• Clean Technology
• /
• v.18 no.4
• /
• pp.446-450
• /
• 2012

Strong alkaline electrolyzed water which is produced in cathode by electrolyzing the solution where electrolytes (NaCl, $K_2CO_3$ etc.) are added in diaphragm electrolytic cell, is eco-friendly and has cleaning effects. So, it is viewed as a substitution of chemical cleaner. In addition, strong alkaline electrolyzed water is being used by some Japanese automobile and precision parts manufacturing industries. When strong alkaline electrolyzed water is produced by using diaphragm electrolytic cell, it is necessarily produced at the anode side. Since strong acidic electrolyzed water produced is discarded when its utilization cannot be found, production efficiency of electrolyzed water is consequently decreased. Also, there is a weakness electrolytic efficiency is decreasing due to the pollution of diaphragm. In order to overcome this, non-diaphragm all-in-one electrolytic cell integrated with electrode reaction chamber and dilution chamber was applied. Strong alkaline electrolyzed water was produced for different composition of electrolytes, and their properties and characteristics were identified. In comparing the properties between strong alkaline electrolyzed water produced in diaphragm electrolytic cell and that produced in all-in-one electrolytic cell, the differences in ORP and chlorine concentration were found. In emulsification test to confirm surface-active capability, similar results were obtained and strong alkaline electrolyzed water produced in non-diaphragm all-in-one electrolytic cell was identified to be useable as a cleaner like strong alkaline electrolyzed water produced in diaphragm electrolytic cell. Strong alkaline electrolyzed water produced in non-diaphragm all-in-one electrolytic cell is thought to have sterilizing power because it has active chlorine which is different from strong alkaline electrolyzed water produced in diaphragm electrolytic cell.

• Clean Technology
• /
• v.8 no.4
• /
• pp.205-215
• /
• 2002

Can industry has grown up with growth of packing industry and its recycling activation in recent years. But profit has became low by oversupply. Therefore, can industry needs a reduction of environmental load and official loss by an optimization of process in order to maintain its competitiveness. In this study, the main issues of aluminium can production was investigated by life cycle assessment. As a result of LCA, it examined closely by main issues that reduce defective cans and remove tramp oil. In the present work, it was recommended that setup of R/O system, sterillizing tramp oil separation, and heating system of DI water. The ROI investigated 6.4 months. The operating cost with the advanced processes could be reduced annually by 300 million won.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
• /
• v.65 no.3
• /
• pp.1-13
• /
• 2023

Local governments play a critical role in achieving carbon neutrality and reducing national carbon emissions. To manage carbon emissions effectively, it is essential for local governments to analyze regional carbon emissions. In this study, we developed a model for estimating carbon emissions based on land use and analyzed regional characteristics of carbon emissions to suggest policies for achieving carbon neutrality at the regional level. Our model for calculating carbon emissions is based on an analysis of the activities that contribute to carbon emissions for each land use, and we established the spatial scope of carbon emission calculation. We applied this model to the cities and counties in Gyeongsangnam province, calculating carbon emissions from settlement and agricultural production activities and comparing regional characteristics of carbon emissions. Our analysis showed that areas with larger populations generally produced higher emissions in all categories, but we observed different results in terms of unit emissions, emissions divided by area, population, and household. Based on these findings, we propose policies such as increasing the generation of new and renewable energy using public institutions, promoting the conversion to cleaner cooking and heating energy sources, and encouraging the adoption of eco-friendly automobiles on roads. We believe that our analysis of the spatial and regional characteristics of carbon emissions can help local governments establish effective policies for reducing carbon emissions in their regions.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers
• /
• v.16 no.1
• /
• pp.175-179
• /
• 1992

Generally speaking, natural gas possesses several characteristics that make it desirable as an engine fuel : for example (1) lower production cost, (2) abundant commodity and (3) cleaner energy source than gasoline. Due to the physical characteristics of natural gas, the volumetric efficiency and flame speed of a natural gas engine are lower than those of a gasoline engine, which results in a power loss of 10-20% when compared to a convensional gasoline engine. This paper describes the results of a research to improve the performance of a natural gas engine through the modification and controls of air/fuel ratio, spark timing advance and supercharging effect by forced air supply method.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Combustion
• /
• v.7 no.1
• /
• pp.52-57
• /
• 2002

