• Journal of Popular Narrative
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.303-345
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• 2019

This article analyzes the multi-layered communication in the Webtoon Princess Pari, released on the Daum portal site, created (written and illustrated) by Kim Naim, through analyzing the narrative structure and comments with the qualitative / quantitative methodology. The webtoon Princess Pari is structured in an omnibus style in which unit narratives are intermittently articulated, multi-lined, and interconnected. As integrated narratives which link with unitary narratives, Pari's growth story as a shaman and a romance narrative are structured. The classical original story of the shaman was used as a prehistory corresponding to the prequel of the webtoon through a preview, and the writer restructured the narrative to overcome the contradictions of the gender asymmetry and the patriarchal ideology of the original text. The viewer then creates a conversational space by giving critical and reflective comments. According to a statistical analysis conducted through sampling, the types of comments can be classified as follows: Appreciation and criticism of the contents ≫ Emotional response ≫ Intuitive overall review ≫ Knowledge and reflection ≫ Comments on comments. In the process of creation and acceptance of the Webtoon, a multi-layered dialogue between classical and modern, content and audience, acceptance and creation has been at play. In the creation dimension, the writer used a device to fill the gap of mythical symbols of the contents. At the level of the audience, they formed a culture of sharing information, knowledge, and reflection about tradition/folk/culture through comments. This corresponds to classical and modern dialogue through the webtoon. The viewers form a sympathetic bond, attempt hermeneutical coordination, supplement the information, and search for a balanced angle through controversial conversation. In addition, by commenting on attitudes, views, and perspective, the commentators showed a behavioral pattern corresponding to meta-criticism in literature. The viewers' comments acted as feedback on the creation of the webtoons, so that the creation and acceptance itself influenced the production of the content of the webtoon. The webtoon Princess Pari, which was based on Korean classical narrative, has been reorganized onto 'moving and dynamic' content, which leads to sense, thinking, criticism and reflection through the formation of various dialogues.

• Trans-
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• v.3
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• pp.1-28
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• 2017

As the field of film aesthetics expands, the concept of classical the mise-en-scene expands too its scope. This paper examines the concept of mise-en-scene through spatial connections. The primary goals of this study are understanding the relation between the frame and the shot, the continuity between the scene and the sequence, and the aesthetic dimension to the plan-sequence. In modern cinema theory, the elements of mise-en-scene are more emphasized in terms of efficiency, but this study is concerned that the classical aesthetic system is still important. To this end, we examine the concept of plan-sequence, which was called the best technique of past visual realism aesthetics, is utilized in digital cinema. Finding significance for the modern use of plan-sequences is a secondary goal of this paper and we expect it to be a stepping stone to search for the aesthetics of digital cinema. The plan-sequence is one of the important factors that can be evaluated in the preparation and application of the event for the movie director. In the real world where the film itself is used commercially, digital film will have a conceptual tool that can utilize allegorics of 'geopolitical unconsciousness' through plan-sequences.

• Bulletin of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.45-49
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• 1983

If R is ring and M is a right (or left) R-module, then M is called a faithful R-module if, for some a in R, x.a=0 for all x.mem.M then a=0. In [4], R.E. Johnson defines that M is a prime module if every non-zero submodule of M is faithful. Let us define that M is of prime type provided that M is faithful if and only if every non-zero submodule is faithful. We call a right (left) ideal I of R is of prime type if R/I is of prime type as a R-module. This is equivalent to the condition that if xRy.subeq.I then either x.mem.I ro y.mem.I (see [5:3:1]). It is easy to see that in case R is a commutative ring then a right or left ideal of a prime type is just a prime ideal. We have defined in [5], that a chain of right ideals of prime type in a ring R is a finite strictly increasing sequence I$_{0}$.contnd.I$_{1}$.contnd....contnd.I$_{n}$; the length of the chain is n. By the right dimension of a ring R, which is denoted by dim, R, we mean the supremum of the length of all chains of right ideals of prime type in R. It is an integer .geq.0 or .inf.. The left dimension of R, which is denoted by dim$_{l}$ R is similarly defined. It was shown in [5], that dim$_{r}$R=0 if and only if dim$_{l}$ R=0 if and only if R modulo the prime radical is a strongly regular ring. By "a strongly regular ring", we mean that for every a in R there is x in R such that axa=a=a$^{2}$x. It was also shown that R is a simple ring if and only if every right ideal is of prime type if and only if every left ideal is of prime type. In case, R is a (right or left) primitive ring then dim$_{r}$R=n if and only if dim$_{l}$ R=n if and only if R.iden.D$_{n+1}$ , n+1 by n+1 matrix ring on a division ring D. in this paper, we establish the following results: (1) If R is prime ring and dim$_{r}$R=n then either R is a righe Ore domain such that every non-zero right ideal of a prime type contains a non-zero minimal prime ideal or the classical ring of ritght quotients is isomorphic to m*m matrix ring over a division ring where m.leq.n+1. (b) If R is prime ring and dim$_{r}$R=n then dim$_{l}$ R=n if dim$_{l}$ R=n if dim$_{l}$ R<.inf. (c) Let R be a principal right and left ideal domain. If dim$_{r}$R=1 then R is an unique factorization domain.TEX>R=1 then R is an unique factorization domain.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.240-259
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• 2020

