• Korean Journal of Mathematics
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.93-114
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• 2015

The "flipped" or "inverted" classroom, in which students study lecture-type material at home and do their "homework" in the classroom, has been the subject of research, particularly in the area of student achievement. Yet Bishop and Verleger (2013) state the need for an underlying theory to the practice. The purpose of this paper is to explore "multidimensional teaching," the authors' extension of the two-dimensional "flipped" classroom concept in light of Cambourne's (1995) Conditions for Learning. One author's math class for pre-service teachers was taught in two styles, a more traditional lecture format and in the \inverted" format. Students in the "flipped" format achieved at a higher level. Moreover, students' open-ended comments reveal that Cambourne's Conditions for Learning were implicit to the teaching practice. The authors suggest that practitioners of this style of teaching should deliberately develop student-centered practices, such as those mentioned by Cambourne, in order to retain the power that this teaching style currently has.

• Educational Technology International
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.175-197
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• 2018

Flipped classroom (FC) has gained attention as an active learning approach. Designing effective out-of-class activities to help prepare students for in-class activities is fundamental for successful implementation of FC. This study investigated the effectiveness of Goal-Based Scenarios (GBS) for out-of-class learning in FC. Four out of twelve units in a medical humanities course for Year 2 medical students was redesigned into a FC format, where e-learning modules were designed using a GBS approach for out-of-class activities and classroom debates were implemented for in-class activities. The other eight units were delivered in a conventional classroom debate format, which included reading text materials as pre-class assignments. A formative evaluation study was conducted using questionnaires and interview methods and students' academic achievements were evaluated by comparing their pre- and post-test scores between FC and conventional units. Students had positive perceptions of the e-learning modules in GBS approach and preferred the structure of learning in the FC format. Students' pre-test scores were slightly higher in the FC units, yet their post-test scores were comparable with conventional units. This study illustrates students' perceptions that the learning was bettered structured in FC and that the out-of-class learning using the GBS approach helped them better prepared for in-class activities.

• 한국수학교육학회지시리즈D:수학교육연구
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.229-238
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• 2006

During World War II there was a statistical analysis conducted by the Allied analysts to estimate the German war productions, including their tank productions. This article revisits the analysis of the tank productions as a classroom activity format. Various reformed ideas are proposed in order to enhance students' perspectives of the point estimation. Comprehensive simulation works and actual classroom discussions will be provided along with the theoretical investigations.

• International Journal of Contents
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.54-59
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• 2016

The purpose of this paper is to discover how the use of digital applications can affect students' attitudes toward positive classroom participation and performance in learning a foreign language. Participants of this study were 128 students who took a foreign language class at a high school in central Korea. To find out students' perceptions and attitudes toward the effect of using a digital application for their foreign language study, online questionnaire and focus-group interview were conducted. Our research findings revealed that these students could engage in active language learning and experience learning improvement while studying a foreign language with digital applications. The improvement was possible by creating more interactive activities and quizzes. In addition, the digital application provided students immediate feedback. It gave students and teachers various motivations beyond the traditional 'chalk and talk' format of text-only-classes. This study provides an overview of the usefulness of digital application. In addition, it provides understanding for students' perceptions and involvement using digital application in a foreign language classroom.

• International Journal of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.211-221
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• 2023

After COVID-19, various metaverse platforms for online lectures are being provided. Most of the classrooms are tiered type, and they are divided into intensive classrooms and open classrooms depending on the shape of the classrooms. Intensive classrooms provide a one-sided lecture format, so there are many difficulties in conducting communication-based classes that carry out team missions like PBL classes. In this study, we propose a metaverse classroom that applies the functions of a multiplayer online role-playing game (MMORPG), one of the game genres suitable for PBL classes. The proposed system provides various interaction techniques for PBL classes. We evaluated user satisfaction when this was applied to actual classes. As a result of the evaluation, it was found that users preferred text and voice chatting more than video chatting and solving missions like games was very helpful in online classes.

• 한국초등과학교육학회지:초등과학교육
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.30-42
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• 2005

In this study, we developed an elementary science performance assessment material on STS theme, especially the respiration. The material is constituted with 3 components, which are performance task, students' response format and scoring system, and it also has various objective domains such as applying science knowledge, improving science attitude, using ICT, communicating and reflective thinking. It offers teachers a tool by which they can assess students' abilities on a whole. The task is made with the motivation-evoking content of 'No Smoking'. It is constructed on the activity of writing a letter to his/her father not to smoke. The students' response format is made by problem solving process, and the scoring system is matched with the steps of students' response. The material involves several theoretical backgrounds and the strengths of performance assessment. In addition, due to the detailed students' format and scoring system, it can be used practically in elementary science classroom.

