• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.35-49
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• 2016

Objectives : This study was designed to investigate the anti-osteoarthritic effects of clematidis radix pharmacopuncture on the MIA-induced osteoarthritis rats. Methods : The subjects were divided into 4 groups ; Normal rat group(N, n=5), MIA-induced osteoarthritis control rat group(C, n=5), MIA-induced osteoarthritis rat group injected with normal saline at ST36(NS, n=5), and MIA-induced osteoarthritis rat group injected with clematidis radix pharmacopuncture at ST36(CR, n=5). The experiment was conducted over a period of 21 days after injecting MIA. We analyzed body weight, hind paw weight distribution, liver and renal function, immunocytes, cykokines, inflammatory mediators, inflammatory proteins and mRNA expressions, as well as histopathological changes. Results : The CR group showed a significant increase in the hind paw weight distribution, and significant decreases in IL-$1{\beta}$, IL-6, $PGE_2$, $LTB_4$, osteocalcin, deoxypyridinoline level, the protein expression of COX2, arachidonate 5 lipoxygenase, and the mRNA expression of COX2, TNF-${\alpha}$, IL-$1{\beta}$, and NOS-II. In terms of the joint damages induced by osteoarthritis, the CR group showed a greater protective effect than group C in histopathologic observation (H&E, Safranin-O staining). Conclusion : These results demonstrated that clematidis radix pharmacopuncture had anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects. In addition, these results showed that it inhibited the progression of osteoarthritis.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.57-70
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• 2014

Objectives : The purpose of this study is to examine if Clematidis Radix(CR) pharmacopuncture may be effective to the neuropathic pain(mechanical allodynia) in a rat model of neuropathic pain. Methods : To produce the model of neuropathic, L5 spinal nerve was ligated by 6-0 silk thread. After neuropathic surgery, the author examined if the animals exhibited the plantar withdrawal response of allodynia. The plantar withdrawal response was assessed by dynamic plantar aesthesiometer three days after the neuropathic surgery, CR pharmacopuncture was injected at $BL_{23}$ 1time/week for 6 weeks. After that, the author examined the plantar withdrawal response of rats' leg by dynamic plantar aesthesiometer. And also the author examined mGluR5, Bax, Bcl-2, Bax/Bcl-2 ratio in spinal cord, and c-Fos. Also the author observed the change of aspartate aminotransferase(AST), alanine aminotransferase(ALT) count in the blood serum of neuropathic rats. Results : 1. The withdrawal response of allodynia decreased in the PT3, PT4 group as compared with control group. 2. The mGluR5 increased in the PT1, PT2, PT3, and PT4 group. 3. The Bax and Bax/Bcl-2 ratio decreased in the PT4 group. 4. The c-Fos increased in the PT1 group, and decreased in the PT4 group. 5. The changes of AST in blood serum decreased in the every group excluded control group and the changes of ALT in blood serum isn't shown the signigicant change. Conclusions : These results are suggested that CR pharmacopuncture at BL23 decreased mechanical allodynia, can act on anti-apoptotic, neuroprotective effects and liver fuction in the model of neuropathic pain.

• Journal of Korean Medicine Rehabilitation
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.55-63
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• 2015

Objectives The purpose of this study is to analyze the osteoarthritis-related effect of each constituent herb of ChondroT, the herbal medicine that used for osteoarthritis. Methods We searched osteoarthritis-related studies on each constituent herb of ChondroT via five Korean Medicine web databases. We classified these studies by each constituent herb (Ostericii Radix, Angelica Gigas Nakai, Clematidis Radix, Lonicerae Flos, Phellodendri Cortex) and researched the osteoarthritis-related effect. Results We collected 18 studies (two studies of Ostericii Radix, five studies of Angelica Gigas Nakai, three studies of Clematidis Radix, six studies of Lonicerae Flos, and two studies of Phellodendri Cortex). All of these studies were composed of in vivo and in vitro, and there were six pharmacopuncture experimental study. All experiments showed the significant effects on specific inflammatory mediators. Conclusions These results suggest that ChondroT will be able to apply to the treatment of osteoarthritis through continuous research and development.