Analyzing network traffic is the basis of dealing with network security issues. Most of the network security systems depend on the feature selection of network traffic data and the detection ability of malicious traffic in network can be improved by the correct method of feature selection. An FAFS method, which is short for Fuzzy Association Feature Selection method, is proposed in this paper for network malicious traffic detection. Association rules, which can reflect the relationship among different characteristic attributes of network traffic data, are mined by association analysis. The membership value of association rules are obtained by the calculation of fuzzy reasoning. The data features with the highest correlation intensity in network data sets are calculated by comparing the membership values in association rules. The dimension of data features are reduced and the detection ability of malicious traffic detection algorithm in network is improved by FAFS method. To verify the effect of malicious traffic feature selection by FAFS method, FAFS method is used to select data features of different dataset in this paper. Then, K-Nearest Neighbor algorithm, C4.5 Decision Tree algorithm and Naïve Bayes algorithm are used to test on the dataset above. Moreover, FAFS method is also compared with classical feature selection methods. The analysis of experimental results show that the precision and recall rate of malicious traffic detection in the network can be significantly improved by FAFS method, which provides a valuable reference for the establishment of network security system.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.61 no.4
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• pp.109-136
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• 2009

This study started with concerns for corporate philanthropy that is emerging as an alternative for resource development of social work field in Korea. However, corporate philanthropy is not operating as an accomplished conception yet, but as a type of the practical discourse. Therefore corporate philanthropy is interpreted a multiplicity of meanings is used ambiguously in social work practice field. This is because theoretical reviews on the conceptual thinking of corporate philanthropy are scant and is in need of empirical inquires into conceptual perception of social workers who uses this concept as a stakeholder to corporate philanthropy. After analyzing the data using Q methodology, the result shows that social workers' major perception patterns on corporate philanthropy perspective consists of three patterns; Win-Win Partnership, Social-obligation, Strategic Materialism. These patterns are classified by the dimension of 'classical view', 'socio-economic view', 'modern view' and 'philanthrophic view'. This result will attribute to develop theories, social work practice program and social worker' training program related corporate philanthropy. And to give facilities for lucid communication among practice and theory in social work field as it materializes the explicit conception of corporate philanthropy that is understood ambiguously in Korea.

• Journal of architectural history
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.7-26
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• 2009

The purpose of this paper is the study on the architectural characteristics revived from the roman architecture, focused on the early renaissance architecture building. The results of study are as follow: 1. The composition system of Domus which is formed of urban house in the Roman period is presented by spatial arrangement of palace architecture centering around atrium in the Renaissance period. Thus plan type of Domus is used by atrium from which is composed of peristyle from the palace and villa in the Renaissance period. 2. The circular temple in the Roman period is composed of element such as podium, stair, peristyle centering around the basic circular plan. Bramante planed to revive above elements for the Tempietto to concept from the circular temple in the Roman period. 3. The triumphal arch in the Roman period is strong monument to the independent building in the city, but thus arch is used of church facade as the important example which is composed with building elevation in the Renaissance period. 4. The composition system and element of Roman temple which is planned to rectangular plan is composed of high podium, stair, portico, prostyle and pediment. The facade plan of church is used by the partial elements and total elements perfectly from the temple in the Roman period. 5. The linearly successive and repetitive composition which is composition system and element of aqueduct arches of same dimension shows to the palace facade, arcade for gallery space and side elevation plan of S.Fracesco church. 6. Such as background of Colloseum, Rucellai palace can be called good example which is created by the new architectural form to the creative starting point from the classical architecture from.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Laryngology, Phoniatrics and Logopedics
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.217-224
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• 1997

