• Journal of Korea Society of Industrial Information Systems
• /
• v.23 no.1
• /
• pp.31-41
• /
• 2018

This paper discusses a structure design and thermal analysis of cryogenic conduction cooling system for a high current HTS DC reactor. Dimensions of the conduction cooling system parts including HTS magnets, bobbin structures, current leads, support bars, and thermal exchangers were calculated and drawn using a 3D CAD program. A finite element method model was built for determining the optimal design parameters and analyzing the thermo-mechanical characteristics. The operating current and inductance of the reactor magnet were 1,500 A, 400 mH, respectively. The thermal load of the HTS DC reactor was analyzed for determining the cooling capacity of the cryo-cooler. Hence, we carried out the operating test of conduction cooling system of the 1st stage area with high current flow. The cooper bars was cooled down to 40 K and HTS leads operated stably. As a experiment result, the total heat load of the 1st stage area is 190 W. The study results can be effectively utilized for the design and fabrication of a commercial HTS DC reactor.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
• /
• v.13 no.9
• /
• pp.191-199
• /
• 2015

The Journal of Digital Policy & Management. This space is for the abstract of your study in English. In this paper, we propose a u-convergence Tourist Information 3.0 System using Flow Theory. It generates a sense of u-challenge and u-skills to maximize the enjoyment of tourists is u-convergence Tourist Information 3.0. This is a challenge to good sense and adjust the rating of the Convergence Contents information quality(CCIQ) analysis to maximize the enjoyment of tourists. Convergence Contents information quality(CCIQ) of the conductive continuity of the content closed antecedents u-conductive sense, the tourist synchronization adequacy may generate data that can be analyzed. Content Information Quality of rating is the leading factor in the ability of the u-skill mastery of tourists, can generate data availability. The result is to create a meta-model is referred to as content information to reach the best quality maximize enjoyment. Design a sense of u-challenge the skill of the information quality of the tourist information content has the advantage of being able to identify the data formation has the pleasure of tourists. By applying to future national competent standard it is expected to maximize the enjoyment of the job.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
• /
• v.90 no.1
• /
• pp.43-54
• /
• 2001

Genetic differentiation of populations is resulted from the environmental and the genetic effects, and the interactions between them. Whereas, the major factors influencing to the genetic differentiation within populations are the gene flow induced by seed or pollen dispersial, the microsite heterogeneity, and the density-dependent distribution of individuals. For the purpose of studying spatial genetic structure and the distribution pattern of Korean pines(Pinus koraiensis), we set up one $100{\times}100m$ plot at a Korean pine stand in Quercus mongolica community on Mt. Jumbong in Korea. To estimate the coefficient of spatial autocorrelation as Moran's index and an analogue, simple block distance, isozyme markers were analyzed in 325 Korean pines. For 11 polymorphic loci observed in 9 enzyme systems, the average percentage of polymorphic loci, the observed and expected heterozygocity were 72.2% 0.200, and 0.251, respectively. It was revealed the excess of homozygotes was observed in the plot, which suggests that here may be more number of consanguineous trees than expected. On the basis of isozyme genotypes observed in this study, 325 trees were classified into 147 groups in which the maximum number of trees for one group was 34. From the distance class of 24-32m, the genetic heterogeneity began to increase. The variation of simple block distance against the growth performance by tree height and diameter also showed the same trend at 24~32m class. According to high fixation index(F=0.204), the spatial genetic structure within a stand, the analysis of the growth performance, and the distribution patterns of identical genotypes, we inferred that the genetic structure of a Korean pine stand in Mt. Jumbong has been maintained rather density-dependent mechanism than the gene flow, such as the pollen dispersial or the heavy input of seeds following the forest gaps. The genetic patchy size was determined between 24~32m, which suggests that the selection of individuals for the ex situ conservation of Korean pine in Mt. Jumbong may be desirable to be made with the spatial distance over 37 meters between trees.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
• /
• v.33 no.2
• /
• pp.271-277
• /
• 2004