A numerical investigation using a commercial CFD program of the Inter-Phase Slip Algorithm has been carried out for detail characteristics of particle motions and bubble behaviors in a two dimensional fluidized bed. The bed simulated has been operated with three different distributor geometries, such as bubble cap, nozzle, and perforated plate types. Experiments using a slit-type two-dimensional fluidized bed and a cylinder-type fluidized bed have been performed in order to confirm the simulation model. In addition, the numerical results are compared with the wellknown correlation of bubble sizes and bubble rising velocities by Mori and Wen [1]. The simulation model that we applied is shown to be useful to understand the relation between bubble behaviors and distributor geometries.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
• /
• v.14 no.1
• /
• pp.15-22
• /
• 2005

Natural gas possesses several characteristics that make it desirable as an engine fuel; 1)lower production cost, 2)abundant commodity and 3)cleaner energy source than gasoline. Due to the physics characteristics of natural gas, the volumetric efficiency and flame speed of a natural gas engine are lower than those of a gasoline engine, which results in a power loss of $10-20{\%}$ when compared to a normal gasoline engine. This paper describes the results of a research to improve the performance of a natural gas engine through the modification and controls of compression ratio, air/fuel ratio, spark advance and supercharging and method of measuring flame propagation velocity. It emphasizes how to improve the power characteristics of a natural gas engine. Combustion characteristics are also studied using an ion probe. The ion probe is applied to measure flame speed of gasoline and methane fuels to confirm the performance improvement of natural gas engine combustion characteristics.

• Korean Membrane Journal
• /
• v.2 no.1
• /
• pp.1-8
• /
• 2000

In Kimchi (a salt-pickled and fermented food) manufacturing industry, the process of brining and rinsing the raw vegetable produces a vast amount of wastewater of high salinity. Instead of expensive and low-efficient conventional treatment system, brining wastewater reuse system was developed using hybrid chemical precipitation/microfiltration. In the microfiltration of chemically treated brining wastewater, comparison of flux, backwashing frequency and energy consumption was made between dead-end and crossflow filtration mode. The optimum location of neutralization step in this system was also discussed in connection with the microfiltration performance. The quality test of Kimchi prepared by the reuse system confirmed the new approach was successful in terms of water/raw material(salt) saving and wastewater reduction.

• Proceedings of the Membrane Society of Korea Conference
• /
• 1999.04b
• /
• pp.1-12
• /
• 1999

In Kimchi (a salt-pickled and fermented food) manufacturing industry, the process of brining and rinsing the raw vegetable produces a vast amount of wastewater of high salinity. Instead of expensive and low-efficient conventional treatment system, brining wastewater reuse system was developed using hybrid chemical precipitation / microfiltration. In the microfiltration of chemically treated brining wastewater, comparison of flux, backwashing frequency and energy consumption was made between dead-end and crossflow filtration mode. The optimum location of neutralization step in this system was also discussed in connection with the micro filtration performance. The quality test of Kimchi prepared by the reuse system conformed the new approach was successful in terms of water/raw material (salt) savings and wastewater reduction.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Technology of Plasticity Conference
• /
• 2008.05a
• /
• pp.71-74
• /
• 2008

In order to resolve the problems which appear after the clean large ingot production process, the impurities which are involved in the steel smelting process should be removed by developing cleaner materials. Through the rationalization of cogging process that is the first forging process of large ingot the quality is to be improved. For the sake of the optimization of an open die forging process and the improvement of the subject matter frequency ratio, a hazard precise die forging process must be developed and a Near Net Shape Forming accomplished. As a result, energy can be reduced by minimizing an after control process. In order to produce large axes and other forming parts, processing techniques are to be developed. In this context, this paper is a study about a reduction ratio, dies width ratio and rotary angles, the amount of overlap, and intends to analysis cogging processes, utilizing Deform-3D cogging module

• Journal of the Korean institute of surface engineering
• /
• v.32 no.3
• /
• pp.440-443
• /
• 1999

The morphology and composition of anodic films, formed on aluminium at various current densities, in the range 1-$100{\;}Am^{-2}$, in the molten bisulphate melt at different temperatures (418-498K), have been studied using transmission electron microscopy of ultramicrotomed film sections, and ion beam thinned films. From the structural analysis of the electron diffraction patterns taken from the ultramicrotomed sections and ion beam thinned films, it can be concluded that the crystal modification process from ${\gamma}-Al_2O_3{\;}to{\;}{\alpha}-Al_2O_3$ proceeds in the following steps : (equation omitted)