The present study was performed to investigate the voice onset time(VOT) of Korean stop consonants as the expanded research of Pyo and Choi(1996) : the intensity, and the air flow rate of Korean stops as the preliminary study f3r the classical singing training. Nine Korean stops(/P, P', $P^{h}$/, /t, t', $t^{h}$/, /k, k', $k^{h}$/) and a vowel /a/ were used as speech materials. CV and VCV syllable patterns were used for VOT measurement, and CV pattern was used for intensity and air flow rate measurement. Five males and five females pronounced the speech tasks with comfortable pitch and intensity : VOT, intensity, and air flow rate were measured. As results, the prevocalic stop consonants showed bilabials, the shortest VOT and velars, the longest one, except the unaspirated stops which showed the shortest was velar /k'/, and the alveolar /t'/ was the longest. Considering the tensity, heavily aspirated stops showed the longest, and the unaspirated, the shortest. Also the intervocalic stops showed similar results with the prevocalic stops, except the slightly aspirated stops which showed alveolar sound was the longest, and the bilabials, which showed the shortest was the slightly aspirated /p/, unlike the prevocalic stops, the unaspirated /p'/ the shortest. All of prevocalic stops showed the highest air flow rate in heavily aspirated stops, the second, thee slightly aspirated ones, and the lowest was the unaspirated stops. And as a whole, bilabials were the highest, and velars, the lowest, except in the heavily aspirated stops, which was the alveolar sound, the lowest. In the dimension of intensity, the unaspirated and bilabials were the highest, and the heavily aspirated and velars were e lowest, except the slightly aspirated stops, which were the bilabials the lowest, and the alveolars the highest.

• Philosophy of Education
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• no.46
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• pp.45-70
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• 2012

The purpose of this study is researching on educational difficulty in the history of western education. In other words, the goal and significance of this paper lies in knowing the essential meaning of education based on the norms of difficulty. The major method for this study is hermeneutical-anthropological pedagogy. My fundamental claim is the following: the essential nature of teaching is difficulty at any instructional condition and situations. Such a discrete idea was clearly identified and confirmed in the process of pedagogical anthropology. That is, through the consciousness of educational difficulty and critical review for the history of western education, I can cleary define the concept of educational difficulty. Educational difficulty was various ways for understanding by all audiences. Namely, various formulars were developed for understanding it according to the age, cultures, nations, ideology, etc.. But there are continuous characters on the way for understanding on educational difficulty. The results on research are as followings. In the primitive age, fundamental difficulty of education lies in the initiation ceremony. At the classical ancient time, the purpose of education was 'Politai' with politike arete, in this educational conditions, instruction have a complex dimension politically as well as psychologically. At the medieval age, educational difficulty lies in the 'Askese' for instructional methods. In the modern and conventional age, educational difficulty is more and more complex and confused on goals, methods, evaluations, etc.. Most of all, the major or key concept of educational difficulty in this world is the conflict between the two instructional principles, that is, objectivism and constructivism in education. At now, the schoolworks for instruction over all educational situations and conditions have a difficulty of traditional as well conventional dilemma. In conclusion, educational difficulty have formal, natural, original attribute and it is general and universal phenomenon.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• v.37 no.1
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• pp.81-85
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• 2011

The uvulopalatal flap (UPF) technique is a modification of uvulopalatopharyngoplasty (UPPP) for the surgical treatment of obstructive sleep apnea. In the UPF technique, an uvulopalatal flap is fabricated and sutured to the residual mucosa of the soft palate to expand the antero-posterior dimensions of the oropharyngeal inlet. In the extended uvulopalatal flap (EUPF) technique, an incision at the tonsillar fossa is added to the classical UPF technique followed by the removal of mucosa and submucosal adipose tissue for additional expansion of the lateral dimension. The EUPF technique is more conservative and reversible than UPPP. Therefore, complications, such as velopharyngeal insufficiency, dysphagia, dryness, nasopharyngeal stenosis and postoperative pain, are reduced. In the following case report, the patient was diagnosed with obstructive sleep apnea and treated with the EUPF technique. The patient's total respiratory disturbance events per hour (RDI) was decreased to 15.4, the $O_2$ saturation during the sleep was increased, and the excessive daytime sleepiness had disappeared after the surgery without complications. The authors report this case with a review of the relevant literature.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.39 no.3 s.260
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• pp.226-229
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• 2006

Recently, heart transplantation has been accepted as a standard treatment for infant and children with end-stage cardiomyopathy or complex congenital heart disease. Due to the shortage of donors, size-mismatched cardiac transplantation is common. After size-mismatched transplantation, there could be side-effects such as hypertension and hypertensive encephalopathy because of the big-heart. Donor heart is also known to do remodel as time goes by. This is a case report of a size-mismatched heart transplantation between 9-year-old boy and a 39-year-old female whose body weight is almost twice of him. In this case, classical postoperative hypertension and hypertensive encephalopathy developed but was successfully managed. The donor heart has remodeled to normal dimension during 3 years follow-up period.