This study was designed to evaluate the effect of Bu -Zhong-Yi-Qi-Tang extracts, a prescription of traditional oriental medicine, on development of the B cells. In the bone marrow cell cultures, progenitors viability, expressions of particular cell- surface proteins and production of immunoglobulins were investigated in the presence of Bu-Zhong-Yi-Qi-Tang extracts. The administration of Bu-Zhong -Yi-Qi-Tang polysaccharide fraction increased the viable cell numbers of the precursor B cells, and elevated expression levels of CD19/CD40 specific for pre-B cells after 10 days culture were demonstrated by flow cytometry analysis. The production of immunoglobulin M in the presence of polysaccharide fraction increased progressively in the culture supernatant, and preferentially induced class switching to IgG1, IgG2a and IgG3. These results indicated that Bu -Zhong -Yi-Qi -Tang strong1y correlated with the development of precursor B cells in the bone marrow cell culture. Therefore the polysaccharide fraction of Bu-Zhong-Yi -Qi-Tang might be a useful radioprotector, especially since it is a relatively non-toxic natural product. Further studies are needed to better characterize the protective nature of Bu-Zhong-Yi -Qi -Tang extract.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
• /
• v.41 no.3
• /
• pp.247-256
• /
• 2017

Background: KG-135, a standardized formulation enriched with Rk1, Rg3, and Rg5 ginsenosides, has been shown to inhibit various types of cancer cells; however, the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. In this study, we explored its effects in A549 human lung cancer cells to investigate the induction of Forkhead Class box O3a (FOXO3a) and autophagy. Methods: Cell viability was determined by sulforhodamine B staining. Apoptosis and cell cycle distribution were analyzed using flow cytometry. The changes of protein levels were determined using Western blot analysis. Autophagy induction was monitored by the formation of acidic vesicular organelles stained with acridine orange. Results: KG-135 effectively arrested the cells in G1 phase with limited apoptosis. Accordingly, a decrease of cyclin-dependent kinase-4, cyclin-dependent kinase-6, cyclin D1, and phospho-retinoblastoma protein, and an increase of p27 and p18 proteins were observed. Intriguingly, KG-135 increased the tumor suppressor FOXO3a and induced the accumulation of autophagy hallmark LC3-II and acidic vesicular organelles without an increase of the upstream marker Beclin-1. Unconventionally, the autophagy adaptor protein p62 (sequestosome 1) was increased rather than decreased. Blockade of autophagy by hydroxychloroquine dramatically potentiated KG-135-induced FOXO3a and its downstream (FasL) ligand accompanied by the cleavage of caspase-8. Meanwhile, the decrease of Bcl-2 and survivin, as well as the cleavage of caspase-9, were also drastically enhanced, resulting in massive apoptosis. Conclusion: Besides arresting the cells in G1 phase, KG-135 increased FOXO3a and induced an unconventional autophagy in A549 cells. Both the KG-135-activated extrinsic FOXO3a/FasL/caspase-8 and intrinsic caspase-9 apoptotic pathways were potentiated by blockade of autophagy. Combination of KG-135 and autophagy inhibitor may be a novel strategy as an integrative treatment for cancers.

• 한국노년학
• /
• v.31 no.2
• /
• pp.223-241
• /
• 2011

The purpose of this research is to analyze the effect of an autobiography writing program as a method of education for older adults. The authors participated in the processes of all 10 sessions of the autobiography writing program as instructors or program assistants at a senior welfare center in Seoul, 2007. Data used for analysis were learners' narrations in class, written autobiographies by learners, and researchers' memo-notes. We analyzed their narrative flows using Haenninen(2000)'s theory of narrative flow and reconstructed their categories of activities as life histories. 'The innen narration' constructed by learners was a spiritual process in which they have imbued their life and living conditions with meaning. The learners reminisced their lives as 'unreflective narration' in the beginning of education. However, as the class went on, they gradually reminisced them as "reflective narration" and finally developed them as 'meta-reflective narration' through the intentional reflection. Likewise, we could interpret the transition of learners into meta-reflecter as the completion of ego-integration. As a conclusion, we found the effects of the autobiography writing education for older adults in educational, social, and psychological aspects.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Propulsion Engineers Conference
• /
• 2005.11a
• /
• pp.353-357
• /
• 2005

LOx post damage occurs from the development process of the full-scale gas generator which is necessary to 30 tonf class engine development was described. The cause and analysis for damage was described. The combustion test result of 4 injector, the full-scale gas generator and redesigned injector was described. Combustion instability, purge, the low momentum of LOx spray, small recess number, the low flow of LOx, and the high spray angle is main reason the possibility of knowing. The redesign for the injector in the direction of increase of recess number, increase of LOx and fuel spray angle, decrease of gap interval between the LOx post outer wall and fuel screen and increase of LOx post wall thick became accomplished.

