provides the Multiplexer and Demultiplexer classes that supports the assembly feature of Observer and Observable objects. To construct an application using the framework, developers just need to create necessary objects from the Observable and MobileObserver classes and inter-connect them structurally(like the plug-and-play style) through the Multiplexer and Demultiplexer objects. Then, the state change of Observable objects is notified to the connected Observer objects and user's input with Observer objects is propagated to Observable objects. These mechanism is the main process for monitoring and control applications. Therefore, the mobile M/VC application framework can improve the productivity of mobile applications and enhance the reusability of such components as Observer and Observable objects in wireless environments.

• Therapeutic Science for Rehabilitation
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.115-127
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• 2021

Objective : The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of telerehabilitation on executive function, activities of daily living, instrumental activities of daily living, and occupational performance in stroke patients. Methods : The participants of this study were 30 outpatients with stroke residing in community. Both groups underwent the intervention 3 times a week for a total of 18 sessions. For the experimental group telerehabilitation was administered at home to only fifteen participants in the experimental group schedule, and it was supervised by the caregiver. Fifteen people in the control group underwent only the traditional occupational therapy. Executive function and instrumental activities of daily living were evaluated using the Korean version of the Executive Function Performance Test (EFPT-K). The basic daily activities of living were assessed using the Modified Barthel Index (MBI). The Canadian Occupational Performance Measure (COPM) was used to evaluate the client-centered occupational performance. Results : After the intervention, the experimental and control groups showed improvements in executive function, instrumental activities of daily living and occupational performance. Occupational performance improved more significantly in the experimental group than in the control group. Conclusion : Telerehabilitation and occupational therapy positively affect executive function, instrumental activities of daily living and occupational performance of patients with stroke. We suggest that telerehabilitation combined with occupational therapy is more effective in improving the occupational performance of stroke patients.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.265-284
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• 2001

The case management has been applied to improve the quality of care and the cost-effectiveness in the most health care institutions. In a way of case management, the critical pathway(CP) has been executed in many acute care settings, focused on the diagnoses with high cost, high volume, and high risk. This study was conducted to develop a case management program using CP as an intervention of patients with lumbar spinal stenosis for the surgery of posterolateral fusion, and to find out the effects of the critical pathway on the quality of nursing care, patient satisfaction as an outcome of care, length of stay and medical charge, and nurses' job satisfaction. At the same time, patients' functional states were checked with the Oswestry Low Back Pain Index, to show that the CP would not decrease the patients' function compared to the control group. The subjects were 25 control patients with a usual operation of lumbar fusion and 25 experimental patients with CP. They were all female, aged $50s{\sim}70s$, admitted in the Orthopedic surgery ward of a university hospital. Also nurses on the floor using CP were asked to respond to measurement tool of job satisfaction before and after the application of CP, and compared with other nurses on the different wards. Data were analyzed with t-test for continuous variables and chi-square for non-parametric variables in addition to the reliability test of the measurement tools. The results of this study were as followings: 1. Patients' functional states The differences in Oswestry scores of the experimental and control groups assessed at preoperation and at discharge were not statistically significant. The change in scores of the experimental group measured at preoperation and at discharge was larger than that of the control group, however the difference was not statistically significant. The results indicate that the CP did not decrease the patients' functional status. 2. The quality of nursing care The total of quality of nursing care given to the experimental group was better than that of the control group(P=.000). In addition, the experimental group showed better scores of quality of every item of care than the control group(P=.000 -.004). 3. Patient satisfaction Patients of the experimental group were not more satisfied with general care than the control group. But they were more satisfied with discharge care of 'explanation about medication, body posture, and brace application' and 'explanation about the adjustment of daily living and exercise during recovery'(P= .047, P=.028). 4. Nurses' job satisfaction Nurses working with the CP showed more job satisfaction than before the CP introduction(P=.048). But the control group of nurses on a different floor showed no change in job satisfaction at the same period of time. 5. Length of stay and medical charge The mean length of stay of the experimental group was shorter than that of the control group without statistical significance. The charge of medication and treatment of the experimental group were smaller than that of the control group(P=.011, P=.000). The results of the study support that the case management using critical pathway enables to improve the quality of care and job satisfaction, to reduce the medical charge, and consequently to increase satisfaction with care. However, the case management should be instituted focusing on the quality improvement of nursing and the client satisfaction, not just for the purpose of cost-effectiveness of health care facilities.