• 산업융합연구
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• 제21권8호
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• pp.1-12
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• 2023

본 연구의 목적은 COVID-19 팬데믹으로 인해 대학 수업에서 시행하게 된 블렌디드러닝의 외적 수업형태가 학생들의 학업 성취도에 미친 영향, 그리고 블렌디드러닝의 내적 수업전략이 학습자의 인식에 미친 영향은 어떠한지를 분석하여 온라인수업의 바람직한 방향성을 제시하는 것이다. 본 연구는 2022년 1학기 G대학에서 미적분학I 수업을 수강하는 학생들을 대상으로 하여 실험반 117명과 비교반 707명에 대한 대면수업 및 온라인수업 그리고 교수 방법의 혼합을 통한 블렌디드러닝을 실시하고 학업성취도와 학습자 인식을 조사하였다. 연구결과로는 온라인수업만으로 한 학기를 진행했을 때보다 중간고사 이전에는 온라인수업을 진행하고, 이후에는 대면수업으로 운영하는 블랜디드 수업방식을 수행하였을 때 학업성취도가 하향되는 결과를 얻게 되었다. 미리 준비되지 않은 단순한 외적 수업형태의 블렌디드러닝은 비효과적이었으나 온라인수업으로만 이루어진 수업형태에서 동영상 및 실시간 수업의 혼합 모형은 긍정적인 학습자 인식을 보여주었다. 테크놀로지를 혼합하여 실시한 교수전략 또한 긍정적인 결과로 나타났다.

• 한국멀티미디어학회논문지
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• 제12권10호
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• pp.1486-1498
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• 2009

최근 전자 도서관 분야에서는 기존의 종이책을 디지털 형식으로 변환할 때 원본 문서의 모든 정보를 보존 할 수 있도록 스캐닝을 통한 이미지 기반의 형식을 이용하는데 주력하여왔다. 텍스트 형식의 문서와는 달리 이미지 형식의 문서는 해당 문서가 가진 정보를 쉽게 인식하기 어렵기 때문에 사용자가 접근, 처리 및 검색 등 디지털 문서로서 이미지를 활용하는데 에는 새로운 기법이 요구된다. 본 논문에서는 이미지 기반 문서에서 사용자 정보를 입력할 수 있는 어노테이션 및 사회적 탐색 지원 기법을 적용하여 디지털 문서의 사용성을 높이고, 특히 기존 온라인 교육 시스템에서 문제적으로 지적돼온 학습자의 낮은 참여율을 제안 기법을 통하여 개선하였다. 제안 기법은 현재 대학원 수업에 적용되어 어노테이션 및 사회적 탐색기법이 학습자가 학습 자료를 보다 효율적으로 활용하고 교육 시스템의 활용성을 얼마나 높이는지에 대해 검증하였다.

• 인지과학
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.283-307
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• 2010

본 연구에서는 초등학생을 위한 새로운 수학평가 시스템을 만들고 그 사용가능성을 알아보았다. 이 시스템은 최근 제안된 구성적 선다형 방식(constructive multiple-choice testing system)을 수학에 확장한 것이다. 구성적 선다형은, 동일한 문제에 대해 먼저 개방형으로 반응한다음 다시 같은 문제를 선다형으로 반응하게 하는 방식이다. 그 장점은 과정 정보를 나중에 확인할 수 있고, 수험자는 시험 종료 직후 선다형에 근거하여 피드백을 받을 수 있다는 것이다. 본 연구에서 제안된 시스템은, 수학 문제의 출제, 계정 관리를 위한 관리자 모드와 학생들이 실제 풀이 과정을 메뉴바와 키보드로 입력할 수 있도록 하는 시험 모드로 구성되어 있다. 이 방식으로 시험을 보게 한 집단과 중간 과정을 지필식으로 보게 한 집단을 비교했을 때, 시험 시간은 길어졌지만, 선다형의 집단 간 평균 점수 상에서는 차이가 없음이 관찰되었다. 이 결과는 본 연구에서 구현된 개방형 수학 시험 시스템이 실제 교실 평가에서 효과적으로 사용될 수 있음을 보여준다.

• 한국수학교육학회지시리즈D:수학교육연구
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.187-201
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• 2005

The spreadsheet Microsoft Excel is the most widely used mathematical tool in today's workplace. Moreover, it is also an outstanding means for developing a surprisingly wide range of creative and innovative educational uses within such areas as mathematical modeling, visualization, and instruction. The spreadsheet's format provides us with a tool that closely parallels the way in which we naturally carry out problem solving, while the spreadsheet creation process itself illuminates the underlying mathematical concepts. In addition, the spreadsheet's visual layout allows us to introduce a broad variety of challenging and interesting topics, and to design creative demonstrations through eye-catching animated graphics. The material presented comes from actual classroom mathematics teaching experience in both industrially advanced and developing nations. A series of highly visual interactive illustrations from mathematics, the natural and social sciences, computing, engineering, and the arts provide a number of usable examples. The material discussed is applicable at diverse levels, ranging from schools and universities through adult education and in-service teacher development programs.