• Journal of the Society of Naval Architects of Korea
• /
• v.50 no.3
• /
• pp.145-152
• /
• 2013

Recently, with oil price jumping and environmental issues, Green ship is paid deep attention to by ship owner, operator, builder, class and government. Fuel efficiency and reduction of $CO_2$ emissions are expected to have a strong influence on the design and operation of merchant ships. Many ship owners and operators are seeking the more economic method by the best operating route and the application of reliable and effective energy saving devices. With the Energy Efficiency Design Index (EEDI) in 2013 attention will more than ever be focused at achieving maximum fuel economy in the hydrodynamic design of hull forms, their appendages and propellers. IMO requirements for $CO_2$ emission for ships will now be implemented for vessels ordered from 1st January 2013. So far, a lot of new idea and patents have been proposed, tested, claimed and applied for various kinds of ship type. This paper shows numerical and experimental work related to a study on a energy saving devices particularly for fuller ship such as merchant vessel of Tanker and Bulker. From the bare hull wake measurements, typical upper/lower asymmetry of hull wake at the propeller disk was found. The pre-swirl duct have been designed and reviewed to recover the loss of propeller running in that condition. The general function of the pre-swirl duct was set to work against this asymmetry of wake and generate pre-swirled flow into the propeller against the propeller rotating direction.

• The Journal of Korean Obstetrics and Gynecology
• /
• v.23 no.2
• /
• pp.57-70
• /
• 2010

Purpose: In this study, we investigated the effects of GDB(Gidaebang) on the immune response to establish the treatment mechanism of vaginitis. Methods: We examined the effects of GDB on the DCs(Dendritic cells) phenotypic and functional maturation. iDCs were cultured in the presence of GM-CSF and the generated iDCs were respectively stimulated by GDB or LPS as the control group for 24 hours. To evaluate the DCs phenotypic and functional maturation, we used flow cytometric analysis, RT-PCR and ELISA. Results: 1. GDB upregulated the expression of class II MHC and CD40 on DCs. 2. GDB upregulated the expression of CD80 and CD86 on DCs. 3. GDB induced cytokine IL-12 production and mRNA expression in DCs. Conclusion: These results suggest that GDB is able to improve the antigen-presenting capacity of DCs through the upregulation of their maturation, and might induce proliferation of T cells. In conclusion, this immunomodulatory properties of GDB may be useful in the treatment of vaginitis.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
• /
• v.13 no.7
• /
• pp.3471-3476
• /
• 2012

Background and Objective: Histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors represent a promising class of potential anticancer agents for treatment of human malignancies. In this study, we investigated the effect of trichostatin A (TSA), one such HDAC inhibitor, in combination with docetaxel (TXT), a cytotoxic chemotherapy agent or erlotinib, a novel molecular target therapy drug, on lung cancer A549 cells. Methods: A549 cells were treated with TXT, erlotinib alone or in combination with TSA, respectively. Cell viability, apoptosis, and cell cycle distribution were evaluated using MTT (3- (4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl) -2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) assay, Hochst33258 staining and flow cytometry. Moreover, immunofluorescent staining and Western blot analysis were employed to examine alterations of ${\alpha}$-tubulin, heat shock protein 90 (hsp90), epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), and caspase-3 in response to the different exogenous stimuli. Results: Compared with single-agent treatment, co-treatment of A549 cells with TSA/TXT or TSA/erlotinib synergistically inhibited cell proliferation, induced apoptosis, and caused cell cycle delay at the $G_2/M$ transition. Treatment with TSA/TXT or TSA/erlotinib led to a significant increase of cleaved caspase-3 expression, also resulting in elevated acetylation of ${\alpha}$-tubulin or hsp90 and decreased expression of EGFR, which was negatively associated with the level of acetylated hsp90. Conclusions: Synergistic anti-tumor effects are observed between TXT or erlotinib and TSA on lung cancer cells. Such combinations may provide a more effective strategy for treating human lung cancer.